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What changed in Perella Weinberg Partners's 10-K2023 vs 2024

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Paragraph-level year-over-year comparison of Perella Weinberg Partners's 2023 and 2024 10-K annual filings, covering the Business, Risk Factors, Legal Proceedings, Cybersecurity, MD&A and Market Risk sections. Every new, removed and edited paragraph is highlighted side-by-side so you can see exactly what management changed in the 2024 report.

+151 added181 removedSource: 10-K (2025-02-27) vs 10-K (2024-02-23)

Top changes in Perella Weinberg Partners's 2024 10-K

151 paragraphs added · 181 removed · 129 edited across 7 sections

Item 1. Business

Business — how the company describes what it does

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Biggest changeWe achieved revenues of $648.7 million and an operating loss of $115.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, revenues of $631.5 million and an operating loss of $47.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 and revenues of $801.7 million and operating income of $66.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Biggest changeFor the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, we achieved revenues of $878.0 million, $648.7 million, and $631.5 million, respectively, and operating losses of $78.5 million, $115.1 million, and $47.7 million, respectively.
As a matter of public policy, regulatory bodies in the United States and foreign jurisdictions are charged with safeguarding the integrity of their home country’s securities and other financial markets and with protecting the interests of clients participating in those markets. 5 In the United States, the SEC is the federal agency responsible for the administration of the federal securities laws.
As a matter of public policy, regulatory bodies in the United States and foreign jurisdictions are charged with safeguarding the integrity of their home country’s securities and other financial markets and with protecting the interests of clients participating in those markets. In the United States, the SEC is the federal agency responsible for the administration of the federal securities laws.
We operate out of ten offices in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, France and Germany, and we have deep international experience that has enabled us to work extensively with clients worldwide. Since our inception, we have advised over 1,000 clients on transactions in over 45 countries.
We operate out of ten offices in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, France and Germany, and we have deep international experience that has enabled us to work extensively with clients worldwide. Since our inception, we have advised over 1,300 clients on transactions in over 45 countries.
General We are a leading global independent advisory firm that provides strategic and financial advice to clients across the most active industry sectors and international markets. Our wide range of global clients include large public multinational corporations, mid-sized public and private companies, financial sponsors, individual entrepreneurs, private and institutional investors, creditor committees and government institutions.
Item 1. Business General We are a leading global independent advisory firm that provides strategic and financial advice to clients across the most active industry sectors and international markets. Our wide range of global clients include large public multinational corporations, mid-sized public and private companies, financial sponsors, individual entrepreneurs, private and institutional investors, creditor committees and government institutions.
We maintain an ongoing process to enhance security and optimize our IT systems, and regularly conduct security assessments and testing of our systems to verify our systems' integrity to protect against being compromised from both internal and external sources. In addition to identifying information security risks, we have established robust controls to seek to reduce or mitigate such risks.
We maintain a process to enhance security and optimize our IT systems, and regularly conduct security assessments and testing of our systems to verify our systems' integrity to protect against being compromised from both internal and external sources. In addition to identifying information security risks, we have established robust controls to seek to reduce or mitigate such risks.
As we execute on our growth strategy, we expect to expand our relationships with clients and the capabilities we can offer them, which will enhance our position as a leading independent advisory firm.
As we execute on our growth strategy, we expect to strengthen our relationships with clients and the capabilities we can offer them, which will enhance our position as a leading independent advisory firm.
Employees As of December 31, 2023, we had 663 employees. 4 Our Focus on Cybersecurity We strive to protect the reputation of our Company by establishing, protecting and defending our data and systems in a number of ways through a combination of processes, tools, and awareness-building.
Employees As of December 31, 2024, we had 691 employees. 4 Our Focus on Cybersecurity We strive to protect the reputation of our Company by establishing, protecting and defending our data and systems in a number of ways through a combination of processes, tools, and awareness-building.
The Social pillar is focused on promoting diversity and inclusion, reinforcing our commitment to engage, develop and motivate our employees, and maintaining a rigorous cybersecurity program to protect our valuable data. Governance.
The Social pillar is focused on reinforcing our commitment to engage, develop and motivate our employees, and maintaining a rigorous cybersecurity program to protect our valuable data. Governance.
