Given the significant investments that we have made in leasehold improvements and other fixed assets of leased hotels, depreciation and amortization expense comprises a significant portion of our cost structure. We believe that EBITDA will provide investors with a useful tool for comparability between periods because it eliminates depreciation and amortization expense attributable to capital expenditures.
Given the significant investments that we have made in leasehold improvements and other fixed assets of leased hotels, depreciation and amortization comprises a significant portion of our cost structure. We believe that EBITDA will provide investors with a useful tool for comparability between periods because it eliminates depreciation and amortization attributable to capital expenditures.
If our subsidiaries incur debt on their own behalf in the future, the instruments governing their debt may restrict their ability to pay dividends to us. 89 Table of Contents In addition, our subsidiaries in China are permitted to pay dividends to us only out of their retained earnings, if any, as determined in accordance with the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprise as promulgated by the Ministry of Finance of the PRC, or the PRC GAAP.
If our subsidiaries incur debt on their own behalf in the future, the instruments governing their debt may restrict their ability to pay dividends to us. 88 Table of Contents In addition, our subsidiaries in China are permitted to pay dividends to us only out of their retained earnings, if any, as determined in accordance with the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprise as promulgated by the Ministry of Finance of the PRC, or the PRC GAAP.
We also provide our franchisees with comprehensive management services, including central reservation, revenue management, sales and marketing support, technology support, quality assurance inspections and other operational support and information. 79 Table of Contents Our franchise and management agreements for our manachised hotels typically run for a fixed term of 8 to 15 years.
We also provide our franchisees with comprehensive management services, including central reservation, revenue management, sales and marketing support, technology support, quality assurance inspections and other operational support and information. 78 Table of Contents Our franchise and management agreements for our manachised hotels typically run for a fixed term of 8 to 15 years.
Share-based compensation expenses were non-deductible expenses in PRC. Therefore, there is no tax impact for share-based compensation expenses adjustment for non-GAAP financial measures. 5.B. Liquidity and Capital Resources Cash Flows and Working Capital Our principal sources of liquidity come from cash generated from operating activities, equity financing and bank loans.
Share-based compensation expenses were nondeductible expenses in PRC. Therefore, there is no tax impact for share-based compensation expenses adjustment for non-GAAP financial measures. 5.B. Liquidity and Capital Resources Cash Flows and Working Capital Our principal sources of liquidity come from cash generated from operating activities, equity financing and bank loans.
In addition to hotel service offerings, we also operate an innovative scenario-based retail business embedded in our hotel rooms as well as through our e-stores. The growth and profitability of this retail business depends on the variety, attractiveness and pricing of our lifestyle products, as well as the development, procurement, sales, transportation and storage expenses.
In addition to hotel service offerings, we also operate an innovative retail business embedded in our hotel rooms as well as through our e-stores. The growth and profitability of this retail business depends on the variety, attractiveness and pricing of our lifestyle products, as well as the development, procurement, sales, transportation and storage expenses.
These costs are relatively fixed. We aim to manage these costs while we increase the revenue of leased hotels. We aim to continue to manage our hotel operating costs as a percentage of our net revenues as we continue to achieve economies of scale and manage our operating costs and expenses through application of technologies. · Other operating costs.
These costs are relatively fixed. We aim to manage these costs while we increase the revenue of leased hotels. We aim to continue to manage our hotel operating costs as a percentage of our net revenues as we continue to achieve economies of scale and manage our operating costs and expenses through application of technologies. ● Retail costs.
Trend Information Other than as disclosed elsewhere in this annual report, we are not aware of any trends, uncertainties, demands, commitments or events for the year ended December 31, 2022 that are reasonably likely to have a material and adverse effect on our net revenues, income, profitability, liquidity or capital resources, or that would cause the disclosed financial information to be not necessarily indicative of future results of operations or financial condition. 90 Table of Contents 5.E.
Trend Information Other than as disclosed elsewhere in this annual report, we are not aware of any trends, uncertainties, demands, commitments or events for the year ended December 31, 2023 that are reasonably likely to have a material and adverse effect on our net revenues, income, profitability, liquidity or capital resources, or that would cause the disclosed financial information to be not necessarily indicative of future results of operations or financial condition. 89 Table of Contents 5.E.
We believe that both management and investors benefit from reviewing these non-GAAP financial measures in assessing our performance and when planning and forecasting future periods. These non-GAAP financial measures also facilitate management’s internal comparisons to our historical performance.
We believe that both management and investors benefit from referring to these non-GAAP financial measures in assessing our performance and when planning and forecasting future periods. These non-GAAP financial measures also facilitate our management’s internal comparisons to our historical performance.
We primarily derive our revenues from (i) franchise and management fees from our manachised hotels and sales of hotel supplies and other products to our manachised hotels, (ii) operations of our leased hotels, and (iii) sales of our retail products in connection with our scenario-based retail business.
We primarily derive our revenues from (i) franchise and management fees from our manachised hotels and sales of hotel supplies and other products to our manachised hotels, (ii) operations of our leased hotels, and (iii) sales of our retail products in connection with our retail business.
As a result, whether we can successfully increase the number of hotels and hotel rooms in our hotel chain is largely affected by our ability to franchise additional hotel properties at desirable locations on commercially favorable terms and to maintain the quality of service at our hotels and the value of our brand. 76 Table of Contents · The fixed-cost nature of our business.
As a result, whether we can successfully increase the number of hotels and hotel rooms in our hotel chain is largely affected by our ability to franchise additional hotel properties at desirable locations on commercially favorable terms and to maintain the quality of service at our hotels and the value of our brand. ● The fixed-cost nature of our hotel business.
We aim to manage the growth rate of these costs while we increase the revenue of manachised hotels through fast expansion in the number of such hotels. · Leased hotel operating costs primarily include rental and utility costs for hotel properties, compensation and benefits for our hotel-based employees, costs of hotel room consumable products and depreciation and amortization of leasehold improvements.
We aim to manage the growth rate of these costs while we increase the revenue of manachised hotels through fast expansion in the number of such hotels. ● Leased hotel operating costs primarily include rental and utility costs for hotel properties, compensation and benefits for our hotel-based employees, costs of hotel room consumable products and depreciation and amortization of leasehold improvements, equipment, fixture and furniture.
Furthermore, we charge our franchisees a fixed monthly hotel managers fee, fees for purchase of hotel supplies and other products, and other on-going service fees, such as system and accounting support fees. We do not expect any material franchise and management agreements to be terminated in the foreseeable future. · Leased hotels.
Furthermore, we charge our franchisees a fixed monthly hotel managers fee, fees for purchase of hotel supplies and other products, and other ongoing service fees, such as system and accounting support fees. We do not expect any material franchise and management agreements to be terminated in the foreseeable future. ● Leased hotels.
The rent is generally paid upfront at the beginning of each payment period and we recognize the total rental expense on a straight-line basis over the initial lease term. · Retail revenues and others.
