Biggest changeThe costs incurred primarily relate to accounting, auditing, legal services, marketing, supply chain, employee retention, costs associated with the implementation of our new ERP system and other Business Continuity Processes, and certain other costs to establish certain stand-alone functions to assist with the transition to being a stand-alone entity.
Biggest changeOther operating expenses Other operating expenses are as follows: Twelve months ended September 30, 2025 2024 Costs related to the Separation $ 31.3 $ 110.8 Amortization of cloud computing arrangements 10.4 6.3 Costs associated with the discontinued patch pump program 15.7 — Business optimization and severance related costs 7.3 7.4 Other 0.7 — Total $ 65.4 $ 124.5 Other operating expenses incurred primarily consist of the following: • Accounting, auditing, legal services, marketing, supply chain, employee retention, costs associated with the implementation of our new ERP system and other Interim Business Continuity Processes, costs associated with brand transition, and certain other costs to establish certain stand-alone functions to assist with the transition to being a stand-alone entity; • Restructuring related costs associated with the optimization of certain business functions as we transition to being a stand-alone entity; • Severance and contract termination costs associated with the discontinued patch pump program; and • Costs recognized associated with the amortization of cloud computing arrangements.
Many countries are facing an aging population and a rapidly growing number of people living with diabetes. While healthcare investments in certain regions continue to grow, there is an increased burden on 34 physicians and longer wait times for patients.
Many countries are facing an aging population and a rapidly growing number of people living with diabetes. While healthcare investments in certain regions continue to grow, there is an increased burden on physicians and longer wait times for patients.
In addition, our revenues and results of operations have been affected by various fluctuations in macroeconomic conditions and regulatory and policy changes, both on a global level and in particular markets, which include inflation and slowing economic growth and contractions, a rising interest rate environment, supply chain interruptions, tariff policy changes, volatility in capital markets and the availability of credit, tax rates and the rate of exchange between the United States dollar and foreign currencies.
In addition, our revenues and results of operations have been affected by various fluctuations in macroeconomic conditions and regulatory and policy changes, both on a global level and in particular markets, which include inflation and slowing economic growth and contractions, a changing interest rate environment, supply chain interruptions, tariff policy changes, volatility in capital markets and the availability of credit, tax rates and the rate of exchange between the United States dollar and foreign currencies.
A commitment fee applies to the unused portion of the Revolving Credit Facility, equal to 0.25% per annum. As of September 30, 2024, no amount has been drawn on the Revolving Credit Facility. Additionally, Embecta has outstanding $200.0 million of senior secured notes (the "6.75% Notes"), which carry an interest rate of 6.75% and are due February 2030.
A commitment fee applies to the unused portion of the Revolving Credit Facility, equal to 0.25% per annum. As of September 30, 2025, no amount has been drawn on the Revolving Credit Facility. Additionally, Embecta has outstanding $200.0 million of senior secured notes (the "6.75% Notes"), which carry an interest rate of 6.75% and are due February 2030.
Our business traces its origins to 1924, when BD developed the first dedicated insulin syringe. Since then, we have built a world-class organization with a unique manufacturing, supply chain and commercial footprint. 33 We have a broad portfolio of marketed products, including a variety of pen needles, syringes and safety injection devices.
Our business traces its origins to 1924, when BD developed the first dedicated insulin syringe. Since then, we have built a world-class organization with a unique manufacturing, supply chain and commercial footprint. 34 We have a broad portfolio of marketed products, including a variety of pen needles, syringes and safety injection devices.
Additional disclosures regarding our accounting for income taxes are provided in Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Cautionary Statements Regarding Forward-Looking Statements This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains statements that constitute forward-looking statements under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and other securities laws.
Additional disclosures regarding our accounting for income taxes are provided in Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Cautionary Statements Regarding Forward-Looking Statements This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains statements that constitute forward-looking statements under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and other securities laws.
Critical Accounting Policies The following discussion supplements the descriptions of our accounting policies contained in Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Critical Accounting Policies The following discussion supplements the descriptions of our accounting policies contained in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
The nature and extent of the impact of these factors among others varies by region and remains uncertain and unpredictable and may affect our business. 35 Results of Operations For a discussion of Results of Operations of fiscal year 2023 compared to fiscal year 2022 see our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2023.
