Our expenses fluctuate due to a number of factors, including the following: • variations in the amount of total compensation expense due to, among other things, changes in the amount of incentive compensation earned and equity awards made, variations in our employee count (including the addition of new investment teams), changes in our product mix and other competitive factors; and • expenses, such as distribution fees, rent, professional service fees, technology and data-related costs, that are incurred to operate and grow our business.
Our expenses fluctuate due to a number of factors, including the following: • variations in the amount of total compensation expense due to, among other things, changes in the amount of incentive compensation earned and long-term incentive awards made, variations in our employee count (including the addition of new investment teams), changes in our product mix and other competitive factors; and • expenses, such as distribution fees, rent, professional service fees, technology and data-related costs, that are incurred to operate and grow our business.
For each of the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, approximately 80%, 82%, and 82%, respectively, of our investment advisory fees were earned from clients located in the United States. Operating Expenses Our operating expenses consist primarily of compensation and benefits, distribution, servicing and marketing, occupancy, communication and technology, and general and administrative expenses.
For the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, approximately 80%, 80% and 82%, respectively, of our investment advisory fees were earned from clients located in the United States. Operating Expenses Our operating expenses consist primarily of compensation and benefits, distribution, servicing and marketing, occupancy, communication and technology and general and administrative expenses.
The following table presents the total returns of relevant market indices for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022: For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 S&P 500 total returns 25.0 % 26.3 % (18.1) % MSCI All Country World total returns 17.5 % 22.2 % (18.4) % MSCI EAFE total returns 3.8 % 18.2 % (14.5) % Russell Midcap® total returns 15.3 % 17.2 % (17.3) % MSCI Emerging Markets Index 7.5 % 9.8 % (20.1) % ICE BofA US High Yield Index 8.2 % 13.5 % (11.2) % 34 Table of Contents Key Performance Indicators When we review our business and financial performance we consider, among other things, the following: For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (unaudited; dollars in millions) Assets under management at period end $ 161,208 $ 150,167 $ 127,892 Average assets under management (1) $ 160,232 $ 139,321 $ 141,516 Net client cash flows (2) $ (3,699) $ (4,076) $ (9,813) Total revenues $ 1,112 $ 975 $ 993 Weighted average management fee (3) 68.6 bps 69.8 bps 70.2 bps Operating margin 33.0 % 31.1 % 34.6 % Adjusted operating margin (4) 33.8 % 31.6 % 34.3 % (1) We compute average assets under management by averaging day-end assets under management for the applicable period.
The following table presents the total returns of relevant market indices for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023: For the Years Ended December 31, 2025 2024 2023 S&P 500 Index 17.9 % 25.0 % 26.3 % MSCI All Country World Index 22.3 % 17.5 % 22.2 % MSCI EAFE Index 31.2 % 3.8 % 18.2 % Russell ® Midcap Index 10.6 % 15.3 % 17.2 % MSCI Emerging Markets Index 33.6 % 7.5 % 9.8 % ICE BofA US High Yield Index 8.5 % 8.2 % 13.5 % 34 Table of Contents Key Performance Indicators When we review our business and financial performance we consider, among other things, the following: For the Years Ended December 31, 2025 2024 2023 (unaudited; dollars in millions) Assets under management at period end $ 179,928 $ 161,208 $ 150,167 Average assets under management (1) $ 173,004 $ 160,232 $ 139,321 Net client cash flows (2) $ (12,662) $ (3,699) $ (4,076) Total revenues $ 1,197 $ 1,112 $ 975 Weighted average fee (3) 69.3 bps 69.5 bps 70.4 bps Operating margin 33.4 % 33.0 % 31.1 % Adjusted operating margin (4) 35.3 % 33.8 % 31.6 % (1) We compute average AUM by averaging day-end AUM for the applicable period.
The amount and composition of our AUM are, and will continue to be, influenced by a variety of factors including, among others: • investment performance, including fluctuations in both the financial markets and foreign currency exchange rates and the quality of our investment decisions; • flows of client assets into and out of our various strategies and investment vehicles; • our decision to close strategies or limit the growth of assets in a strategy or a vehicle when we believe it is in the best interest of our clients, as well as our decision to re-open strategies, in part or entirely; • our ability to attract and retain qualified investment, management, and marketing and client service professionals; • industry trends towards products, strategies, vehicles or services that we do not offer; • competitive conditions in the investment management and broader financial services sectors; and • investor sentiment and confidence. 35 Table of Contents The table below sets forth changes in our total AUM: For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (unaudited; dollars in millions) Beginning assets under management $ 150,167 $ 127,892 $ 174,754 Gross client cash inflows 25,650 21,395 27,227 Gross client cash outflows (29,349) (25,471) (37,040) Net client cash flows (1) (3,699) (4,076) (9,813) Artisan Funds’ distributions not reinvested (2) (1,193) (684) (497) Investment returns and other (3) 15,933 27,035 (36,552) Ending assets under management $ 161,208 $ 150,167 $ 127,892 Average assets under management $ 160,232 $ 139,321 $ 141,516 (1) Net client cash flows excludes Artisan Funds’ income and capital gain distributions that were not reinvested by fund shareholders.