We seek to advise clients throughout their evolution, with the full range of our advisory capabilities including, among other things, advice related to strategic and financial decisions, mergers and acquisitions (“M&A”) execution, shareholder and defense advisory, financing and capital solutions advice with resources focused on restructuring and liability management and capital markets advisory, as well as specialized underwriting and research services primarily for the energy and related industries.
We seek to advise clients throughout their evolution, with the full range of our advisory capabilities including, among other things, advice related to strategic and financial decisions, mergers and acquisitions (“M&A”) execution, shareholder engagement advisory, financing and capital solutions advice with a focus on restructuring and liability management, capital markets advisory, and private capital placement, as well as specialized underwriting and research services primarily for the energy and related industries.
Those services include advice related to strategic and financial decisions, M&A execution, shareholder and defense advisory, financing and capital solutions advice with resources focused on restructuring and liability management, and capital markets advisory, as well as specialized underwriting and research services primarily for the energy and related industries.
Those services include advice related to strategic and financial decisions, M&A execution, shareholder engagement advisory, financing and capital solutions advice with a focus on restructuring and liability management, capital markets advisory, and private capital placement, as well as specialized underwriting and research services primarily for the energy and related industries.
In addition, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), a self-regulatory organization that is subject to oversight by the SEC, adopts and enforces rules governing the conduct, and examines the activities of, its member firms, including Perella Weinberg Partners LP and TPH Securities. State securities regulators also have regulatory or oversight authority over Perella Weinberg Partners LP and TPH Securities.
In addition, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), a self-regulatory organization that is subject to oversight by the SEC, adopts and enforces rules governing the conduct, and examines the activities of, its member firms, including Perella Weinberg Partners LP.
We compete on both a global and a regional basis, and on the basis of a number of factors, including our reputation, depth of client relationships, industry knowledge and insights, transaction execution skills, our range of products and services, innovation and price.
We compete on both a global and a regional basis, and on the basis of a number of factors, including our reputation, depth of client relationships, industry knowledge and insights, transaction execution skills, our range of products and services, innovation and price. We compete for business as well as to attract and retain qualified employees.
As of December 31, 2023, we serve our clients with 492 advisory professionals, including 64 advisory partners and 45 advisory managing directors, based in ten offices, located in five countries around the world.
As of December 31, 2024, we serve our clients with 511 advisory professionals, including 66 advisory partners and 48 advisory managing directors, based in ten offices, located in five countries around the world.
We are committed to talent retention, and our goal is to develop our brightest and most ambitious junior professionals into successful partners. To this end, as of December 31, 2023, 23 of our 64 advisory partners and 35 of our 45 advisory managing directors were promoted internally.
We are committed to talent retention, and our goal is to develop our brightest and most ambitious junior professionals into successful partners. To this end, as of December 31, 2024, 25 of our 66 advisory partners and 37 of our 48 advisory managing directors were promoted internally.
Broker-dealers are subject to regulations that cover all aspects of the securities business, including anti-money laundering, handling of material non-public information, safeguarding data, reporting, record retention, market access and the conduct and qualifications of its officers, directors, employees and other associated persons.
State securities regulators also have regulatory or oversight authority over Perella Weinberg Partners LP. 5 Broker-dealers are subject to regulations that cover all aspects of the securities business, including anti-money laundering, handling of material non-public information, safeguarding data, reporting, record retention, market access and the conduct and qualifications of its officers, directors, employees and other associated persons.
Our U.S. broker-dealer subsidiaries, like most other broker-dealers, have from time to time been the subject of requests for information and documents from the SEC, FINRA and other regulators.
Our U.S. broker-dealer subsidiaries, like most other broker-dealers, have from time to time been the subject of requests for information and documents from the SEC, FINRA and other regulators. We have cooperated and complied in all material respects with any such requests for information and documents.
In support of U.S. foreign policy and national security goals, the Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”), administers and enforces economic and trade sanctions against targeted foreign countries and regimes, terrorists, international narcotics traffickers, and those engaged in activities related to the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and other threats to the national security, foreign policy or economy of the United States.
Failure to comply with these requirements may result in reputational damage as well as monetary, regulatory and, in certain cases, criminal penalties. 6 In support of U.S. foreign policy and national security goals, the Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”), administers and enforces economic and trade sanctions against targeted foreign countries and regimes, terrorists, international narcotics traffickers, and those engaged in activities related to the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and other threats to the national security, foreign policy or economy of the United States.