The nature and extent of the impact of these factors among others varies by region and remains uncertain and unpredictable and may affect our business. 36 Results of Operations For a discussion of Results of Operations of fiscal year 2024 compared to fiscal year 2023 see our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2024.
All other movements related to working capital were due to timing of payments and receipts of cash in the ordinary course of business. Net cash used for investing activities was comprised of capital expenditures of $15.8 million for the fiscal year to support our business and operations.
All other movements related to working capital were due to timing of payments and receipts of cash in the ordinary course of business. Net cash used for investing activities was comprised of capital expenditures of $9.3 million for the fiscal year to support our business and operations.
Introduction of new drugs and increased penetration of oral and once-weekly anti-diabetic drugs (e.g., SGLT-2s), GLP-1s and GLP-1 combination products have delayed initiation of insulin therapy and contributed to less demand for our products.
Changes in Clinical Practice. Introduction of new drugs and increased penetration of oral and once-weekly anti-diabetic drugs (e.g., SGLT-2s, once-weekly insulin, GLP-1s and GLP-1 combination products) have delayed initiation of insulin therapy and contributed to less demand for our products.
The following is a summary of Embecta's total debt outstanding as of September 30, 2024: Term Loan $ 901.3 5.00% Notes 500.0 6.75% Notes 200.0 Total principal debt issued $ 1,601.3 Less: current debt obligations (9.5) Less: debt issuance costs and discounts (26.5) Long-term debt $ 1,565.3 The schedule of principal payments required on long-term debt for the next five years and thereafter is as follows: 2025 $ 9.5 2026 9.5 2027 9.5 2028 9.5 2029 863.3 Thereafter 700.0 Certain measures relating to our total debt outstanding as of September 30, 2024 were as follows: Total debt $ 1,574.8 Short-term debt as a percentage of total debt 0.6 % Weighted average cost of total debt 6.8 % 39 The credit agreement and the indentures for the 5.00% Notes and the 6.75% Notes contain customary financial covenants, including a total net leverage ratio covenant, which measures the ratio of (i) consolidated total net debt to (ii) consolidated earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, and subject to other adjustments, must meet certain defined limits which are tested on a quarterly basis in accordance with the terms of the credit agreement and indentures governing the 5.00% Notes and the 6.75% Notes.
The following is a summary of Embecta's total debt outstanding as of September 30, 2025: Term Loan $ 716.8 5.00% Notes 500.0 6.75% Notes 200.0 Total principal debt issued $ 1,416.8 Less: current debt obligations (9.5) Less: debt issuance costs and discounts (18.6) Long-term debt $ 1,388.7 39 The schedule of principal payments required on long-term debt for the next five years and thereafter is as follows: 2026 $ 9.5 2027 9.5 2028 9.5 2029 688.3 2030 700.0 Thereafter — Certain measures relating to our total debt outstanding as of September 30, 2025 were as follows: Total debt $ 1,398.2 Short-term debt as a percentage of total debt 0.7 % Weighted average cost of total debt 6.4 % The credit agreement and the indentures for the 5.00% Notes and the 6.75% Notes contain customary financial covenants, including a total net leverage ratio covenant, which measures the ratio of (i) consolidated total net debt to (ii) consolidated earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, and subject to other adjustments, must meet certain defined limits which are tested on a quarterly basis in accordance with the terms of the credit agreement and indentures governing the 5.00% Notes and the 6.75% Notes.
Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to: • Competitive factors that could adversely affect Embecta’s operations, including adoption of new drug therapies for treatment of diabetes, new product introductions by Embecta’s competitors, the development of new technologies, lower cost producers that create pricing pressure and consolidation resulting in companies with greater scale and market presence than Embecta. • The risk that Embecta is unable to replace the services, including the Business Continuity Processes, that BD currently provides to it on substantially similar terms as the terms on which BD is providing these services under the transaction agreements or that BD terminates such services. • Any failure by BD to perform its obligations under the various separation agreements entered into in connection with the Separation and distribution, including the cannula supply agreement. • Any events that adversely affect the sale or profitability of one of Embecta’s key products or the revenue delivered from sales to its key customers. • Increases in operating costs, including fluctuations in the cost and availability of oil-based resins, other raw materials, and energy as well as certain components, used in its products, the ability to maintain favorable supplier arrangements and relationships, and the potential adverse effects of any disruption in the availability of such items. • Embecta’s ability to obtain clearance from the FDA of any product, to market and sell such products successfully, to anticipate the needs of people with diabetes, and future business decisions by Embecta and its competitors. • Changes in reimbursement practices of governments or private payers or other cost containment measures. • The adverse financial impact resulting from unfavorable changes in foreign currency exchange rates, as well as regional, national and foreign economic factors, including inflation, deflation, and fluctuations in interest rates, and their potential effect on its operating performance. • The impact of changes in United States, federal laws, and policy that could affect fiscal and tax policies, healthcare and international trade, including import and export regulation, tariffs, and international trade agreements.
Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to: • Competitive factors that could adversely affect Embecta’s operations, including adoption of new drug therapies for treatment of diabetes, new product introductions by Embecta’s competitors, the development of new technologies, lower cost producers that create pricing pressure and consolidation resulting in companies with greater scale and market presence than Embecta. • The risk that Embecta is unable to replace the services, including the Business Continuity Processes, that BD currently provides to it on substantially similar terms as the terms on which BD is providing these services under the transaction agreements or that BD terminates such services. • Any failure by BD to perform its obligations under the various separation agreements entered into in connection with the Separation and distribution, including the cannula supply agreement. • Any events that adversely affect the sale or profitability of one of Embecta’s key products or the revenue delivered from sales to its key customers. • Increases in operating costs, including costs incurred from the new tariffs instituted by the U.S. government and certain foreign governments on raw materials and products, fluctuations in the cost and availability of oil-based resins, other raw materials, and energy as well as certain components, used in its products, the ability to maintain favorable supplier arrangements and relationships, and the potential adverse effects of any disruption in the availability of such items. • The risk that as a result of the current global trade environment from the newly instituted tariffs, certain foreign governments, private purchasers and other customers in certain countries may consider transitioning away from products originating from certain countries (including the U.S.) in favor of buying “local” products and local manufacturers and competitors may attempt to capitalize on these sentiments and participate in aggressive competitive pricing or other strategies to transition, or divert, current and potential customers away Embecta. 43 • Embecta’s ability to obtain clearance from the FDA or foreign regulatory authorities of any product, to market and sell such products successfully, to anticipate the needs of people with diabetes, and future business decisions by Embecta and its competitors. • Changes in reimbursement practices of governments or private payers or other cost containment measures. • The adverse financial impact resulting from unfavorable changes in foreign currency exchange rates, as well as regional, national and foreign economic factors, including inflation, deflation, and fluctuations in interest rates, and their potential effect on its operating performance. • The impact of changes in United States, federal laws, and policy that could affect fiscal and tax policies, healthcare and international trade, including import and export regulation, tariffs, and international trade agreements.
Net cash used for financing activities was primarily attributable to: 41 Dividend payments (34.5) Payments on long-term debt (34.6) Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation (3.0) Payments on finance lease (1.3) Net cash used for financing activities $ (73.4) Contractual Obligations Our contractual obligations as of September 30, 2024, which require material cash requirements in the future, consist of purchase obligations and lease obligations.
Net cash used for financing activities was primarily attributable to: Dividend payments (35.0) Payments on long-term debt (184.6) Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation (5.7) Payments on finance lease (1.4) Net cash used for financing activities $ (226.7) Contractual Obligations Our contractual obligations as of September 30, 2025, which require material cash requirements in the future, consist of purchase obligations and lease obligations.
All statements that reflect Embecta’s expectations, assumptions or projections about the future, other than statements of historical fact, are forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, forecasts relating to discussions of future operations and financial performance (including volume growth, pricing, sales and earnings per share growth and cash flows), restructuring expenses and charges, and statements regarding Embecta’s strategy for growth, future product development, anticipated product and regulatory clearances, approvals, and launches, competitive position and expenditures.