The amount and composition of our AUM are, and will continue to be, influenced by a variety of factors including, among others: • investment performance, including fluctuations in financial markets and foreign currency exchange rates and the quality of our investment decisions, as assessed relative to applicable third-party benchmarks and peer groups, as appropriate; • flows of client assets into and out of our various strategies and investment vehicles; • our decision to close strategies or limit the growth of assets in a strategy or a vehicle when we believe it is in the best interest of our clients, as well as our decision to re-open strategies, in part or entirely; • our ability to attract and retain qualified investment, management, and marketing and client service professionals; • industry trends towards products, strategies, vehicles or services that we do not offer; • competitive conditions in the investment management and broader financial services sectors; and • investor sentiment and confidence. 35 Table of Contents The table below sets forth changes in our total AUM: For the Years Ended December 31, 2025 2024 2023 (unaudited; dollars in millions) Beginning assets under management $ 161,208 $ 150,167 $ 127,892 Gross client cash inflows 27,034 25,650 21,395 Gross client cash outflows (39,696) (29,349) (25,471) Net client cash flows (1) (12,662) (3,699) (4,076) Artisan Funds’ distributions not reinvested (1,982) (1,193) (684) Investment returns and other (2) 33,364 15,933 27,035 Ending assets under management $ 179,928 $ 161,208 $ 150,167 Average assets under management $ 173,004 $ 160,232 $ 139,321 (1) Net client cash flows excludes Artisan Funds’ income and capital gain distributions that were not reinvested by fund shareholders.
Financial highlights for 2024 included the following: • During the year ended December 31, 2024, our AUM increased to $161.2 billion, an increase of $11.0 billion, or 7%, compared to $150.2 billion at December 31, 2023, as a result of $15.9 billion of market appreciation, partially offset by $3.7 billion of net client cash outflows, and $1.2 billion of Artisan Funds’ distributions that were not reinvested by fund shareholders. • Average AUM for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $160.2 billion, an increase of 15.0% from the average of $139.3 billion for the year ended December 31, 2023. • We earned $1,111.8 million in revenue for the year ended December 31, 2024, a 14.0% increase from revenues of $975.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. • Our GAAP operating margin was 33.0% in 2024, compared to 31.1% in 2023.
Financial highlights for 2025 included the following: • During the year ended December 31, 2025, our AUM increased to $179.9 billion, an increase of $18.7 billion, or 12%, compared to $161.2 billion at December 31, 2024, as a result of $33.4 billion of market appreciation, partially offset by $12.7 billion of net client cash outflows, and $2.0 billion of Artisan Funds’ distributions that were not reinvested by fund shareholders. • Average AUM for the year ended December 31, 2025 was $173.0 billion, an increase of 8.0% from the average of $160.2 billion for the year ended December 31, 2024. • We earned $1,196.7 million in revenue for the year ended December 31, 2025, a 7.6% increase from revenues of $1,111.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. • Our GAAP operating margin was 33.4% in 2025, compared to 33.0% in 2024.
Investment advisory fees, which are comprised of management fees and performance fees (including incentive allocations), fluctuate based on a number of factors, including the total value of our AUM, the composition of AUM among investment vehicles and investment strategies, changes in the fee rates on our products, the extent to which we enter into fee arrangements that differ from our standard fee schedules, which can be affected by custom and the competitive landscape in the relevant market, and, for the accounts on which we earn performance fees, the investment performance of those accounts.
Investment advisory fees, which are comprised of management fees and performance fees (including incentive allocations), fluctuate based on a number of factors, including the total value of our AUM, the composition of AUM among investment vehicles and investment strategies, changes in the fee rates on our products, the extent to which we enter into fee arrangements that differ from our standard fee schedules, which can be affected by custom and the competitive landscape in the relevant market, and, for the accounts on which we earn performance fees, the investment performance of those accounts. 43 Table of Contents The different fee structures associated with Artisan Funds, Artisan Global Funds and separate accounts and other pooled vehicles, and the different fee schedules applicable to each of our investment strategies, make the composition of our AUM an important determinant of the investment advisory fees we earn.