The rent is generally paid upfront at the beginning of each payment period and we recognize the total rental expense on a straight-line basis over the initial lease term. ● Retail.
In 2020, 2021 and 2022, we did not transfer any cash proceeds to any of our PRC subsidiaries except for the cash transfers within our Group in connection with our restructuring in 2021 for our initial public offering.
In 2021, 2022 and 2023, we did not transfer any cash proceeds to any of our PRC subsidiaries except for the cash transfers within our Group in connection with our restructuring in 2021 for our initial public offering.
Vice versa, a decrease in our revenues could result in a disproportionately larger decrease in our profits because our operating costs and expenses are unlikely to decrease proportionately. · The proportion of mature hotels in our hotel portfolio. The operation of each hotel typically involves three stages: development, ramp-up and mature operations.
Vice versa, a decrease in our revenues could result in a disproportionately larger decrease in our profits because our operating costs and expenses are unlikely to decrease proportionately. 75 Table of Contents ● The proportion of mature hotels in our hotel portfolio. The operation of each hotel typically involves three stages: development, ramp-up and mature operations.
In addition, these measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures utilized by other companies since such other companies may not calculate these measures in the same manner as we do. A reconciliation of net income which is the most directly comparable U.S.
In addition, these measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures utilized by other companies since such other companies may not calculate these measures in the same manner as we do. 85 Table of Contents A reconciliation of net income which is the most directly comparable U.S.
Besides our hotel operating costs, we also incur other operating costs, primarily costs of our lifestyle products in relation to our retail business. · Selling and marketing expenses.
Our retail costs primarily include cost of our lifestyle products in relation to our retail business. ● Other operating costs. Besides our hotel operating costs and retail costs, we also incur other operating costs. ● Selling and marketing expenses.
Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and benefits for our corporate and regional office and other relevant employees, travel and communication expenses of our general and administrative staff, costs of third-party professional services, and office expenses for corporate and regional offices including depreciation and amortization expense of office equipment. · Technology and development expenses.
Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and benefits for our corporate and regional office and other relevant employees, travel and communication expenses of our general and administrative staff, costs of third-party professional services, allowance expenses for doubtful accounts and office expenses for corporate and regional offices including depreciation and amortization expense of office equipment. ● Technology and development expenses.
We are also responsible for all aspects of hotel operations and management, including hiring, training and supervising the hotel managers and employees required to operate our hotels and purchasing supplies. Our typical lease term ranges from 10 to 20 years. We typically enjoy an initial three to six-month rent-free period.
We are also responsible for all aspects of hotel operations and management, including hiring, training and supervising the hotel managers and employees required to operate our hotels and purchasing supplies. Our typical lease term ranges from 5 to 15 years. We typically enjoy an initial three-to six-month rent-free period.
Besides the revenues discussed above, we also generate a growing portion of revenues from our other business as we continue to diversify our monetization methods and drive customer spending, primarily including our scenario-based retail business.
Besides the revenues discussed above, we also generate a growing portion of revenues from our other business as we continue to diversify our monetization methods and drive customer spending, primarily including our membership business.
For the purposes of impairment testing of long-lived assets of leased hotel, we have concluded that an individual hotel is the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities.
For the purposes of impairment testing of long-lived assets of leased hotel, the Group has concluded that an individual hotel is the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities.
Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) provides meaningful supplemental information regarding our performance by excluding share-based compensation expenses, as the investors can better understand our performance and compare business trends among different reporting periods on a consistent basis excluding share-based compensation expenses which are not expected to result in cash payment.
Adjusted net income and adjusted EBITDA provide meaningful supplemental information regarding our performance by excluding share-based compensation expenses, as the investors can better understand our performance and compare business trends among different reporting periods on a consistent basis excluding share-based compensation expenses which are not expected to result in cash payment.
See Introduction in this annual report for the definition of these metrics and a description of how they are calculated. 75 Table of Contents 5.A.
See Introduction in this annual report for the definition of these metrics and a description of how they are calculated. 5.A.
Our operating costs and expenses consist of costs for hotel operation, other operating costs, selling and marketing expenses, general and administrative expenses, technology and development expenses, and pre-opening expenses.
Our operating costs and expenses consist of hotel operating costs, retail costs, other operating costs, selling and marketing expenses, general and administrative expenses, technology and development expenses, and pre-opening expenses.
Pursuant to the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law, or EIT Law, which became effective on January 1, 2008, a uniform 25% enterprise income tax rate is generally applicable to both foreign-invested enterprises and domestic enterprises, except where a special preferential rate applies.
Pursuant to the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law, or EIT Law, which became effective on January 1, 2008 and was most recently amended on December 29, 2018, a uniform 25% enterprise income tax rate is generally applicable to both foreign-invested enterprises and domestic enterprises, except where a special preferential rate applies.
Outstanding Indebtedness As of December 31, 2022, we had several customary credit facilities with major merchant banks in China under which we could borrow up to RMB400 million during the term of the facilities with maturity dates ranging from June 2023 to September 2023.
Outstanding Indebtedness As of December 31, 2023, we had several customary credit facilities with major merchant banks in China under which we could borrow up to RMB480 million during the term of the facilities with maturity dates ranging from August 2024 to December 2024.
Our PRC subsidiaries did not make any contributions to the enterprise expansion fund or the staff and bonus welfare fund during each period presented. The restricted amounts of our PRC subsidiaries totaled RMB74.6 million and RMB83.9 million (US$12.2 million) as of December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively. See “Item 4. Information on The Company—4.B.
Our PRC subsidiaries did not make any contributions to the enterprise expansion fund or the staff and bonus welfare fund during each period presented. The restricted amounts of our PRC subsidiaries totaled RMB83.9 million and RMB126.3 (US$17.8 million) as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively. See “Item 4. Information on The Company-4.B.
A significant portion of our operating costs and expenses, including rent and base salary, is relatively fixed. As a result, an increase in our revenues achieved through higher RevPAR generally will result in higher profitability.
A significant portion of our operating costs and expenses associated with our hotel operations and franchise model, including rent and base salary, is relatively fixed. As a result, an increase in our revenues achieved through higher RevPAR generally will result in higher profitability of our hotel business.
Key Components of Results of Operations Our financial key performance indicators consist of our net revenues, operating costs and expenses, EBITDA (non-GAAP) and adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) which are discussed in more detail in the following paragraphs. Net revenues.
Key Components of Results of Operations Our financial key performance indicators consist of our net revenues, operating costs and expenses, EBITDA (non-GAAP) and adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) which are discussed in more detail in the following paragraphs and in “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects-5.A. Operating Results-Non-GAAP Financial Measures.” Net revenues.
Each of these items should also be considered in the overall evaluation of our results. We compensate for these limitations by providing reconciliations of the relevant non-GAAP financial measures to the U.S. GAAP financial measures and in its consolidated financial statements, all of which should be considered when evaluating our performance.