We have cooperated and complied in all material respects with any such requests for information and documents. 6 The Bank Secrecy Act (the “BSA”), as amended by the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2021, and the Treasury Department's and FINRA's implementing regulations require each of Perella Weinberg Partners LP and TPH Securities, as broker-dealers, to establish and maintain an anti-money laundering program, file suspicious activity and other reports, and comply with certain record-keeping requirements.
The Bank Secrecy Act (the “BSA”), as amended by the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2021, and the Treasury Department's and FINRA's implementing regulations require Perella Weinberg Partners LP, as a broker-dealer, to establish and maintain an anti-money laundering program, file suspicious activity and other reports, and comply with certain record-keeping requirements.
We believe that our integrated approach and our partnership culture in how we work with each other and our clients provides an ideal platform to deliver the strategic and financial advice sought by our clients.
We believe that our integrated approach and our partnership culture in how we work with each other and our clients provides an ideal platform to deliver the strategic and financial advice sought by our clients. Our Growth Strategy Our growth strategy centers on increasing the depth and breadth of our advisory business in both current and potential future markets.
We compete for business as well as to attract and retain qualified employees. Our ability to continue to compete effectively in our business will depend upon our ability to attract new employees and retain and motivate our existing employees who are essential to our ability to serve clients.
Our ability to continue to compete effectively in our business will depend upon our ability to attract new employees and retain and motivate our existing employees who are essential to our ability to serve clients. Regulation Our business, as well as the financial services industry generally, is subject to extensive regulation in the United States and abroad.
Perella Weinberg Partners LP, through which we (i) conduct strategic advisory and restructuring services in the United States and (ii) engage in private placements of securities and investment banking mergers and acquisitions advisory services and Tudor, Pickering, Holt & Co.
Perella Weinberg Partners LP, through which we (i) conduct strategic advisory and restructuring services in the United States, (ii) engage in private placements of securities and investment banking mergers and acquisitions advisory services, (iii) conduct equity research and sales in the United States, is registered as a broker-dealer with, and is subject to regulation and oversight by, the SEC.
The operating losses in 2023 and 2022 were largely due to the amortization of equity-based compensation awards granted by Professional Partners, which have no economic impact on PWP or PWP OpCo, and the amortization of equity-based compensation awards granted in connection with the Business Combination.
These operating losses were largely due to the amortization of equity-based compensation awards granted by Professional Partners in connection with the Business Combination and a related internal reorganization of Professional Partners (the “Professional Partners Awards”), which were fully amortized in 2024, and the amortization of equity-based compensation awards granted in connection with the Business Combination.
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Item 1. Business Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this subsection to the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our” refer to Perella Weinberg Partners and its consolidated subsidiaries following the Business Combination, other than certain historical information which refers to the business of PWP OpCo prior to the consummation of the Business Combination.
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Our Growth Strategy Our growth strategy centers on the expansion of the depth and breadth of our advisory business in the markets we serve today and the additional markets that we may expand into in the future.
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Additionally, we believe we will continue to benefit from growing comfort in the independent advisory model from business leaders which we believe will expand our overall market opportunity.
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We believe our primary competitors in securing advisory engagements include the investment banking businesses of Bank of America Corporation, Barclays Capital Inc., Citigroup Inc., Credit Suisse Group AG, The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., JPMorgan Chase & Co., Morgan Stanley, UBS Securities LLC and other large investment banking firms as well as independent investment banking firms such as Centerview Partners, Evercore Partners Inc., Guggenheim Partners, Houlihan Lokey, Inc., Lazard, Inc., Moelis, Inc., NM Rothschild & Sons Limited, PJT Partners, Inc., and other closely held boutique firms.
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In past years there has been substantial consolidation in the financial services industry. Many firms have the ability to offer a wider range of products, from loans, deposit-taking and insurance to brokerage, asset management and investment banking services, which may enhance their competitive position.
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They also have the ability to support investment banking and securities products with commercial lending and other financial services revenues in an effort to gain market share, which could result in pricing pressure in our business or loss of opportunities for us.
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In addition, we may be at a competitive disadvantage relative to certain of our competitors who are able to, and regularly do, provide financing or market making services that are often instrumental in effecting transactions.