See Note 12, “Earnings Per Share” in the Notes to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this report for further discussion of earnings per share. 50 Table of Contents Year Ended December 31, 2023, Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2022 For the Years Ended December 31, For the Period-to-Period 2023 2022 $ % Statements of operations data: (in millions, except share and per-share data) Revenues Management fees $ 970.8 $ 992.7 $ (21.9) (2) % Performance fees 4.3 0.6 3.7 617 % Total revenues 975.1 993.3 (18.2) (2) % Operating Expenses Total compensation and benefits 529.4 510.4 19.0 4 % Other operating expenses 142.1 138.8 3.3 2 % Total operating expenses 671.5 649.2 22.3 3 % Total operating income 303.6 344.1 (40.5) (12) % Non-operating income (expense) Interest expense (8.6) (9.9) 1.3 13 % Other non-operating income 88.7 (22.4) 111.1 496 % Total non-operating income (expense) 80.1 (32.3) 112.4 348 % Income before income taxes 383.7 311.8 71.9 23 % Provision for income taxes 71.9 63.4 8.5 13 % Net income before noncontrolling interests 311.8 248.4 63.4 26 % Less: Noncontrolling interests - Artisan Partners Holdings 49.5 49.1 0.4 1 % Less: Noncontrolling interests - consolidated investment products 40.0 (7.5) 47.5 633 % Net income attributable to Artisan Partners Asset Management Inc. $ 222.3 $ 206.8 $ 15.5 7 % Share Data Basic earnings per share $ 3.19 $ 2.94 Diluted earnings per share $ 3.19 $ 2.94 Basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding 63,451,932 62,475,960 Diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding 63,486,479 62,498,509 A detailed discussion of the year-over-year results for the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, can be found in “Item 7—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on February 22, 2024. 51 Table of Contents Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information Our management uses non-GAAP measures (referred to as “adjusted” measures) of net income to evaluate the profitability and efficiency of the underlying operations of our business and as a factor when considering net income available for distributions and dividends.
See Note 12, “Earnings Per Share” in the Notes to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this report for further discussion of earnings per share. 50 Table of Contents Year Ended December 31, 2024, Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2023 For the Years Ended December 31, For the Period-to-Period 2024 2023 $ % Statements of operations data: (in millions, except share and per-share data) Revenues Management fees $ 1,097.0 $ 970.8 $ 126.2 13 % Performance fees 14.8 4.3 10.5 244 % Total revenues 1,111.8 975.1 136.7 14 % Operating Expenses Total compensation and benefits 594.1 529.4 64.7 12 % Other operating expenses 151.1 142.1 9.0 6 % Total operating expenses 745.2 671.5 73.7 11 % Total operating income 366.6 303.6 63.0 21 % Non-operating income (expense) Interest expense (8.6) (8.6) — — % Other non-operating income 82.6 88.7 (6.1) (7) % Total non-operating income (expense) 74.0 80.1 (6.1) (8) % Income before income taxes 440.6 383.7 56.9 15 % Provision for income taxes 90.9 71.9 19.0 26 % Net income before noncontrolling interests 349.7 311.8 37.9 12 % Less: Noncontrolling interests - Artisan Partners Holdings 52.9 49.5 3.4 7 % Less: Noncontrolling interests - consolidated investment products 37.1 40.0 (2.9) (7) % Net income attributable to Artisan Partners Asset Management Inc. $ 259.7 $ 222.3 $ 37.4 17 % Share Data Basic earnings per share $ 3.66 $ 3.19 Diluted earnings per share $ 3.66 $ 3.19 Basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding 64,900,228 63,451,932 Diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding 64,939,183 63,486,479 A detailed discussion of the year-over-year results for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, can be found in “Item 7—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on February 25, 2025. 51 Table of Contents Supplemental Non-GAAP Financial Information Our management uses non-GAAP measures (referred to as “adjusted” measures) of net income to evaluate the profitability and efficiency of the underlying operations of our business and as a factor when considering net income available for distributions and dividends.
Distributions and Dividends Artisan Partners Holdings’ distributions, including distributions to APAM, for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows: For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Holdings Partnership Distributions to Limited Partners $ 48.9 $ 44.7 Holdings Partnership Distributions to APAM 305.9 248.3 Total Holdings Partnership Distributions $ 354.8 $ 293.0 APAM, acting as the general partner of Artisan Partners Holdings, declared, effective February 4, 2025, a distribution of $41.3 million, payable by Artisan Partners Holdings on February 21, 2025 to holders of its partnership units, including APAM.