We compensate for these limitations by providing the relevant disclosure of the relevant items both in its reconciliations to the U.S. GAAP financial measures and in our consolidated financial statements, all of which should be considered when evaluating our performance.
As a result, our ability to pay dividends and to service any debt we may incur overseas largely depends upon dividends paid by our subsidiaries.
For example, our ability to pay dividends and to service any debt we may incur overseas largely depends upon dividends paid by our subsidiaries.
Similarly, the total number of our hotel rooms increased from 66,618 as of December 31, 2020 to 86,654 as of December 31, 2021, and further to 107,998 as of December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2022, there were 932 hotels in our nationwide network, with a total of 107,998 hotel rooms.
Similarly, the total number of our hotel rooms increased from 86,654 as of December 31, 2021 to 107,998 as of December 31, 2022, and further to 137,921 as of December 31, 2023. As of December 31, 2023, there were 1,210 hotels in our nationwide network, with a total of 137,921 hotel rooms.
As we continue to scale our presence by leveraging our strong brand reputation, the total number of our hotels increased from 570 as of December 31, 2020 to 745 as of December 31, 2021, and further to 932 as of December 31, 2022.
Increase in total hotels and hotel rooms. As we continue to scale our presence by leveraging our strong brand reputation, the total number of our hotels increased from 745 as of December 31, 2021 to 932 as of December 31, 2022, and further to 1,210 as of December 31, 2023.
We conduct all of our operations through our subsidiaries in China, in particular, Shanghai Atour Business Management Group Co., Ltd., or Atour Shanghai, and its subsidiaries, and a substantial portion of our assets are located in China.
We conduct all of our operations through our subsidiaries in China, in particular, Shanghai Atour Business Management Group Co., Ltd., or Atour Shanghai, and its subsidiaries, and a substantial portion of our assets are located in China. This holding company structure involves unique risks to investors.
Financing Activities Our financing activities primarily consisted of net proceeds from initial public offering and borrowings from PRC commercial banks and other third parties.
Financing Activities Our financing activities primarily consisted of net proceeds from initial public offering, borrowings from PRC commercial banks and other third parties, proceeds from employee stock option exercise and payment for dividends.
The table below illustrates the number of our hotels in development stage, ramp-up stage and mature operation stage as of the dates indicated. As of As of As of December 31, 2020 (1) December 31, 2021 (1) December 31, 2022 (1) Percentage of Percentage of Percentage of Number total hotels Number of total hotels in Number total hotels in of hotels in the three stages hotels the three stages of hotels the three stages Development stage 288 33.6 % 338 31.2 % 363 28.0 % Ramp-up stage 109 12.7 % 114 10.5 % 124 9.6 % Mature stage 461 53.7 % 631 58.3 % 808 62.4 % Note: (1) Includes 19, 42 and 53 hotels being requisitioned by the government for quarantine needs in response to the COVID-19 outbreak, which were not in operation as of December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022, respectively. · The growth of our A-Card members and their levels of engagement.
The table below illustrates the number of our hotels in development stage, ramp-up stage and mature operation stage as of the dates indicated. As of As of As of December 31, 2021 (1) December 31, 2022 (1) December 31, 2023 Percentage of Percentage of Percentage of Number total hotels Number of total hotels in Number total hotels in of hotels in the three stages hotels the three stages of hotels the three stages Development stage 338 31.2 % 363 28.0 % 617 33.8 % Ramp-up stage 114 10.5 % 124 9.6 % 203 11.1 % Mature stage 631 58.3 % 808 62.4 % 1,007 55.1 % Note: (1) Includes 42 and 53 hotels requisitioned by the government for quarantine needs in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, which were not in operation as of December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively.
In 2020, 2021 and 2022, we generated revenues of RMB926.3 million, RMB1,220.3 million and RMB1,360.8 million (US$197.3 million) from our manachised hotels, respectively which accounted for 59.1%, 56.8% and 60.1% of our net revenues for the relevant years. As of December 31, 2022, we had 363 manachised hotels under development.
In 2021, 2022 and 2023, we generated revenues of RMB1,220.3 million, RMB1,360.8 million and RMB2,705.6 million (US$381.1 million) from our manachised hotels, respectively which accounted for 56.8%, 60.1% and 58.0% of our net revenues for the relevant years. As of December 31, 2023, we had 617 manachised hotels under development.
In 2020, 2021 and 2022, we generated revenues of RMB496.5 million, RMB630.2 million and RMB552.9 million (US$80.2 million) from our leased hotels, respectively, which accounted for 31.7%, 29.4% and 24.5% of our net revenues for the relevant years.
In 2021, 2022 and 2023, we generated revenues of RMB630.2 million, RMB552.9 million and RMB840.0 million (US$118.3 million) from our leased hotels, respectively, which accounted for 29.4%, 24.5% and 18.0% of our net revenues for the relevant years.
Our selling and marketing expenses consist primarily of commissions to travel intermediaries, expenses for marketing programs and materials, and compensation and benefits for our sales and marketing personnel. · General and administrative expenses.
Our selling and marketing expenses consist primarily of advertising and promotion expenses, commissions to travel intermediaries and e-commerce platforms, and compensation and benefits for our sales and marketing personnel. ● General and administrative expenses.
As of December 31, 2022, we had RMB1,589.2 million (US$230.4 million) in cash and cash equivalents. Our cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and liquid investments which have maturities of three months or less when acquired and are unrestricted as to withdrawal or use.
As of December 31, 2023, we had RMB2,840.8 million (US$400.1 million) in cash and cash equivalents. Our cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and liquid investments which have maturities of three months or less when acquired and are unrestricted as to withdrawal or use.
Our technology and development expenses consist of (i) staff costs incurred for the self-developed hotel operation and reservation systems, (ii) servers and cloud infrastructure costs, (iii) other expenses related to technology and development functions.
Our technology and development expenses consist of (i) staff costs incurred for the self-developed hotel operation, reservation systems and other systems related to sales of hotel supplies and retail business, (ii) servers and cloud infrastructure costs, (iii) retail products development costs, (iv) other expenses related to technology and development functions. 80 Table of Contents ● Pre-opening expenses.
We believe that our current cash and anticipated cash flow from operations will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs, including our cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures, for at least the next 12 months.
We expect to incur additional capital expenditures in connection with leasehold improvements of our leased hotels. We believe that our current cash and anticipated cash flow from operations will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs, including our cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures, for at least the next 12 months.
Our hotel operating costs account for a substantial majority of our total operating costs and expenses, which consist of costs and expenses directly attributable to the operation of our leased and manachised hotels. Year ended December 31, 2020 2021 2022 RMB RMB RMB US$ (in thousands) Hotel operating costs Manachised hotels 616,678 795,661 801,910 116,266 Leased hotels 533,423 623,917 591,402 85,745 Total hotel operating costs 1,150,101 1,419,578 1,393,312 202,011 · Manachised hotel operating costs primarily include costs of hotel supplies and other products sold to our manachised hotels as well as compensation and benefits for manachised hotel managers and on-site HR representatives.