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The trend toward consolidation has significantly increased the capital base and geographic reach of our competitors as well as the potential for actual or perceived conflicts of these firms. Regulation Our business, as well as the financial services industry generally, is subject to extensive regulation in the United States and abroad.
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Securities, LLC (“TPH Securities”), through which we conduct equity research and sales in the United States are registered as broker-dealers with, and are subject to regulation and oversight by, the SEC.
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Failure to comply with these requirements may result in reputational damage as well as monetary, regulatory and, in certain cases, criminal penalties.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Risk Factors — what could go wrong, per management

35 edited+2 added23 removed245 unchanged
Biggest changePursuant to the JOBS Act, our independent registered public accounting firm will not be required to attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act for so long as we are an “emerging growth company.” Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires annual management assessments of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, and generally requires in the same report a report by our independent registered public accounting firm on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting.
Biggest changeSection 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”) requires our management report upon the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, and our independent registered public accounting firm is required to attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting.
In addition, our financial professionals and other employees are responsible for following proper measures to maintain the confidentiality of information we hold.
In addition, our financial professionals and other employees are responsible for following proper measures to maintain the confidentiality of information we hold.
These exemptions do not modify the independence requirements for our audit committee, and we intend to comply with the applicable requirements of the SEC and Nasdaq with respect to our audit committee. 24 The classification of our board of directors may have anti-takeover effects, including discouraging, delaying or preventing our change of control.
These exemptions do not modify the independence requirements for our audit committee, and we intend to comply with the applicable requirements of the SEC and Nasdaq with respect to our audit committee. The classification of our board of directors may have anti-takeover effects, including discouraging, delaying or preventing our change of control.
If a new business generates insufficient revenues or if we are unable to efficiently manage our expanded operations, our business could be materially adversely affected. Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could adversely affect our results.
If a new business generates insufficient revenues or if we are unable to efficiently manage our expanded operations, our business could be materially adversely affected. 14 Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could adversely affect our results.
As a result, holders of our Class A common stock bear the risk that our future offerings may reduce the market price of our securities and dilute their percentage ownership. 22 Future sales of our Class A common stock may reduce the market price of our Class A common stock.
As a result, holders of our Class A common stock bear the risk that our future offerings may reduce the market price of our securities and dilute their percentage ownership. Future sales of our Class A common stock may reduce the market price of our Class A common stock.
To the extent we do not distribute such cash as dividends on our Class A common stock or otherwise use such cash as described and instead, for example, hold such cash balances or lend them to PWP OpCo, this may result in shares of our Class A common stock increasing in value relative to the PWP OpCo Class A partnership units.
To the extent we do not distribute such cash as dividends on our Class A common stock or otherwise use such cash as described and instead, for example, hold such cash balances or lend them to PWP OpCo, this may result in shares of our Class A common stock increasing in value relative to the PWP OpCo Class A partnership units (the “PWP OpCo Units”).
Because in many cases revenues are not recognized until the successful consummation of the underlying transaction, our revenue is highly dependent on market conditions and the decisions and actions of our clients, interested third parties and governmental authorities.
Because in many cases revenue is not recognized until the successful consummation of the underlying transaction, our revenue is highly dependent on market conditions and the decisions and actions of our clients, interested third parties and governmental authorities.
As these independent firms or new entrants into the market seek to gain market share there could be pricing pressures, which would adversely affect our revenues and earnings.
As these independent firms or new entrants into the market seek to gain market share there could be pricing pressures, which would adversely affect our revenue and earnings.
There was no individual client that accounted for more than 10% of aggregate revenues for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021. 9 In addition, the composition of the group comprising our largest clients varies significantly from year to year, and a relatively small number of clients may account for a significant portion of our revenues in any given period.
There was one individual client that accounted for more than 10% of aggregate revenues for the year ended December 31, 2024, while no individual client accounted for more than 10% of aggregate revenues for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. 9 In addition, the composition of the group comprising our largest clients varies significantly from year to year, and a relatively small number of clients may account for a significant portion of our revenues in any given period.
For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, we earned approximately 18.2%, 24.3% and 17.7%, respectively, of our revenues from our international operations. We intend to grow our non-U.S. business, including growth into new regions with which we have less familiarity and experience, and this growth is important to our overall success.
For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, we earned approximately 14.2%, 18.2%, and 24.3%, respectively, of our revenues from our international operations. We intend to grow our non-U.S. business, including growth into new regions with which we have less familiarity and experience, and this growth is important to our overall success.