Distributions and Dividends Artisan Partners Holdings’ distributions, including distributions to APAM, for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows: For the Years Ended December 31, 2025 2024 (in millions) Holdings Partnership Distributions to Limited Partners $ 56.2 $ 48.9 Holdings Partnership Distributions to APAM 363.1 305.9 Total Holdings Partnership Distributions $ 419.3 $ 354.8 APAM, acting as the general partner of Artisan Partners Holdings, declared, effective February 3, 2026, a distribution of $47.8 million, payable by Artisan Partners Holdings on February 20, 2026 to holders of its partnership units, including APAM.
As of the date of this filing, unvested equity awards consist of the following number of shares by vesting condition: Service Only Service & Performance Conditions Service & Market Conditions Total Standard Pro Rata 5-Year Vesting 941,746 — — 941,746 Qualified Retirement 2,961,290 1,531,526 38,985 4,531,801 Total Unvested 3,903,036 1,531,526 38,985 5,473,547 Including the long-term incentive award approved in the first quarter of 2025, total unrecognized long-term incentive compensation expense (including both equity grants and franchise capital awards) is $211.1 million.
As of the date of this filing, unvested equity awards consist of the following number of shares by vesting condition: Service Only Service & Performance Conditions Service & Market Conditions Total Standard Pro Rata 5-Year Vesting 891,320 — — 891,320 Qualified Retirement 2,735,125 1,550,911 38,985 4,325,021 Total Unvested 3,626,445 1,550,911 38,985 5,216,341 Including the long-term incentive award approved in the first quarter of 2026, total unrecognized long-term incentive compensation expense (including both equity grants and franchise capital awards) is $235.4 million.
(4) Net transfers represents certain amounts that we have identified as having been transferred out of one investment strategy, investment vehicle or account and into another strategy, vehicle or account. 41 Table of Contents The following table sets forth our AUM by asset class: Year Ended Equity (1) Fixed Income (2) Alternative (3) Total December 31, 2024 (unaudited; in millions) Beginning assets under management $ 137,368 $ 10,009 $ 2,790 $ 150,167 Gross client cash inflows 18,708 6,067 875 25,650 Gross client cash outflows (25,548) (2,793) (1,008) (29,349) Net client cash flows (4) (6,840) 3,274 (133) (3,699) Artisan Funds' distributions not reinvested (5) (786) (360) (47) (1,193) Investment returns and other 14,227 954 752 15,933 Ending assets under management $ 143,969 $ 13,877 $ 3,362 $ 161,208 Average assets under management $ 145,000 $ 11,954 $ 3,278 $ 160,232 December 31, 2023 Beginning assets under management $ 116,832 $ 7,059 $ 4,001 $ 127,892 Gross client cash inflows 16,671 4,046 678 21,395 Gross client cash outflows (21,072) (2,059) (2,340) (25,471) Net client cash flows (4) (4,401) 1,987 (1,662) (4,076) Artisan Funds' distributions not reinvested (5) (414) (270) — (684) Investment returns and other 25,351 1,233 451 27,035 Ending assets under management $ 137,368 $ 10,009 $ 2,790 $ 150,167 Average assets under management $ 127,390 $ 8,440 $ 3,491 $ 139,321 December 31, 2022 Beginning assets under management $ 161,083 $ 8,037 $ 5,634 $ 174,754 Gross client cash inflows 23,064 3,038 1,125 27,227 Gross client cash outflows (32,714) (3,020) (1,306) (37,040) Net client cash flows (4) (9,650) 18 (181) (9,813) Artisan Funds' distributions not reinvested (5) (283) (209) (5) (497) Investment returns and other (34,318) (787) (1,447) (36,552) Ending assets under management $ 116,832 $ 7,059 $ 4,001 $ 127,892 Average assets under management $ 129,387 $ 7,443 $ 4,686 $ 141,516 (1) Equity includes the following investment strategies: Mid-Cap Growth, Small-Cap Growth, Mid-Cap Value, Non-U.S.