All statements that reflect Embecta’s expectations, assumptions or projections about the future, other than statements of historical fact, are forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, forecasts relating to discussions of future operations and financial performance (including volume growth, pricing, sales and earnings per share growth and cash flows), restructuring expenses and charges, and statements regarding Embecta’s strategy for growth and paying down debt, the Patch Pump Restructuring Plan, the 2025 Restructuring Plan, expectations related to the impact of incremental tariffs, brand transition, future product development, anticipated product and regulatory clearances, approvals, and launches, competitive position and expenditures.
As of September 30, 2024, total payments due for purchase obligations and lease obligations aggregate to approximately $211 million and $74 million, respectively. Contractual obligations due within the next twelve months approximate $112 million related to purchase commitments and $10 million related to lease obligations.
As of September 30, 2025, total payments due for purchase obligations and lease obligations aggregate to approximately $143 million and $68 million, respectively. Contractual obligations due within the next twelve months approximate $108 million related to purchase commitments and $10 million related to lease obligations.
Cost of products sold as a percentage of revenues were 34.5% for the year ended September 30, 2024 as compared to 33.1% for the year ended September 30, 2023.
Cost of products sold as a percentage of revenues were 37.4% for the year ended September 30, 2025 as compared to 34.5% for the year ended September 30, 2024.
In particular, tariffs or other trade barriers imposed by the United States or other countries could adversely impact its supply chain costs or otherwise adversely impact its results of operations. 43 • Any future impact of pandemics or geopolitical instability on Embecta’s business, including disruptions in its operations and supply chains. • New or changing laws and regulations affecting Embecta’s domestic and foreign operations, or changes in enforcement practices, including laws relating to healthcare, environmental protection, trade, monetary and fiscal policies, taxation (including tax reforms that could adversely impact multinational corporations) and licensing and regulatory requirements for products. • The expected benefits of the Separation from BD. • Risks associated with indebtedness and our use of indebtedness available to us. • The risk that dis-synergy costs, costs of restructuring transactions and other costs incurred in connection with the Separation will exceed Embecta's estimates. • The impact of the Separation on Embecta's businesses and the risk that the Separation may be more difficult, time-consuming or costly than expected, including the impact on its resources, systems, including ERP, procedures and controls, diversion of management’s attention and the impact on relationships with customers, suppliers, employees and other business counterparties. • The expectations related to the costs, profitability, timing and the estimated financial impact of, and charges associated with, the Restructuring Plan. • The risk that we may not complete strategic collaborative partnerships and acquisition opportunities that enable us to accelerate our growth or strategic collaborative opportunities that give us access to innovative technologies, complementary product lines, and new markets. • The risks associated with the material weakness identified in our internal control over financial reporting and our ability to remediate such material weakness.
In particular, tariffs or other trade barriers imposed by the United States or other countries could adversely impact its supply chain costs or otherwise adversely impact its results of operations. • Any future impact of pandemics or geopolitical instability on Embecta’s business, including disruptions in its operations and supply chains. • New or changing laws and regulations affecting Embecta’s domestic and foreign operations, or changes in enforcement practices, including laws relating to healthcare, environmental protection, trade, monetary and fiscal policies, taxation (including tax reforms that could adversely impact multinational corporations) and licensing and regulatory requirements for products. • The expected benefits of the Separation from BD. • Risks associated with indebtedness and our use of indebtedness available to us. • The risk that dis-synergy costs, costs of restructuring transactions and other costs incurred in connection with the Separation will exceed Embecta's estimates. • The impact of the Separation on Embecta's businesses and the risk that the Separation may be more difficult, time-consuming or costly than expected, including the impact on its resources, systems, including ERP, procedures and controls, diversion of management’s attention and the impact on relationships with customers, suppliers, employees and other business counterparties. • Embecta’s ability to timely and successfully complete the brand transition, including any resulting regulatory delays of transferring or obtaining registrations and licenses in the “Embecta” name, interruptions in, or customer confusion from, the replacement and transfer of the rebranded product into the current commercialization, supply and distribution networks, or other issues arising out of system, supply chain logistics, administrative and adjudicative operations transitions in the end-to-end product flow and end-user access. • The expectations related to the costs, profitability, timing and the estimated financial impact of, and charges associated with, the Patch Pump Restructuring Plan and the 2025 Restructuring Plan. • The risk that we may not complete strategic collaborative partnerships and acquisition opportunities that enable us to accelerate our growth or strategic collaborative opportunities that give us access to innovative technologies, complementary product lines, and new markets.