Our hotel operating costs account for a substantial majority of our total operating costs and expenses, which consist of costs and expenses directly attributable to the operation of our leased and manachised hotels. Years ended December 31, 2021 2022 2023 RMB RMB RMB US$ (in thousands) Hotel operating costs Manachised hotels 795,661 801,910 1,533,326 215,965 Leased hotels 623,917 591,402 707,564 99,658 Total hotel operating costs 1,419,578 1,393,312 2,240,890 315,623 ● Manachised hotel operating costs primarily include costs of hotel supplies and other products sold to our manachised hotels as well as compensation and benefits for manachised hotel managers and on-site HR representatives.
As of December 31, 2022, we had over 35 million registered individual members. If we are able to further grow the size of our member base and increase customer stickiness of our loyalty program, we will be able to further increase our revenue and reduce our customer acquisition expenses. · The growth and profitability of our scenario-based retail business.
If we are able to further grow the size of our member base and increase customer stickiness of our loyalty program, we will be able to further increase our revenue and reduce our customer acquisition expenses. ● The growth and profitability of our retail business.
Payments of dividends by our intermediary holding company in Hong Kong is not subject to any Hong Kong withholding tax. PRC Our subsidiaries in China are companies incorporated under PRC law and, as such, are subject to PRC enterprise income tax on their taxable income in accordance with the relevant PRC income tax laws.
PRC Our subsidiaries in China are companies incorporated under PRC law and, as such, are subject to PRC enterprise income tax on their taxable income in accordance with the relevant PRC income tax laws.
In 2020, 2021 and 2022, we generated revenues of RMB143.8 million, RMB297.0 million and RMB349.2 million (US$50.6 million) from retail and other business, respectively, which accounted for 9.2%, 13.8% and 15.4% of our net revenues for the relevant years. Operating Costs and Expenses.
In 2021, 2022 and 2023, we generated revenues of RMB105.4 million, RMB95.6 million and RMB148.4 million (US$20.9 million) from other business, respectively, which accounted for 4.9%, 4.2% and 3.2% of our net revenues for the relevant years. Operating Costs and Expenses.
As a result of the foregoing, we had income from operation of RMB196.1 million and RMB165.0 million (US$23.9 million) in 2021 and 2022, respectively. Interest income . Our interest income consists primarily of interest from our bank deposits. Our interest income increased from RMB6.7 million in 2021 to RMB14.5 million (US$2.1 million) in 2022 due to our increased bank deposits.
As a result of the foregoing, we had income from operation of RMB165.0 million and RMB924.0 million (US$130.1 million) in 2022 and 2023, respectively. Interest income. Our interest income consists primarily of interest from our bank deposits.
The following table sets forth the components of our pre-opening expenses for the years indicated. Year ended December 31, 2020 2021 2022 RMB RMB RMB US$ (in thousands) Rental expenses 56,286 11,899 — — Personnel cost 3,877 3,605 — — Others 1,715 2,091 — — Total pre-opening expenses 61,878 17,595 — — EBITDA (non-GAAP) and adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP).
The following table sets forth the components of our pre-opening expenses for the years indicated. Years ended December 31, 2021 2022 2023 RMB RMB RMB US$ (in thousands) Rental expenses 11,899 — — — Personnel cost 3,605 — — — Others 2,091 — — — Total pre-opening expenses 17,595 — — — Taxation Cayman Islands We were incorporated in the Cayman Islands.
Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business and Industry—The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected, and may continue to adversely affect, our financial and operating performance.” Investing Activities Our cash used in investing activities is primarily related to our leasehold improvements and purchase of equipment and fixtures used in leased hotels, and investment in short-term financial products offered by PRC commercial banks.
Investing Activities Our cash used in investing activities is primarily related to our leasehold improvements and purchase of equipment and fixtures used in leased hotels, and investment in short-term financial products offered by PRC commercial banks.
Our business is subject to various compliance and operational requirements under PRC laws. In particular, each of our hotels is required to comply with license requirements and laws and regulations with respect to hospitality industry, internet platform, construction, building, zoning, environmental protection, food safety, public safety, health and sanitary requirements.
In particular, each of our hotels is required to comply with license requirements and laws and regulations with respect to hospitality industry, internet platform, construction, building, zoning, environmental protection, food safety, public safety, health and sanitary requirements. Any changes to the existing laws and regulations in the future may increase our compliance efforts at significant cost. See “Item 3.
The hospitality industry in China is highly competitive. We compete primarily with both domestic and international branded hotel chains and independent hotels. Competition in the hospitality industry is generally focused on hotel room rates, quality of accommodations, brand recognitions, convenience of locations, geographic coverages, quality and range of services, other lifestyle offerings and guest amenities. · Seasonality.
Competition in the hospitality industry is generally focused on hotel room rates, quality of accommodations, brand recognitions, convenience of locations, geographic coverages, quality and range of services, other lifestyle offerings and guest amenities. ● Seasonality. The hospitality industry is subject to fluctuations in revenues due to seasonality.
Capital Expenditures Our capital expenditures were incurred primarily in connection with leasehold improvements, investments in furniture, fixtures and equipment and technology, information and operational software. Our capital expenditures were RMB112.8 million, RMB64.0 million and RMB36.4 million (US$5.3 million) in 2020, 2021 and 2022, respectively.
We did not have material future minimum capital commitments as of December 31, 2023. Capital Expenditures Our capital expenditures were incurred primarily in connection with leasehold improvements, investments in furniture, fixtures and equipment and technology, information and operational software. Our capital expenditures were RMB64.0 million, RMB36.4 million and RMB41.7 million (US$5.9 million) in 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively.
We recorded net cash generated from financing activities of RMB456.3 million (US$66.2 million) in 2022. The increase from 2021 to 2022 was mainly due to the receipt of proceeds from our initial public offering in 2022.
Our net cash generated from investing activities was RMB456.3 million in 2022, compared with RMB161.1 net cash used in investing activities in 2021, primarily due to the receipt of proceeds from our initial public offering in 2022.