(3) Net transfers represents certain amounts that we have identified as having been transferred out of one investment strategy, investment vehicle or account and into another strategy, vehicle or account. 41 Table of Contents The following table sets forth our AUM by asset class: Years Ended Equity (1) Credit (2) Alternative (3) Total December 31, 2025 (unaudited; in millions) Beginning assets under management $ 143,969 $ 13,877 $ 3,362 $ 161,208 Gross client cash inflows 20,365 5,376 1,293 27,034 Gross client cash outflows (35,996) (2,535) (1,165) (39,696) Net client cash flows (4) (15,631) 2,841 128 (12,662) Artisan Funds' distributions not reinvested (1,573) (379) (30) (1,982) Investment returns and other 31,253 1,538 573 33,364 Ending assets under management $ 158,018 $ 17,877 $ 4,033 $ 179,928 Average assets under management $ 153,594 $ 15,643 $ 3,767 $ 173,004 December 31, 2024 Beginning assets under management $ 137,368 $ 10,009 $ 2,790 $ 150,167 Gross client cash inflows 18,708 6,067 875 25,650 Gross client cash outflows (25,548) (2,793) (1,008) (29,349) Net client cash flows (4) (6,840) 3,274 (133) (3,699) Artisan Funds' distributions not reinvested (786) (360) (47) (1,193) Investment returns and other 14,227 954 752 15,933 Ending assets under management $ 143,969 $ 13,877 $ 3,362 $ 161,208 Average assets under management $ 145,000 $ 11,954 $ 3,278 $ 160,232 December 31, 2023 Beginning assets under management $ 116,832 $ 7,059 $ 4,001 $ 127,892 Gross client cash inflows 16,671 4,046 678 21,395 Gross client cash outflows (21,072) (2,059) (2,340) (25,471) Net client cash flows (4) (4,401) 1,987 (1,662) (4,076) Artisan Funds' distributions not reinvested (414) (270) — (684) Investment returns and other 25,351 1,233 451 27,035 Ending assets under management $ 137,368 $ 10,009 $ 2,790 $ 150,167 Average assets under management $ 127,390 $ 8,440 $ 3,491 $ 139,321 (1) Equity includes the following investment strategies: U.S.
Value Int’l Value Group Global Value SEM Credit Developing World Antero Peak Group Int’l Small-Mid EMsights Capital Group Total December 31, 2024 (unaudited; in millions) Beginning assets under management $ 38,546 $ 13,725 $ 7,057 $ 41,009 $ 25,670 $ 917 $ 9,683 $ 3,453 $ 2,101 $ 7,151 $ 855 $ 150,167 Gross client cash inflows 4,256 519 655 7,250 3,507 1,094 4,419 558 489 882 2,021 25,650 Gross client cash outflows (9,652) (2,685) (804) (6,238) (3,254) (552) (2,745) (887) (957) (1,494) (81) (29,349) Net client cash flows (2) (5,396) (2,166) (149) 1,012 253 542 1,674 (329) (468) (612) 1,940 (3,699) Artisan Funds’ distributions not reinvested (3) (112) (109) (11) (507) (31) — (360) — (46) (16) (1) (1,193) Investment returns and other 5,407 1,484 700 2,781 2,787 93 945 976 624 21 115 15,933 Ending assets under management $ 38,445 $ 12,934 $ 7,597 $ 44,295 $ 28,679 $ 1,552 $ 11,942 $ 4,100 $ 2,211 $ 6,544 $ 2,909 $ 161,208 Average assets under management $ 39,403 $ 13,688 $ 7,454 $ 44,170 $ 28,029 $ 1,414 $ 11,040 $ 3,917 $ 2,282 $ 7,096 $ 1,739 $ 160,232 December 31, 2023 Beginning assets under management $ 33,977 $ 13,871 $ 6,088 $ 30,210 $ 21,767 $ 873 $ 7,140 $ 3,466 $ 3,676 $ 6,752 $ 72 $ 127,892 Gross client cash inflows 3,730 764 452 8,190 2,092 138 3,623 585 342 722 757 21,395 Gross client cash outflows (6,570) (2,759) (762) (4,415) (3,755) (236) (2,063) (1,513) (2,331) (1,063) (4) (25,471) Net client cash flows (2) (2,840) (1,995) (310) 3,775 (1,663) (98) 1,560 (928) (1,989) (341) 753 (4,076) Artisan Funds’ distributions not reinvested (3) (11) (26) (36) (325) (15) — (270) — — (1) — (684) Investment returns and other 7,420 1,875 1,315 7,349 5,581 142 1,253 915 414 741 30 27,035 Ending assets under management $ 38,546 $ 13,725 $ 7,057 $ 41,009 $ 25,670 $ 917 $ 9,683 $ 3,453 $ 2,101 $ 7,151 $ 855 $ 150,167 Average assets under management $ 36,541 $ 13,849 $ 6,514 $ 35,990 $ 23,332 $ 874 $ 8,328 $ 3,512 $ 3,041 $ 6,949 $ 391 $ 139,321 December 31, 2022 Beginning assets under management $ 52,434 $ 23,581 $ 8,053 $ 31,816 $ 26,744 $ 1,173 $ 8,157 $ 8,102 $ 5,277 $ 9,417 $ — $ 174,754 Gross client cash inflows 7,069 1,385 544 7,560 2,759 293 3,021 1,599 1,064 1,867 66 27,227 Gross client cash outflows (8,579) (6,432) (1,617) (6,617) (4,003) (226) (3,033) (2,998) (1,286) (2,249) — (37,040) Net client cash flows (2) (1,510) (5,047) (1,073) 943 (1,244) 67 (12) (1,399) (222) (382) 66 (9,813) Artisan Funds’ distributions not reinvested (3) (5) (34) (47) (173) (16) — (209) (7) (5) (1) — (497) Investment returns and other (16,942) (4,629) (845) (2,376) (3,717) (367) (796) (3,230) (1,374) (2,282) 6 (36,552) Ending assets under management $ 33,977 $ 13,871 $ 6,088 $ 30,210 $ 21,767 $ 873 $ 7,140 $ 3,466 $ 3,676 $ 6,752 $ 72 $ 127,892 Average assets under management (4) $ 38,565 $ 16,722 $ 7,146 $ 30,406 $ 23,574 $ 996 $ 7,548 $ 4,872 $ 4,350 $ 7,297 $ 53 $ 141,516 (1) Effective March 31, 2024, the International Small-Mid team, managing the Non-U.S.
Value Int’l Value Group Global Value SEM Credit Developing World Antero Peak Group Int’l Small-Mid EMsights Capital Group Total December 31, 2025 (unaudited; in millions) Beginning assets under management $ 38,445 $ 12,934 $ 7,597 $ 44,295 $ 28,679 $ 1,552 $ 11,942 $ 4,100 $ 2,211 $ 6,544 $ 2,909 $ 161,208 Gross client cash inflows 3,673 1,380 744 8,728 3,780 630 4,814 828 491 642 1,324 27,034 Gross client cash outflows (14,698) (2,668) (1,200) (8,232) (4,904) (332) (2,376) (972) (668) (3,174) (472) (39,696) Net client cash flows (2) (11,025) (1,288) (456) 496 (1,124) 298 2,438 (144) (177) (2,532) 852 (12,662) Artisan Funds’ distributions not reinvested (83) (271) (16) (1,110) (39) (2) (377) — (23) (52) (9) (1,982) Investment returns and other 3,922 4,532 755 10,329 9,748 689 1,048 327 435 953 626 33,364 Ending assets under management $ 31,259 $ 15,907 $ 7,880 $ 54,010 $ 37,264 $ 2,537 $ 15,051 $ 4,283 $ 2,446 $ 4,913 $ 4,378 $ 179,928 Average assets under management $ 36,189 $ 14,774 $ 7,635 $ 50,186 $ 32,802 $ 2,001 $ 13,239 $ 4,571 $ 2,388 $ 5,532 $ 3,687 $ 173,004 December 31, 2024 Beginning assets under management $ 38,546 $ 13,725 $ 7,057 $ 41,009 $ 25,670 $ 917 $ 9,683 $ 3,453 $ 2,101 $ 7,151 $ 855 $ 150,167 Gross client cash inflows 4,256 519 655 7,250 3,507 1,094 4,419 558 489 882 2,021 25,650 Gross client cash outflows (9,652) (2,685) (804) (6,238) (3,254) (552) (2,745) (887) (957) (1,494) (81) (29,349) Net client cash flows (2) (5,396) (2,166) (149) 1,012 253 542 1,674 (329) (468) (612) 1,940 (3,699) Artisan Funds’ distributions not reinvested (112) (109) (11) (507) (31) — (360) — (46) (16) (1) (1,193) Investment returns and