These include large companies with multiple product lines, some of which may have greater financial and marketing resources than us, as well as smaller more specialized companies. Non-traditional entrants, such as technology companies, are also entering into the diabetes care industry and its adjacent markets, some of which may have greater financial and marketing resources than us. Pricing Pressures.
Non-traditional entrants, such as technology companies, are also entering into the diabetes care industry and its adjacent markets, some of which may have greater financial and marketing resources than us. Pricing Pressures.
We also are monitoring the Israel-Hamas war and Houthi attacks on commercial shipping vessels and other naval vessels. As of December 11, 2024, there is no material impact to our business operations and financial performance as a result of the aforementioned conflicts.
We also are monitoring the conflicts in the Middle East and Houthi attacks on commercial shipping vessels and other naval vessels. As of November 25, 2025, there is no material impact to our business operations and financial performance as a result of the aforementioned conflicts.
Recent Developments We continue to face increases in the cost and disrupted availability of raw materials, components, and other inputs necessary to manufacture and distribute our products due to constraints and inflation within the global supply chain, as well as increases in the cost and time to distribute our products.
However, the number of countries we provide products to and our proactive channel management strategies help us manage this variability. 35 Recent Developments We continue to face increases in the cost and disrupted availability of raw materials, components, and other inputs necessary to manufacture and distribute our products due to constraints and inflation within the global supply chain, as well as increases in the cost and time to distribute our products.
As of September 30, 2024, we were in compliance with all of such covenants. The credit agreement and the senior secured notes are secured by substantially all assets of Embecta and each subsidiary guarantor, subject to certain exceptions. In September 2024, the Company made a discretionary prepayment of $25.0 million on the Term Loan.
As of September 30, 2025, we were in compliance with all of such covenants. The credit agreement and the senior secured notes are secured by substantially all assets of Embecta and each subsidiary guarantor, subject to certain exceptions.
For the fiscal years ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, our Consolidated Statements of Income are as follows: 2024 2023 Revenues $ 1,123.1 $ 1,120.8 Cost of products sold 387.9 370.9 Gross Profit 735.2 749.9 Operating expenses: Selling and administrative expense 365.1 341.3 Research and development expense 78.8 85.2 Impairment expense — 2.5 Other operating expenses 124.5 99.4 Total Operating Expenses 568.4 528.4 Operating Income 166.8 221.5 Interest expense, net (112.3) (107.0) Other income (expense), net (10.3) (8.8) Income Before Income Taxes 44.2 105.7 Income tax provision (34.1) 35.3 Net Income $ 78.3 $ 70.4 Net Income per common share: Basic $ 1.36 $ 1.23 Diluted $ 1.34 $ 1.22 Year Ended September 30, 2024 Summary (on a comparative basis) Key financial results for the year ended September 30, 2024 were as follows: • Revenue increased by $2.3 million to $1,123.1 million from $1,120.8 million; • Gross profit decreased by $14.7 million to $735.2 million, compared to $749.9 million.
For the fiscal years ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, our Consolidated Statements of Income are as follows: 2025 2024 Revenues $ 1,080.4 $ 1,123.1 Cost of products sold 403.6 387.9 Gross Profit 676.8 735.2 Operating expenses: Selling and administrative expense 332.0 365.1 Research and development expense 37.3 78.8 Other operating expenses 65.4 124.5 Total Operating Expenses 434.7 568.4 Operating Income 242.1 166.8 Interest expense, net (107.3) (112.3) Other income (expense), net 1.5 (10.3) Income Before Income Taxes 136.3 44.2 Income tax provision (benefit) 40.9 (34.1) Net Income $ 95.4 $ 78.3 Net Income per common share: Basic $ 1.64 $ 1.36 Diluted $ 1.62 $ 1.34 Year Ended September 30, 2025 Summary (on a comparative basis) Key financial results for the year ended September 30, 2025 were as follows: • Revenue decreased by $42.7 million to $1,080.4 million from $1,123.1 million; • Gross profit decreased by $58.4 million to $676.8 million, compared to $735.2 million.