If we are not able to adequately comply with Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act or our management asserts that our internal control over financial reporting is ineffective, we may become subject to adverse regulatory consequences and/or investors could lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports and that could lead to a decrease in the market price of our Class A common stock.
If we are not able to adequately comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act or if our management or auditors are unable to conclude that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, we may become subject to adverse regulatory consequences and/or investors could lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports and that could lead to a decrease in the market price of our Class A common stock.
The master separation agreement that we entered into with PWP Capital, which holds the former asset management business of PWP OpCo prior to the PWP Separation, provides, among other things, that PWP Capital generally will indemnify us for losses that we incur relating to, arising out of or resulting from the business of PWP Capital and any payments with respect to joint liabilities to the extent they exceed 81.304% of such joint liabilities.
The master separation agreement that we entered into with PWP Capital, which holds the former asset management business of PWP OpCo prior to the separation of our advisory business from the asset management business of PWP OpCo in February 2019 (the “PWP Separation”), provides, among other things, that PWP Capital generally will indemnify us for losses that we incur relating to, arising out of or resulting from the business of PWP Capital and any payments with respect to joint liabilities to the extent they exceed 81.304% of such joint liabilities.
VoteCo Professionals, which is ultimately managed by a committee of Limited Partners that manages Professionals GP, the general partner of VoteCo Professionals, holds all outstanding shares of Class B-1 common stock and thereby control approximately 89.8% of the voting interest in us as of December 31, 2023.
VoteCo Professionals, which is ultimately managed by a committee of Limited Partners that manages Professionals GP, the general partner of VoteCo Professionals, holds all outstanding shares of Class B-1 common stock and thereby control approximately 82.3% of the voting interest in us as of December 31, 2024.
Our revenue in any given period is dependent on the number of fee-paying clients in such period. For the year ended December 31, 2023, we earned revenues from 202 advisory clients, 123 of which generated fees equal to or greater than $1.0 million.
Our revenue in any given period is dependent on the number of fee-paying clients in such period. For the year ended December 31, 2024, we earned revenues from 221 advisory clients, 141 of which generated fees equal to or greater than $1.0 million.
In addition, we pay certain of our expenses in such currencies. Additionally, entering into transactions and holding monetary assets and liabilities that are not denominated in the functional currency of our foreign subsidiaries exposes the Company to exchange rate fluctuations which can result in foreign currency related transaction gains and losses.
Additionally, entering into transactions and holding monetary assets and liabilities that are not denominated in the functional currency of our foreign subsidiaries exposes the Company to exchange rate fluctuations which can result in foreign currency related transaction gains and losses.
For the year ended December 31, 2022 we earned revenues from 200 advisory clients, 127 of which generated fees equal to or greater than $1.0 million. For the year ended December 31, 2021, we earned revenues from 232 advisory clients, 142 of which generated fees equal to or greater than $1.0 million.
For the year ended December 31, 2023 we earned revenues from 202 advisory clients, 123 of which generated fees equal to or greater than $1.0 million. For the year ended December 31, 2022, we earned revenues from 200 advisory clients, 127 of which generated fees equal to or greater than $1.0 million.
(“Cadence Bank”), dated November 30, 2016 (as amended and restated on December 11, 2018 and as further amended on June 30, 2023, the “Credit Agreement”), which provides for a $50.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility that matures on July 1, 2025, and contains a number of significant covenants that, among other things, require PWP OpCo and certain of its subsidiaries (the “Loan Parties”) to maintain (on a consolidated basis) minimum liquidity levels, a minimum debt service coverage ratio and a maximum leverage ratio and restrict the ability of the Loan Parties to: incur liens; dispose of assets; incur additional indebtedness; make certain restricted payments; engage in business mergers or consolidations; and engage in certain transactions with subsidiaries and affiliates.
We have access to a revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) through an amended and restated credit agreement with Cadence Bank, dated December 11, 2018 (as amended on December 11, 2018, November 11, 2020, December 28, 2020, June 15, 2021, June 30, 2023, and January 24, 2025, the “Credit Agreement”), which provides for a $50.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility that matures on July 1, 2028, and contains a number of significant covenants that, among other things, require PWP OpCo and certain of its subsidiaries (the “Loan Parties”) to maintain (on a consolidated basis) minimum liquidity levels, a minimum debt service coverage ratio and a maximum leverage ratio and restrict the ability of the Loan Parties to: incur liens; dispose of assets; incur additional indebtedness; make certain restricted payments; engage in business mergers or consolidations; and engage in certain transactions with subsidiaries and affiliates.