other 5,407 1,484 700 2,781 2,787 93 945 976 624 21 115 15,933 Ending assets under management $ 38,445 $ 12,934 $ 7,597 $ 44,295 $ 28,679 $ 1,552 $ 11,942 $ 4,100 $ 2,211 $ 6,544 $ 2,909 $ 161,208 Average assets under management $ 39,403 $ 13,688 $ 7,454 $ 44,170 $ 28,029 $ 1,414 $ 11,040 $ 3,917 $ 2,282 $ 7,096 $ 1,739 $ 160,232 December 31, 2023 Beginning assets under management $ 33,977 $ 13,871 $ 6,088 $ 30,210 $ 21,767 $ 873 $ 7,140 $ 3,466 $ 3,676 $ 6,752 $ 72 $ 127,892 Gross client cash inflows 3,730 764 452 8,190 2,092 138 3,623 585 342 722 757 21,395 Gross client cash outflows (6,570) (2,759) (762) (4,415) (3,755) (236) (2,063) (1,513) (2,331) (1,063) (4) (25,471) Net client cash flows (2) (2,840) (1,995) (310) 3,775 (1,663) (98) 1,560 (928) (1,989) (341) 753 (4,076) Artisan Funds’ distributions not reinvested (11) (26) (36) (325) (15) — (270) — — (1) — (684) Investment returns and other 7,420 1,875 1,315 7,349 5,581 142 1,253 915 414 741 30 27,035 Ending assets under management $ 38,546 $ 13,725 $ 7,057 $ 41,009 $ 25,670 $ 917 $ 9,683 $ 3,453 $ 2,101 $ 7,151 $ 855 $ 150,167 Average assets under management $ 36,541 $ 13,849 $ 6,514 $ 35,990 $ 23,332 $ 874 $ 8,328 $ 3,512 $ 3,041 $ 6,949 $ 391 $ 139,321 (1) Effective March 31, 2024, the International Small-Mid team, managing the Non-U.S.
Across our institutional, intermediary and retail channels, we generally consider approximately 59% of our AUM as of December 31, 2024 to be attributed to intermediated wealth clients. 40 Table of Contents The following tables set forth the changes in our AUM by vehicle type: Year Ended Artisan Funds & Artisan Global Funds Separate Accounts and Other (1) Total December 31, 2024 (unaudited; in millions) Beginning assets under management $ 72,763 $ 77,404 $ 150,167 Gross client cash inflows 16,486 9,164 25,650 Gross client cash outflows (17,297) (12,052) (29,349) Net client cash flows (2) (811) (2,888) (3,699) Artisan Funds’ distributions not reinvested (3) (1,193) — (1,193) Investment returns and other 6,901 9,032 15,933 Net transfers (4) (46) 46 — Ending assets under management $ 77,614 $ 83,594 $ 161,208 Average assets under management $ 77,518 $ 82,714 $ 160,232 December 31, 2023 Beginning assets under management $ 60,811 $ 67,081 $ 127,892 Gross client cash inflows 15,138 6,257 21,395 Gross client cash outflows (15,079) (10,392) (25,471) Net client cash flows (2) 59 (4,135) (4,076) Artisan Funds’ distributions not reinvested (3) (684) — (684) Investment returns and other 12,592 14,443 27,035 Net transfers (4) (15) 15 — Ending assets under management $ 72,763 $ 77,404 $ 150,167 Average assets under management $ 67,412 $ 71,909 $ 139,321 December 31, 2022 Beginning assets under management $ 84,363 $ 90,391 $ 174,754 Gross client cash inflows 18,632 8,595 27,227 Gross client cash outflows (24,552) (12,488) (37,040) Net client cash flows (2) (5,920) (3,893) (9,813) Artisan Funds’ distributions not reinvested (3) (497) — (497) Investment returns and other (16,834) (19,718) (36,552) Net transfers (4) (301) 301 — Ending assets under management $ 60,811 $ 67,081 $ 127,892 Average assets under management $ 68,080 $ 73,436 $ 141,516 (1) Separate accounts and other consists of AUM we manage in or through vehicles other than Artisan Funds or Artisan Global Funds.