Gross profit as a percent of revenue was 65.5%, as compared to 66.9% in the prior year comparative period; • Operating income decreased by $54.7 million to $166.8 million from $221.5 million; and • Net income increased by $7.9 million to $78.3 million from $70.4 million.
Gross profit as a percent of revenue was 62.6%, as compared to 65.5% in the prior year comparative period; • Operating income increased by $75.3 million to $242.1 million from $166.8 million; and • Net income increased by $17.1 million to $95.4 million from $78.3 million.
In determining whether a valuation allowance is warranted, we evaluate factors such as prior earnings history, expected future earnings, carryback and carryforward periods, and tax strategies that could potentially enhance the likelihood of the realization of a deferred tax asset. From time to time, the Company engages in transactions in which tax consequences may be subject to uncertainty.
Changes in valuation allowances are included in the tax provision in the period of change. In determining whether a valuation allowance is warranted, we evaluate factors such as prior earnings history, expected future earnings, carryback and carryforward periods, and tax strategies that could potentially enhance the likelihood of the realization of a deferred tax asset.
Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for using an asset and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities at the applicable tax rates.
Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for using an asset and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities at the applicable tax rates. 42 We maintain valuation allowances where it is more likely than not that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.
On November 22, 2024, the Company's Board of Directors approved a plan to discontinue internal and external investment in the research and development of our patch pump program. As a result of this decision, we will undergo an organizational restructuring (the "Restructuring Plan").
On November 22, 2024, the Company's Board of Directors approved a plan to discontinue internal and external investment in the research and development of our patch pump program. As a result, the Company incurred organizational restructuring plan (the "Patch Pump Restructuring Plan") costs of $34.5 million during the year ended September 30, 2025.
Debt extinguishment charges as a result of this prepayment were not material to the Company's Consolidated Statements of Income. For additional information related to the Company's debt related activities, refer to Note 13 within the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements within this Form 10-K.
For additional information related to the Company's debt related activities, refer to Note 12 within the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements within this Form 10-K.
Leases Maturities of our finance lease and operating lease liabilities as of September 30, 2024 by fiscal year are as follows: Finance Lease Operating Leases Total 2024 3.7 6.2 9.9 2025 3.7 3.4 7.1 2026 3.8 1.8 5.6 2027 3.9 1.8 5.7 2028 3.9 1.7 5.6 Thereafter 32.3 7.3 39.6 Total lease payments $ 51.3 $ 22.2 $ 73.5 For additional information related to our leases, refer to Note 18 within the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-K.
Leases Maturities of our finance lease and operating lease liabilities as of September 30, 2025 by fiscal year are as follows: Finance Lease Operating Leases Total 2026 3.7 5.9 9.6 2027 3.8 2.6 6.4 2028 3.9 2.0 5.9 2029 3.9 2.1 6.0 2030 4.0 1.8 5.8 Thereafter 28.3 5.7 34.0 Total lease payments $ 47.6 $ 20.1 $ 67.7 For additional information related to our leases, refer to Note 18 within the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-K. 40 Receivables Sale Agreement During the third quarter of fiscal year 2025, the Company entered into a trade receivables sale agreement with a third-party financial institution to sell certain trade receivables of the Company at a discount on an uncommitted basis.
The Company conducts business and files tax returns in numerous jurisdictions based on its interpretation of tax laws and regulations. In evaluating the Company’s tax provision, the Company establishes a reserve for uncertain tax positions unless such positions are determined to be more likely than not of being sustained upon examination based on the technical 42 merits.
In evaluating the Company’s tax provision, the Company establishes a reserve for uncertain tax positions unless such positions are determined to be more likely than not of being sustained upon examination based on the technical merits. The Company’s policy is to recognize, when applicable, interest and penalties related to income taxes as part of income tax expense.
The change in income and other net taxes payable was primarily due to the timing of required tax payments. The change in other assets and liabilities, net is primarily due to costs capitalized during fiscal 2024 associated with the implementation of our ERP system.
The change in income and other net taxes payable is primarily attributed to timing of required tax payments. 41 The change in other assets and liabilities, net is primarily attributed to costs capitalized attributed to cloud computing arrangements.