As of December 31, 2022, we had a total of 363 manachised hotels with a total of 39,285 rooms under development. As of As of As of December 31, 2020 December 31, 2021 December 31, 2022 Total hotels (1) Manachised hotels 537 712 899 Leased hotels 33 33 33 All hotels 570 745 932 Hotel rooms (1) Manachised hotels 61,782 81,594 102,945 Leased hotels 4,836 5,060 5,053 All hotels 66,618 86,654 107,998 Note: (1) Includes 19, 42 and 53 hotels requisitioned by the government for quarantine needs in response to the COVID-19 outbreak, which were not in operation as of December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022, respectively. Year Ended December 31, 2020 2021 2022 Exclusive of Inclusive of Exclusive of Inclusive of Exclusive of Inclusive of requisitioned requisitioned requisitioned requisitioned requisitioned requisitioned hotels (2) hotels hotels (2) hotels hotels (2) hotels Occupancy rate (in percentage) Manachised hotels 66.9 % 63.2 % 67.4 % 66.8 % 62.9 % 60.6 % Leased hotels 68.6 % 67.6 % 70.8 % 71.1 % 65.8 % 67.2 % All hotels 67.1 % 63.5 % 67.7 % 67.0 % 63.0 % 60.9 % ADR (in RMB) Manachised hotels 382.2 379.2 407.4 405.2 386.4 379.0 Leased hotels 467.7 467.4 517.0 513.3 465.0 463.2 All hotels 389.8 386.8 415.2 412.7 391.2 383.9 RevPAR (in RMB) Manachised hotels 268.9 251.6 288.1 283.7 256.3 243.2 Leased hotels 339.4 334.1 388.1 387.5 330.6 336.9 All hotels 275.1 258.3 294.9 290.5 260.7 248.1 Note: (2) Excludes, for purposes of calculating these key operating metrics, approximately 1,777 thousand, 1,191 thousand and 5,532 thousand room-nights related to hotel rooms that were requisitioned by the government for quarantine needs in response to the COVID-19 pandemic or otherwise became unavailable due to temporary hotel closures in 2020, 2021 and 2022, respectively.
By the end of the second quarter of 2023, all of our manachised hotels previously requisitioned by governmental authorities for quarantine purposes had been restored to our management. Years ended December 31, 2021 2022 2023 Exclusive of Inclusive of Exclusive of Inclusive of Exclusive of Inclusive of requisitioned requisitioned requisitioned requisitioned requisitioned requisitioned hotels (2) hotels hotels (2) hotels hotels (2) hotels Occupancy rate (in percentage) Manachised hotels 67.4 % 66.8 % 62.9 % 60.6 % 77.6 % 77.0 % Leased hotels 70.8 % 71.1 % 65.8 % 67.2 % 83.6 % 83.6 % All hotels 67.7 % 67.0 % 63.0 % 60.9 % 77.8 % 77.3 % ADR (in RMB) Manachised hotels 407.4 405.2 386.4 379.0 457.8 457.8 Leased hotels 517.0 513.3 465.0 463.2 587.2 587.1 All hotels 415.2 412.7 391.2 383.9 463.6 463.5 RevPAR (in RMB) Manachised hotels 288.1 283.7 256.3 243.2 370.8 368.3 Leased hotels 388.1 387.5 330.6 336.9 517.2 517.1 All hotels 294.9 290.5 260.7 248.1 376.8 374.4 Note: (2) Excludes, for purposes of calculating these key operating metrics, approximately 1,191 thousand, 5,532 thousand and 308 thousand room-nights related to hotel rooms that were requisitioned by the government for quarantine needs in response to the COVID-19 pandemic or otherwise became unavailable due to temporary hotel closures in 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively.
Generally-Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”), we use the following non-GAAP financial measures: adjusted net income/(loss), which is defined as net income/(loss) excluding share-based compensation expenses; EBITDA, which is defined as earnings before interest expenses, interest income, income tax expense and depreciation and amortization; and adjusted EBITDA, which is defined as EBITDA excluding share-based compensation expenses.
Securities and Exchange Commission: adjusted net income (loss), which is defined as net income (loss) excluding share-based compensation expenses; EBITDA, which is defined as earnings before interest expense, interest income, income tax expense and depreciation and amortization; adjusted EBITDA, which is defined as EBITDA excluding share-based compensation expenses.
Generally, the first quarter, in which both the New Year and Spring Festival holidays fall, accounts for a lower percentage of our annual revenues than the other quarters of the year.
The periods during which our properties experience higher revenues vary from property to property, depending principally upon their locations, types of property and competitive mix within the specific locations. Generally, the first quarter, in which both the New Year and Spring Festival holidays fall, accounts for a lower percentage of our annual revenues than the other quarters of the year.
When there were circumstances that require the long-lived assets of a hotel be tested for possible impairment, we first compare undiscounted cash flows generated by the assets to the carrying amount. Estimates of forecasted cash flows involve highly subjective judgement, which incorporate our best estimate of revenue growth.
When there are circumstances that require the long-lived assets of a hotel be tested for possible impairment, the Group first compares undiscounted cash flows generated by the assets to the carrying amount.
Our operating costs and expenses increased by 8.2% from RMB1,973.9 million in 2021 to RMB2,136.1 million (US$309.7 million) in 2022. · Hotel operating costs . Our hotel operating costs decreased by 1.9% from RMB1,419.6 million in 2021 to RMB1,393.3 million (US$202.0 million) in 2022.
Operating Costs and Expenses. Our operating costs and expenses increased by 79.1% from RMB2,136.1 million in 2022 to RMB3,825.1 million (US$538.8 million) in 2023. ● Hotel operating costs . Our hotel operating costs increased by 60.8% from RMB1,393.3 million in 2022 to RMB2,240.9 million (US$315.6 million) in 2023.
Our other operating income primarily consists of income from government subsidies and value-added tax related benefits. Our other operating income increased by 70.3% from RMB22.4 million in 2021 to RMB38.1 million (US$5.5 million) in 2022, primarily due to increased government subsides received by us during this period. Income from operation.
Our other operating income primarily consists of income from government subsidies and value-added tax related benefits. Our other operating income increased by 118.4% from RMB38.1 million in 2022 to RMB83.2 million (US$11.7 million) in 2023. The increases were mainly due to increase of income from government subsidies. Income from operation.
We believe these non-GAAP financial measures are also useful to investors in providing greater transparency with respect to information used regularly by our management in financial and operational decision-making. The use of these non-GAAP financial measures has certain limitations as the excluded items have been and will be incurred and are not reflected in the presentation of these non-GAAP measures.
We believe these non-GAAP financial measures are also useful to investors in allowing for greater transparency with respect to supplemental information used regularly by our management in financial and operational decision-making.
As a commonly used operating measure in the hospitality industry, RevPAR is largely affected by occupancy rate and ADR, as discussed below.
RevPAR is calculated as the total revenue during a period divided by the number of available rooms of such hotel during the same period. As a commonly used operating measure in the hospitality industry, RevPAR is largely affected by occupancy rate and ADR.
Any changes to the existing laws and regulations in the future may increase our compliance efforts at significant cost. See “Item 3. Key Information—3.D. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business and Industry—We are subject to various hospitality industry, health and safety, construction, fire prevention and environmental laws and regulations that may subject us to liability.” · Industry competition.
Key Information—3.D. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business and Industry—We are subject to various hospitality industry, health and safety, construction, fire prevention and environmental laws and regulations that may subject us to liability.” ● Industry competition. The hospitality industry in China is highly competitive. We compete primarily with both domestic and international branded hotel chains and independent hotels.