Our institutional channel includes AUM sourced from defined contribution plan clients, which made up approximately 7% of our total AUM as of December 31, 2025. 40 Table of Contents The following tables set forth the changes in our AUM by vehicle type: Year Ended Artisan Funds and Artisan Global Funds Separate Accounts and Other (1) Total December 31, 2025 (unaudited; in millions) Beginning assets under management $ 77,614 $ 83,594 $ 161,208 Gross client cash inflows 19,285 7,749 27,034 Gross client cash outflows (22,447) (17,249) (39,696) Net client cash flows (2) (3,162) (9,500) (12,662) Artisan Funds’ distributions not reinvested (1,982) — (1,982) Investment returns and other 15,360 18,004 33,364 Net transfers (3) 45 (45) — Ending assets under management $ 87,875 $ 92,053 $ 179,928 Average assets under management $ 84,106 $ 88,898 $ 173,004 December 31, 2024 Beginning assets under management $ 72,763 $ 77,404 $ 150,167 Gross client cash inflows 16,486 9,164 25,650 Gross client cash outflows (17,297) (12,052) (29,349) Net client cash flows (2) (811) (2,888) (3,699) Artisan Funds’ distributions not reinvested (1,193) — (1,193) Investment returns and other 6,901 9,032 15,933 Net transfers (3) (46) 46 — Ending assets under management $ 77,614 $ 83,594 $ 161,208 Average assets under management $ 77,518 $ 82,714 $ 160,232 December 31, 2023 Beginning assets under management $ 60,811 $ 67,081 $ 127,892 Gross client cash inflows 15,138 6,257 21,395 Gross client cash outflows (15,079) (10,392) (25,471) Net client cash flows (2) 59 (4,135) (4,076) Artisan Funds’ distributions not reinvested (684) — (684) Investment returns and other 12,592 14,443 27,035 Net transfers (3) (15) 15 — Ending assets under management $ 72,763 $ 77,404 $ 150,167 Average assets under management $ 67,412 $ 71,909 $ 139,321 (1) Separate accounts and other consists of AUM we manage in or through vehicles other than Artisan Funds or Artisan Global Funds.
Other operating expenses Other operating expenses increased $9.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, due to increases in third-party distribution expense as a result of an increase in AUM subject to those fees, an increase in occupancy-related charges resulting from abandonment charges in 2024, as well as an increase in travel expense. 49 Table of Contents Non-Operating Income (Expense) Non-operating income (expense) consisted of the following: For the Years Ended December 31, Period-to-Period 2024 2023 $ % (in millions) Interest expense $ (8.6) $ (8.6) $ — — % Interest income on cash and cash equivalents and other 9.6 6.3 3.3 52 % Net investment gain (loss) of consolidated investment products 52.0 62.7 (10.7) (17) % Net gain (loss) on the tax receivable agreements (0.5) 0.5 (1.0) (200) % Net investment gain (loss) on nonconsolidated seed investments 7.0 2.7 4.3 159 % Net investment gain (loss) on nonconsolidated franchise capital investments 14.5 16.5 (2.0) (12) % Total non-operating income (expense) $ 74.0 $ 80.1 $ (6.1) 8 % Net investment gain (loss) of consolidated investment products, net investment gain (loss) on nonconsolidated seed investments, and net investment gain (loss) on franchise capital investments decreased $8.4 million in the aggregate for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, predominantly due to market conditions.
Other operating expenses Other operating expenses decreased $3.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to the year ended December 31, 2024, primarily due to a decrease in general and administrative costs, most notably decreases in travel and entertainment costs, occupancy-related abandonment charges and professional fees. 49 Table of Contents Non-Operating Income (Expense) Non-operating income (expense) consisted of the following: For the Years Ended December 31, Period-to-Period 2025 2024 $ % (in millions) Net investment gain (loss) of consolidated investment products $ 47.4 $ 52.0 $ (4.6) (9) % Net investment gain (loss) on nonconsolidated seed investments 8.7 7.0 1.7 24 % Net investment gain (loss) on nonconsolidated franchise capital investments 32.0 14.5 17.5 121 % Total net investment gain (loss) $ 88.1 $ 73.5 14.6 20 % Interest expense (8.6) (8.6) — — % Interest income on cash and cash equivalents and other 9.4 9.6 (0.2) (2) % Net gain (loss) on the tax receivable agreements 0.6 (0.5) 1.1 220 % Total non-operating income (expense) $ 89.5 $ 74.0 $ 15.5 21 % Net investment gain (loss) of consolidated investment products, net investment gain (loss) on nonconsolidated seed investments and net investment gain (loss) on franchise capital investments increased $14.6 million in aggregate for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to the year ended December 31, 2024, predominantly due to market conditions.
Growth, International Value, Global Opportunities, Global Equity, Value Equity, Global Value, Sustainable Emerging Markets, Global Discovery, Developing World, Non-U.S. Small-Mid Growth, International Explorer, Select Equity, and Value Income. (2) Fixed Income includes the following investment strategies: High Income, Floating Rate, Emerging Markets Debt Opportunities, and Emerging Markets Local Opportunities.
Mid-Cap Growth, U.S. Small-Cap Growth, U.S. Mid-Cap Value, Non-U.S. Growth, International Value, Global Opportunities, Global Equity, Value Equity, Global Value, Sustainable Emerging Markets, Global Discovery, Developing World, Non-U.S. Small-Mid Growth, International Explorer, Select Equity, Value Income and Franchise.