The primary sources and uses of cash that contributed to the $52.3 million decrease were: September 30, 2023 Cash and equivalents and restricted cash balance $ 326.5 Cash provided by operating activities 35.7 Cash used for investing activities (15.8) Cash used for financing activities (73.4) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and equivalents and restricted cash 1.2 September 30, 2024 Cash and equivalents and restricted cash balance $ 274.2 40 Net cash provided by operating activities was primarily attributable to: Net income $ 78.3 Non-cash adjustments related to depreciation and amortization, plant and equipment, stock-based compensation, and deferred income taxes 5.1 Change in in accounts payable and accrued expenses 60.0 Change in trade receivables (174.7) Change in inventories (16.5) Change in amounts due from/due to Becton, Dickinson and Company 58.9 Change in prepaid expenses and other 39.5 Change in income and other net taxes payable 13.2 Change in other assets and liabilities, net (28.1) Net cash provided by operating activities $ 35.7 Update to the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Reported in Earnings Release On November 26, 2024, we furnished a Current Report on Form 8-K that included as an exhibit a press release announcing our financial results for the fourth fiscal quarter and the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024 (the “Earnings Release”).
The primary sources and uses of cash that contributed to the $45.6 million decrease were: September 30, 2024 Cash and equivalents and restricted cash balance $ 274.2 Cash provided by operating activities 191.7 Cash used for investing activities (9.3) Cash used for financing activities (226.7) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and equivalents and restricted cash (1.3) September 30, 2025 Cash and equivalents and restricted cash balance $ 228.6 Net cash provided by operating activities was primarily attributable to: Net income $ 95.4 Non-cash adjustments related to depreciation and amortization, impairment of property, plant, and equipment, stock-based compensation, and deferred income taxes 120.0 Change in in accounts payable and accrued expenses (68.9) Change in trade receivables 44.2 Change in inventories (6.1) Change in amounts due from/due to Becton, Dickinson and Company 25.3 Change in prepaid expenses and other 8.5 Change in income and other net taxes payable (28.1) Change in other assets and liabilities, net 1.4 Net cash provided by operating activities $ 191.7 The change in accounts payable and accrued expenses is primarily due to timing attributable to payments to vendors.
Cost of products sold Cost of products sold increased by $17.0 million, or 4.6%, to $387.9 million for the year ended September 30, 2024 as compared to $370.9 million for the year ended September 30, 2023.
See Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further details. Cost of products sold Cost of products sold increased by $15.7 million, or 4.0%, to $403.6 million for the year ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $387.9 million for the year ended September 30, 2024.
See "Liquidity and Capital Resources" below and Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a further description of our long-term debt. Other income (expense), net Other income (expense), net was $(10.3) million and $(8.8) million for the years ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
We are unable to predict future Federal Reserve interest rate decisions and the impact to interest expense on our variable rate debt. See "Liquidity and Capital Resources" below and Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a further description of our long-term debt.
This was partially offset by $14.5 million of unfavorable changes in volume, $6.1 million associated with the negative impact of foreign currency translation primarily due to the strengthening of the U.S. dollar, $4.6 million of unfavorable gross-to-net adjustments primarily attributed to the recognition of incremental Italian payback accruals resulting from two July 22, 2024 rulings by the Constitutional Court of Italy, and a $0.2 million decrease in contract manufacturing revenues related to sales of non-diabetes products to BD.
This was partially offset by a $6.9 million increase in contract manufacturing revenues related to sales of non-diabetes products to BD, $4.8 million of favorable changes in gross-to-net adjustments attributed to the recognition of higher incremental Italian payback accruals in fiscal year 2024 as compared to fiscal year 2025, and a $2.0 million increase associated with favorable changes in price.
To date we have been able to successfully mitigate this disruption and provide uninterrupted supply to our customers by increasing our inventory levels and taking other measures. In December 2023, we submitted our first 510(k) premarket filing to the FDA for our proprietary disposable insulin delivery system. In September, 2024, we announced that we received 510(k) clearance from the FDA.
To date we have been able to successfully mitigate this disruption and provide uninterrupted supply to our customers by increasing our inventory levels and taking other measures.