Material Cash Requirements Our material cash requirements as of December 31, 2022 and any subsequent interim period primarily include our working capital and operating expenditure needs, capital expenditures, contractual obligations and outstanding indebtedness.
Material Cash Requirements Our material cash requirements as of December 31, 2023 and any subsequent interim period primarily include our working capital and operating expenditure needs, capital expenditures, contractual obligations and outstanding indebtedness. 87 Table of Contents Other than the capital expenditures and contractual obligations, as discussed below, we did not have any significant capital and other commitments, long-term obligations or guarantees as of December 31, 2023.
Our net cash used in investing activities decreased from RMB105.5 million in 2020 to RMB42.2 million in 2021, primarily due to the decrease in acquisition of property and equipment of leased hotels. In 2022, our net cash used in investing activities increased to RMB192.2 million (US$27.9 million), primarily due to increase in investment in short-term financial products.
Our net cash used in investing activities increased from RMB42.2 million in 2021 to RMB192.2 million in 2022, primarily due to increase in investment in short-term financial products. Our net cash used in investing activities increased from RMB192.2 million in 2022 to RMB600.5 million (US$84.6 million) in 2023, primarily due to purchases of short-term investments for cash management purposes.
GAAP measure to adjusted net income (non-GAAP), EBITDA (non-GAAP) and adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP), is provided below: Year Ended December 31, 2020 2021 2022 RMB RMB RMB US$ (in thousands) Net income (GAAP) 37,822 139,670 96,082 13,932 Share-based compensation expense, net of tax effect of nil (1) — — 163,193 23,661 Adjusted Net income (Non-GAAP) 37,822 139,670 259,275 37,593 86 Table of Contents Year Ended December 31, 2020 2021 2022 RMB RMB RMB US$ (in thousands) Net income (GAAP) 37,822 139,670 96,082 13,932 Interest expenses 1,481 7,937 6,501 943 Interest income (707) (6,722) (14,456) (2,097) Income tax expense 37,602 64,217 84,474 12,248 Depreciation and amortization 84,955 93,911 88,561 12,840 EBITDA (Non-GAAP) 161,153 299,013 261,162 37,866 Share-based compensation expense, net of tax effect of nil (1) — — 163,193 23,661 Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP) 161,153 299,013 424,355 61,527 Note: (1) The share-based compensation expenses were recorded at entities in PRC.
GAAP measure to adjusted net income (non-GAAP), EBITDA (non-GAAP) and adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP), is provided below: Years ended December 31, 2021 2022 2023 RMB RMB RMB US$ (in thousands) Net income (GAAP) 139,670 96,082 739,057 104,094 Share-based compensation expenses, net of tax effect of nil (1) — 163,193 163,978 23,096 Adjusted Net income (Non-GAAP) 139,670 259,275 903,035 127,190 Years ended December 31, 2021 2022 2023 RMB RMB RMB US$ (in thousands) Net income (GAAP) 139,670 96,082 739,057 104,094 Interest expense 7,937 6,501 5,005 705 Interest income (6,722) (14,456) (29,569) (4,165) Income tax expense 64,217 84,474 243,036 34,231 Depreciation and amortization 93,911 88,561 85,021 11,975 EBITDA (Non-GAAP) 299,013 261,162 1,042,550 146,840 Share-based compensation expenses — 163,193 163,978 23,096 Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP) 299,013 424,355 1,206,528 169,936 Note: (1) The share-based compensation expenses were recorded at entities in PRC.
Risk Factors—Risks Related to Doing Business in China—If we are classified as a PRC resident enterprise for PRC enterprise income tax purposes, such classification could result in unfavorable tax consequences to us and our non-PRC shareholders and ADS holders.” 83 Table of Contents Results of Operations The following table sets forth a summary of our consolidated results of operations, both in absolute amount and as a percentage of net revenues for the years indicated. Year ended December 31, 2020 2021 2022 RMB % RMB % RMB US$ % Revenues: (in thousands except percentage) Manachised hotels 926,307 59.1 1,220,301 56.8 1,360,843 197,304 60.1 Leased hotels 496,470 31.7 630,238 29.4 552,929 80,167 24.5 Retail revenues and others 143,775 9.2 297,038 13.8 349,211 50,631 15.4 Net revenues 1,566,552 100.0 2,147,577 100.0 2,262,983 328,102 100.0 Operating costs and expenses: Hotel operating costs (1,150,101) (73.4) (1,419,578) (66.1) (1,393,312) (202,011) (61.6) Other operating costs (78,746) (5.0) (163,324) (7.6) (186,685) (27,068) (8.2) Selling and marketing expense (70,972) (4.5) (124,210) (5.8) (139,929) (20,288) (6.2) General and administrative expense (131,366) (8.4) (197,064) (9.2) (350,009) (50,746) (15.5) Technology and development expense (33,649) (2.1) (52,121) (2.4) (66,182) (9,594) (2.9) Pre-opening expense (61,878) (3.9) (17,595) (0.8) — — — Total operating costs and expenses (1,526,712) (97.5) (1,973,892) (91.9) (2,136,117) (309,707) (94.4) Other operating income 23,429 1.5 22,371 1.0 38,094 5,523 1.7 Income from operation 63,269 4.0 196,056 9.1 164,960 23,918 7.3 Interest income 707 0.0 6,722 0.3 14,456 2,097 0.6 Gain from short-term investment 11,046 0.7 8,745 0.4 8,455 1,226 0.4 Interest expenses (1,481) (0.1) (7,937) (0.4) (6,501) (943) (0.3) Other income (loss), net 1,883 0.1 301 0.0 (814) (118) (0.0) Income before income tax 75,424 4.8 203,887 9.5 180,556 26,180 8.0 Income tax expense (37,602) (2.4) (64,217) (3.0) (84,474) (12,248) (3.7) Net income 37,822 2.4 139,670 6.5 96,082 13,932 4.2 Less: net loss attributable to non-controlling interests (4,229) (0.3) (5,384) (0.3) (2,017) (291) (0.1) Net income attributable to the Company 42,051 2.7 145,054 6.8 98,099 14,223 4.3 Year Ended December 31, 2022 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2021 Net revenues.