These risks could impair our operations, affect our reputation and adversely affect our business. Our voting control is concentrated among the holders of our Class B-1 common stock. As a result, the market price of our securities may be materially adversely affected by such disparate voting rights.
Our voting control is concentrated among the holders of our Class B-1 common stock. As a result, the market price of our securities may be materially adversely affected by such disparate voting rights.
As a result, there is a risk of reputational harm to us if PWP Capital and its subsidiaries use such trademarks and engage in poor business practices, experience adverse results or otherwise damage the reputational value of the “Perella Weinberg Partners” or “Tudor, Pickering, Holt & Co.” brand names.
As a result, there is a risk of reputational harm to us if PWP Capital and its subsidiaries use such trademarks and engage in poor business practices, experience adverse results or otherwise damage the reputational value of the “Perella Weinberg Partners” or “TPH&Co.” brand names. These risks could impair our operations, affect our reputation and adversely affect our business.
Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and Delaware law, as well as the rules of FINRA, the FCA, the Alberta Commission, CIRO, ACPR and other U.S. or foreign governmental regulatory authorities or self-regulatory organizations, could delay or prevent a change in control, limit the price investors may be willing to pay in the future for our Class A common stock and could entrench management.
It could also delay stockholders who disapprove of the performance of our board of directors from changing a majority of the composition of our board of directors through a single proxy contest. 23 Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and Delaware law, as well as the rules of FINRA, the FCA, the Alberta Commission, CIRO, ACPR and other U.S. or foreign governmental regulatory authorities or self-regulatory organizations, could delay or prevent a change in control, limit the price investors may be willing to pay in the future for our Class A common stock and could entrench management.
Our stockholders may be diluted by the future issuance of common stock, preferred stock or securities convertible or exchangeable into common or preferred stock, in connection with our incentive plans, acquisitions, capital raises or otherwise. As of December 31, 2023, we had 1,500,000,000 shares of Class A common stock authorized, of which 57,361,073 had been issued.
Our stockholders may be diluted by the future issuance of common stock, preferred stock or securities convertible or exchangeable into common or preferred stock, in connection with our incentive plans, acquisitions, capital raises or otherwise. As of December 31, 2024, we had 1,500,000,000 shares of Class A common stock authorized, of which 72,544,696 had been issued and 59,181,721 are outstanding.
VoteCo Professionals beneficially owns all of the outstanding shares of our Class B-1 common stock, representing approximately 89.8% of our total voting power, ILPs beneficially own all of the outstanding shares of our Class B-2 common stock, representing approximately 0.3% of our total voting power, and holders of Class A common stock own shares of our Class A common stock, representing approximately 9.9% of our total voting power (in each case as of December 31, 2023).
VoteCo Professionals beneficially owns all of the outstanding shares of our Class B-1 common stock, representing approximately 82.3% of our total voting power, and holders of Class A common stock own shares of our Class A common stock, representing approximately 17.7% of our total voting power (in each case as of December 31, 2024).
We may enter into new lines of business which may result in additional risks and uncertainties in our business. We currently generate substantially all of our revenue from advisory engagements. However, we may grow our business by entering into new lines of business.
We may enter into new lines of business which may result in additional risks and uncertainties in our business. We currently generate substantially all of our revenue from advisory engagements. However, we may grow our business by entering into new lines of business. Moreover, we currently derive a small portion of revenue through equity research and underwriting services.
If any action the subject matter of which is within the scope of the choice of forum provision is filed in a court other than a court located within the State of Delaware (a “foreign action”) in the name of any stockholder, such stockholder shall be deemed to have consented to: (x) the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located within the State of Delaware in connection with any action brought in any such court to enforce the choice of forum provision (an “enforcement action”), and (y) having service of process made upon such stockholder in any such enforcement action by service upon such stockholder's counsel in the foreign action as agent for such stockholder.