Research and development expenses Our research and development expenses decreased by $6.4 million, or 7.5%, to $78.8 million for the year ended September 30, 2024 as compared to $85.2 million for the year ended September 30, 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by timing of expenses incurred in connection with our insulin patch pump platform.
Research and development expenses Our research and development expenses decreased by $41.5 million, or 52.7%, to $37.3 million for the year ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $78.8 million for the year ended September 30, 2024.
Existing and new local and regional low-cost providers, in combination with a shift from insulin vials to insulin pens, have made the pen needle category highly competitive. This has forced providers to provide clinical evidence to differentiate their products. Changes in Clinical Practice.
Existing and new local and regional low-cost providers, in combination with a shift from insulin vials to insulin pens, have made the pen needle category highly competitive. Global Trade. The current global economic environment has been recently influenced by rapidly changing new tariff policies instituted by the United States government and foreign governments.
Key Trends Affecting Our Results of Operations Competition. The regions in which we conduct our business and the medical devices industry in general are highly competitive. We face significant competition from a wide range of companies in a highly regulated industry.
We primarily sell our products to wholesalers and distributors that sell to retail and institutional channels who in turn sell to patients or use the products to deliver insulin injections to patients. Key Trends Affecting Our Results of Operations Competition. The regions in which we conduct our business and the medical devices industry in general are highly competitive.
Cash and equivalents and restricted cash were $274.2 million as of September 30, 2024 as compared to $326.5 million as of September 30, 2023.
Our Moody's Investors Services credit rating is B1 and our Standard & Poor's Rating Services credit rating is B+. Cash and equivalents and restricted cash were $228.6 million as of September 30, 2025 as compared to $274.2 million as of September 30, 2024.
Revenues Our revenues increased by $2.3 million, or 0.2%, to $1,123.1 million for the year ended September 30, 2024 as compared to revenues of $1,120.8 million for the year ended September 30, 2023. The increase in revenues was primarily driven by $27.7 million associated with favorable changes in price.
Revenues Our revenues decreased by $42.7 million, or 3.8%, to $1,080.4 million for the year ended September 30, 2025 as compared to revenues of $1,123.1 million for the year ended September 30, 2024. Changes in our revenues are driven by the volume of goods that we sell, the prices we negotiate with customers, and changes in foreign exchange rates.
The change in Other income (expense), net year over year is driven by higher losses due to unfavorable impacts from foreign exchange in the year ended September 30, 2024 offset by lower amounts paid to BD for income taxes incurred in deferred jurisdictions where BD is considered the primary obligor in the current period compared with the year ended September 30, 2023.
The costs incurred for fiscal year 2024 were primarily attributed to amounts due to BD for income taxes payable incurred in deferred jurisdictions where BD is considered the primary obligor and the unfavorable impacts from foreign exchange. 38 Income tax provision (benefit) Income tax provision (benefit) increased to $40.9 million for the year ended September 30, 2025 from $(34.1) million for the year ended September 30, 2024.
The increase year over year was primarily driven by an increase in compensation and benefit costs due to increased headcount on average in the current period in addition to increased outbound freight and warehousing costs. This was partially offset by lower TSA and LSA costs incurred from BD in the current year period.
The decrease year over year was primarily driven by lower TSA and LSA costs with BD in addition to lower compensation expense recognized in fiscal year 2025.
Access to Capital and Credit Ratings In May 2024 and June 2024, Moody’s Investor Services and Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services published updates to our credit ratings. Our Moody's Investors Services credit rating is B1 and our Standard & Poor's Rating Services credit rating is B+.
The cash received on the sale of trade receivables during fiscal year 2025 is presented in changes in trade receivables, net within operating activities in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. Access to Capital and Credit Ratings In May 2025 and June 2025, Moody’s Investor Services and Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services published updates and reaffirmed our preexisting credit ratings.
In addition, we intend to discontinue our commercial operation plans for the insulin delivery system, including the previous intended limited launch. We estimate that we will incur approximately $25 million - $30 million in pre-tax cash-based charges primarily associated with employee severance payments and benefits related to the workforce reduction.
Restructuring actions associated with the Patch Pump Restructuring Plan to discontinue the patch pump program are substantially complete as of September 30, 2025. In addition, we discontinued our commercial operation plans for the insulin delivery system, including the previous intended limited launch.