Risk Factors—Risks Related to Doing Business in China—If we are classified as a PRC resident enterprise for PRC enterprise income tax purposes, such classification could result in unfavorable tax consequences to us and our non-PRC shareholders and ADS holders.” 82 Table of Contents Results of Operations The following table sets forth a summary of our consolidated results of operations, both in absolute amount and as a percentage of net revenues for the years indicated. Years ended December 31, 2021 2022 2023 RMB % RMB % RMB US$ % (in thousands except percentage) Revenues: Manachised hotels 1,220,301 56.8 1,360,843 60.1 2,705,609 381,077 58.0 Leased hotels 630,238 29.4 552,929 24.5 840,044 118,318 18.0 Retail 191,596 8.9 253,607 11.2 971,931 136,894 20.8 Others 105,442 4.9 95,604 4.2 148,383 20,899 3.2 Net revenues 2,147,577 100.0 2,262,983 100.0 4,665,967 657,188 100.0 Operating costs and expenses: Hotel operating costs (1,419,578) (66.1) (1,393,312) (61.6) (2,240,890) (315,623) (47.9) Retail costs (121,365) (5.6) (151,815) (6.7) (513,326) (72,300) (11.0) Other operating costs (41,959) (2.0) (34,870) (1.5) (72,543) (10,218) (1.6) Selling and marketing expenses (124,210) (5.8) (139,929) (6.2) (469,595) (66,141) (10.1) General and administrative expenses (197,064) (9.2) (350,009) (15.5) (451,470) (63,588) (9.7) Technology and development expenses (52,121) (2.4) (66,182) (2.9) (77,288) (10,886) (1.7) Pre-opening expenses (17,595) (0.8) — — — — — Total operating costs and expenses (1,973,892) (91.9) (2,136,117) (94.4) (3,825,112) (538,756) (82.0) Other operating income 22,371 1.0 38,094 1.7 83,179 11,716 1.8 Income from operation 196,056 9.1 164,960 7.3 924,034 130,148 19.8 Interest income 6,722 0.3 14,456 0.6 29,569 4,165 0.6 Gain from short-term investments 8,745 0.4 8,455 0.4 34,519 4,862 0.7 Interest expense (7,937) (0.4) (6,501) (0.3) (5,005) (705) (0.1) Other (expenses) income, net 301 0.0 (814) (0.0) (1,024) (145) (0.0) Income before income tax 203,887 9.5 180,556 8.0 982,093 138,325 21.0 Income tax expense (64,217) (3.0) (84,474) (3.7) (243,036) (34,231) (5.2) Net income 139,670 6.5 96,082 4.2 739,057 104,094 15.8 Less: net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests (5,384) (0.3) (2,017) (0.1) 1,920 270 0.0 Net income attributable to the Company 145,054 6.8 98,099 4.3 737,137 103,824 15.8 Year Ended December 31, 2023 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2022 Net revenues.
Joining welcome level is completely free, and it takes six room-nights or 2,800 Jimu points to upgrade to the third tier — gold level. Alternatively, welcome-level guests can also pay RMB199 to upgrade to gold level directly and enjoy the corresponding rewards. Our A-Card members contribute to a significant portion of our revenue. Our member base has been growing rapidly.
Alternatively, welcome-level guests can also pay RMB199 to upgrade to gold level directly and enjoy the corresponding rewards. Our A-Card members contribute to a significant portion of our revenue. Our member base has been growing rapidly. As of December 31, 2023, we had over 63 million registered individual members.
Key Performance Indicators We utilize a set of non-financial and financial key performance indicators which our senior management reviews frequently. The review of these indicators facilitates timely evaluation of the performance of our business and effective communication of results and key decisions, allowing our business to react promptly to changing customer demands and market conditions.
The review of these indicators facilitates timely evaluation of the performance of our business and effective communication of results and key decisions, allowing our business to react promptly to changing customer demands and market conditions. 76 Table of Contents Non-Financial Key Performance Indicators Our non-financial key performance indicators consist of the increase in total number of hotels and hotel rooms in our hotel chain and RevPAR achieved by our hotels.
The following table sets forth the components of our operating costs and expenses, both in absolute amount and as a percentage of net revenues for the years indicated. Year Ended December 31, 2020 2021 2022 RMB % RMB % RMB US$ % (in thousands except percentage) Net Revenues 1,566,552 100.0 2,147,577 100.0 2,262,983 328,102 100.0 Operating costs and expenses: Hotel operating costs 1,150,101 73.4 1,419,578 66.1 1,393,312 202,011 61.6 Other operating costs 78,746 5.0 163,324 7.6 186,685 27,068 8.2 Selling and marketing expenses 70,972 4.5 124,210 5.8 139,929 20,288 6.2 General and administrative expenses 131,366 8.4 197,064 9.2 350,009 50,746 15.5 Technology and development expenses 33,649 2.1 52,121 2.4 66,182 9,594 2.9 Pre-opening expenses 61,878 3.9 17,595 0.8 — — — Total operating costs and expenses 1,526,712 97.5 1,973,892 91.9 2,136,117 309,707 94.4 80 Table of Contents · Hotel operating costs.
The following table sets forth the components of our operating costs and expenses, both in absolute amount and as a percentage of net revenues for the years indicated. Years ended December 31, 2021 2022 2023 RMB % RMB % RMB US$ % (in thousands except percentage) Net Revenues 2,147,577 100.0 2,262,983 100.0 4,665,967 657,188 100.0 Operating costs and expenses: Hotel operating costs 1,419,578 66.1 1,393,312 61.6 2,240,890 315,623 47.9 Retail costs 121,365 5.6 151,815 6.7 513,326 72,300 11.0 Other operating costs 41,959 2.0 34,870 1.5 72,543 10,218 1.6 Selling and marketing expenses 124,210 5.8 139,929 6.2 469,595 66,141 10.1 General and administrative expenses 197,064 9.2 350,009 15.5 451,470 63,588 9.7 Technology and development expenses 52,121 2.4 66,182 2.9 77,288 10,886 1.7 Pre-opening expenses 17,595 0.8 — — — — — Total operating costs and expenses 1,973,892 91.9 2,136,117 94.4 3,825,112 538,756 82.0 79 Table of Contents ● Hotel operating costs.
The increase was primarily driven by the continued expansion of our hotel network, offset by the decrease of ADR due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The total number of our manachised hotels increased from 712 as of December 31,2021 to 899 as of December 31, 2022. · Leased hotels.
The increase was primarily driven by the ongoing expansion of our hotel network and the growth of manachised hotels’ RevPAR. The total number of our manachised hotels increased from 899 as of December 31,2022 to 1,178 as of December 31, 2023.
The following table sets forth the revenues generated from our manachised and leased hotels, and retail business and others, both in absolute amount and as a percentage of net revenues for the years indicated. Year Ended December 31, 2020 2021 2022 RMB % RMB % RMB US$ % (in thousands except percentage) Revenues: Manachised hotels 926,307 59.1 1,220,301 56.8 1,360,843 197,304 60.1 Leased hotels 496,470 31.7 630,238 29.4 552,929 80,167 24.5 Retail revenues and others 143,775 9.2 297,038 13.8 349,211 50,631 15.4 Net revenues 1,566,552 100.0 2,147,577 100.0 2,262,983 328,102 100.0 · Manachised hotels.
The following table sets forth the revenues generated from our manachised and leased hotels, and retail business and others, both in absolute amount and as a percentage of net revenues for the years indicated. Years ended December 31, 2021 2022 2023 RMB % RMB % RMB US$ % (in thousands except percentage) Revenues: Manachised hotels 1,220,301 56.8 1,360,843 60.1 2,705,609 381,077 58.0 Leased hotels 630,238 29.4 552,929 24.5 840,044 118,318 18.0 Retail 191,596 8.9 253,607 11.2 971,931 136,894 20.8 Others 105,442 4.9 95,604 4.2 148,383 20,899 3.2 Net revenues 2,147,577 100.0 2,262,983 100.0 4,665,967 657,188 100.0 ● Manachised hotels.