If any action the subject matter of which is within the scope of the choice of forum provision is filed in a court other than a court located within the State of Delaware (a “foreign action”) in the name of any stockholder, such stockholder shall be deemed to have consented to: (x) the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located within the State of Delaware in connection with any action brought in any such court to enforce the choice of forum provision (an “enforcement action”), and (y) having service of process made upon such stockholder in any such enforcement action by service upon such stockholder's counsel in the foreign action as agent for such stockholder. 24 This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder's ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or any of our directors, officers, other employees or stockholders, which may discourage lawsuits with respect to such claims.
As a participant in the financial services industry, we are subject to extensive regulation in the United States and internationally, including regulatory capital and other requirements imposed on our two SEC-registered broker-dealers, Perella Weinberg Partners LP and TPH Securities.
As a participant in the financial services industry, we are subject to extensive regulation in the United States and internationally, including regulatory capital and other requirements imposed on our SEC-registered broker-dealer, Perella Weinberg Partners LP. We are subject to regulatory restrictions and requirements imposed by applicable statutes, regulations and policies in the jurisdictions in which we operate.
If we are unable to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, this could have a material adverse effect on our business. As a public company, we are required to maintain internal control over financial reporting and to report any material weaknesses in such internal controls.
As a public company, we are required to maintain internal control over financial reporting and to report any material weaknesses in such internal controls.
Because our financial statements are denominated in U.S. dollars and we receive a portion of our revenue in other currencies (including the Euro, pound sterling and Canadian dollars), we are exposed to fluctuations in foreign currencies. During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, 16.9% and 19.2%, respectively, of revenue was denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar.
Because our financial statements are denominated in U.S. dollars and we receive a portion of our revenue in other currencies (including the Euro, pound sterling and Canadian dollars), we are exposed to fluctuations in foreign currencies.
Prior FCA approval must be obtained for any transaction that would result in a single person or entity acquiring, directly or indirectly, 10% or more of PWP U.K.'s voting rights or share capital, including through ownership of the equity of any of its parent undertakings. 25 Our Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for certain stockholder limitation matters, subject to limited exceptions, which could discourage stockholder lawsuits or limit our stockholders' ability to bring a claim in any judicial forum that they find favorable for disputes against our directors, officers, other employees or stockholders.
Our Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for certain stockholder limitation matters, subject to limited exceptions, which could discourage stockholder lawsuits or limit our stockholders' ability to bring a claim in any judicial forum that they find favorable for disputes against our directors, officers, other employees or stockholders.
An appreciation or depreciation of any of these currencies relative to the U.S. dollar could result in an adverse or beneficial impact, respectively, to our financial results.
An appreciation or depreciation of any of these currencies relative to the U.S. dollar could result in an adverse or beneficial impact, respectively, to our financial results. We have not entered into any transactions to hedge our exposure to these foreign exchange fluctuations through the use of derivative instruments or otherwise.
We have not entered into any transactions to hedge our exposure to these foreign exchange fluctuations through the use of derivative instruments or otherwise. 14 Restrictions in the Credit Agreement (as defined below) governing our Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below) may impair our ability to finance our future operations or capital needs or engage in other business activities that may be in our interests.
Restrictions in the Credit Agreement (as defined below) governing our Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below) may impair our ability to finance our future operations or capital needs or engage in other business activities that may be in our interests.
However, the tax authorities could challenge our interpretation resulting in additional tax liability or adjustment to our income tax provision that could increase our effective tax rate. In addition, tax laws, regulations, or treaties enacted in the future may cause us to revalue our net deferred tax assets and have a material change to our effective tax rate.
However, the tax authorities could challenge our interpretation resulting in additional tax liability or adjustment to our income tax provision that could increase our effective tax rate.
As a result of these matters, among others, it may be difficult for investors to compare our future results to historical results or to evaluate our relative performance or trends in our business. 15 Risks Related to Regulation Extensive and evolving regulation of our business and the business of our clients exposes us to the potential for significant penalties and fines due to compliance failures, increases our costs and may result in limitations on the manner in which our business is conducted.
In addition, tax laws, regulations, or treaties enacted in the future may cause us to revalue our net deferred tax assets and have a material change to our effective tax rate. 15 Risks Related to Regulation Extensive and evolving regulation of our business and the business of our clients exposes us to the potential for significant penalties and fines due to compliance failures, increases our costs and may result in limitations on the manner in which our business is conducted.
For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we recorded operating losses of $115.1 million and $47.7 million, respectively.