Our costs and expenses may also be affected by China’s inflation level. Other macro-economic factors beyond our control may also affect our results of operations. For example, any prolonged recurrence of other contagious diseases, social instability or significant natural disasters may have a negative impact on the demand for our hotel offerings. · PRC government policies and regulations.
For example, any prolonged recurrence of other contagious diseases, social instability or significant natural disasters may have a negative impact on the demand for our hotel offerings. 74 Table of Contents ● PRC government policies and regulations. Our business is subject to various compliance and operational requirements under PRC laws.
We are also subject to surcharges on VAT payments in accordance with PRC law. The ultimate shareholders of Atour is Cayman Islands holding company. The direct shareholder of Atour Shanghai, which is a Hong Kong enterprise, may receive dividends from Atour Shanghai.
We are subject to VAT at a rate of 3%, 6%, 9%, or 13% on the services we provide and related surcharges. We are also subject to surcharges on VAT payments in accordance with PRC law. 81 Table of Contents The ultimate shareholders of Atour is Cayman Islands holding company.
Our net revenues increased from RMB2,147.6 million in 2021 to RMB2,263.0 million (US$328.1 million) in 2022, driven by the increase in the revenues from our manachised hotels and retail revenues and others. · Manachised hotels. Revenues from our manachised hotels increased by 11.5% from RMB1,220.3 million in 2021 to RMB1,360.8 million (US$197.3 million) in 2022.
Our net revenues increased from RMB2,263.0 million in 2022 to RMB4,666.0 million (US$657.2 million) in 2023, driven by robust growth in both hotel and retail businesses. ● Manachised hotels. Revenues from our manachised hotels increased by 98.8% from RMB1,360.8 million in 2022 to RMB2,705.6 million (US$381.1 million) in 2023.
We will continue to make capital expenditures to meet the expected growth of our operations and expect cash generated from our operating activities and financing activities will continue to meet our capital expenditure needs in the foreseeable future. 88 Table of Contents Contractual Obligations The following table sets forth our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2022: Payment Due by Period Less More Than 1 – 3 3 – 5 Than Total 1 Year Years Years 5 Years (in RMB thousands) Operating lease obligations 2,510,055 404,020 646,499 565,174 894,362 Our operating lease obligations are primarily related to our obligations under lease agreements with lessors of business offices and certain hotels.
Contractual Obligations The following table sets forth our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2023: Payment Due by Period Less More Than 1 – 3 3 – 5 Than Total 1 Year Years Years 5 Years (in RMB thousands) Operating lease obligations 2,202,333 369,780 592,760 544,445 695,348 Our operating lease obligations are primarily related to our obligations under lease agreements with lessors of business offices and certain hotels.
If we cannot obtain sufficient capital on acceptable terms, our business, financial condition and prospects may suffer.” The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the periods indicated: Year Ended December 31, 2020 2021 2022 RMB RMB RMB US$ (in thousands) Net cash generated from operating activities 118,670 417,879 283,677 41,129 Net cash used in investing activities (105,527) (42,225) (192,225) (27,870) Net cash generated from/ (used in) financing activities 48,011 (161,080) 456,310 66,159 Net increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash 61,154 206,393 550,578 79,826 Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning of the period 771,982 833,136 1,039,529 150,718 Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the period 833,136 1,039,529 1,590,107 230,544 87 Table of Contents Operating Activities With Chinese government's effective control of the pandemic and the recovery of the tourism industry, our hotels resumed operations gradually and our net income increased to RMB139.7 million in 2021, resulting in our net cash generated from operating activities in 2021 reaching RMB417.9 million, represents a 252.1% increase as compared to 2020.
If we cannot obtain sufficient capital on acceptable terms, our business, financial condition and prospects may suffer.” 86 Table of Contents The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the periods indicated: Years ended December 31, 2021 2022 2023 RMB RMB RMB US$ (in thousands) Net cash generated from operating activities 417,879 283,677 1,988,674 280,097 Net cash used in investing activities (42,225) (192,225) (600,521) (84,583) Net cash (used in) generated from financing activities (161,080) 456,310 (146,916) (20,693) Net increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash 206,393 550,578 1,251,646 176,291 Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning of the period 833,136 1,039,529 1,590,107 223,961 Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the period 1,039,529 1,590,107 2,841,753 400,252 Operating Activities Our net cash generated from operating activities decreased from RMB417.9 million in 2021 to RMB283.7 million in 2022, primarily due to accelerated payment to our franchisees by us and the impact of the resurgence of the COVID-19 pandemic in various cities across China during 2022.
As of December 31, 2022, we had outstanding bank loans in an aggregate amount of RMB172.1 million with interest rate ranging from 3.7% to 4.9% per annum. As of December 31, 2022, the unutilized credit facility available was RMB279 million. As of December 31, 2022, we were in compliance with the above financial covenants.
The drawdown of the credit facilities is subject to the terms and conditions of each credit agreement. As of December 31, 2023, we had outstanding bank loans in an aggregate amount of RMB70 million with weighted average interest rate of 3.3% per annum. As of December 31, 2023, the unutilized credit facility available was RMB410 million.
The actual income tax expense differed from the amount computed by applying the PRC statutory income tax rate of 25% to income (loss) before income taxes, which was primarily due to the valuation allowance provided for the deferred tax assets of certain PRC subsidiaries, which were in cumulative loss positions. Net income .
The actual income tax expense differed from the amount computed by applying the PRC statutory income tax rate of 25% to income before income tax, which was primarily due to preferential tax rate of one subsidiary net off non-deductible share-based compensation expenses. Net income.
Our technology and development expenses as a percentage of net revenues increased from 2.4% in 2021 to 2.9% in 2022. · Pre-opening expenses. We did not incur any pre-opening expenses in 2022 as there were no newly-leased hotels on our opening schedule. Other operating income.
The increase was mainly attributable to our increased investments in technology systems and infrastructure to support our expanding hotel network, retail business and customer experience improvements. ● Pre-opening expenses. We did not incur any pre-opening expenses in 2023 as there were no newly-leased hotels on our opening schedule. Other operating income.
Our net cash used in financing activities was RMB161.1 million in 2021, compared to RMB48.0 million of net cash generated from financing activities in 2020, which was attributable to the repurchase of our ordinary shares in the first half of 2021 and the repayment of borrowings, net off by the proceeds provided by borrowings.
Our net cash used in financing activities was RMB146.9 million (US$20.7 million) in 2023, compared with RMB456.3 million of net cash generated from financing activities in 2022, which was attributable to our cash dividend payment and repayment of borrowings net off by the proceeds from employee stock option exercise.