For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, we recorded operating losses of $78.5 million, $115.1 million, and $47.7 million, respectively. These operating losses were largely due to the amortization of the Professional Partners Awards, which were fully amortized in 2024, and the amortization of equity-based compensation awards granted in connection with the Business Combination.
In addition, we may use shares of our Class A common stock as consideration for future acquisitions, which could further dilute our stockholders. Risks Related to Being a Public Company As an “emerging growth company,” we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to “emerging growth companies” will make our common stock less attractive to investors.
In addition, we may use shares of our Class A common stock as consideration for future acquisitions, which could further dilute our stockholders. 22 Risks Related to Being a Public Company If we are unable to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, this could have a material adverse effect on our business.
We did not record an operating loss for the year ended December 31, 2021. We need to continue to compensate personnel competitively in order to continue building our business and as a result, we may again experience operating losses in future periods.
These awards have been and will be recorded as equity-based compensation expense at PWP OpCo pursuant to U.S. GAAP. We need to continue to compensate personnel competitively in order to continue building our business and as a result, we may again experience operating losses in future periods.
Removed
These operating losses were largely due to the amortization of equity-based compensation awards granted by Professional Partners, which have no economic impact on PWP or PWP OpCo, and the amortization of equity-based compensation awards granted in connection with the Business Combination. These awards have been and will be recorded as equity-based compensation expense at PWP OpCo pursuant to U.S. GAAP.
Added
During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, 11.8%, 16.9%, and 19.2%, respectively, of revenue was denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. In addition, we pay certain of our expenses in such currencies.
Removed
Moreover, we currently derive a small portion of revenue through equity research and underwriting services conducted through TPH.
Added
Prior FCA approval must be obtained for any transaction that would result in a single person or entity acquiring, directly or indirectly, 10% or more of PWP U.K.'s voting rights or share capital, including through ownership of the equity of any of its parent undertakings.
Removed
We have access to a revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) through a credit agreement with Cadence Bank, N.A.
Removed
The historical consolidated financial information for periods prior to the Business Combination on June 24, 2021 in our filings is not representative of the results we would have achieved as a stand-alone public company and may not be an appropriate basis for evaluating our potential future results.
Removed
The historical consolidated financial information for periods prior to the Business Combination on June 24, 2021 in our filings does not reflect the financial condition, results of operations or cash flows that we would have achieved as a stand-alone public company during the periods presented or those we will achieve in the future as a result of (i) the expense allocations for certain support functions that are provided on a centralized basis within PWP OpCo prior to the separation of our advisory business from the asset management business of PWP OpCo in February 2019 (the “PWP Separation”), such as expenses for business technology, facilities, legal, finance, human resources and business development, which are reflected in PWP's historical consolidated financials and may be higher or lower than the comparable expenses that it would have actually incurred, or will incur in the future, as a stand-alone company and (ii) the added costs we incur as a public company, including costs related to public company reporting, investor relations and compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”).
Removed
We are subject to regulatory restrictions and requirements imposed by applicable statutes, regulations and policies in the jurisdictions in which we operate.
Removed
In connection with the signing of the Business Combination Agreement, FinTech Masala Advisors, LLC and FinTech Investor Holdings IV, LLC (together, the “Sponsor”) entered into the Sponsor Share Surrender and Share Restriction Agreement, which was amended on May 4, 2021.
Removed
Pursuant to the Sponsor Share Surrender and Share Restriction Agreement, as amended, the Founder Shares (as defined below) and Placement Shares (as defined below) owned by the Sponsor were subject to transfer restrictions for six months following the closing of the Business Combination and certain of the Founder Shares held by the Sponsor continue to be subject to transfer restrictions based on certain closing share price thresholds of the Company's Class A common stock for 20 out of any 30 consecutive trading days.
Removed
On January 7, 2022, the Sponsor distributed 5,456,667 shares of Class A common stock (Founder Shares and Placement Shares) and 203,333 warrants to its members (the "Sponsor Distribution"), after which the Sponsor owned 1,000,000 shares of Class A common stock.
Removed
The 1,000,000 shares of Class A common stock retained by the Sponsor continue to be subject to transfer restrictions until the $15 Threshold (as defined herein) is met. 1,738,680 of the shares distributed in the Sponsor Distribution remain subject to transfer restrictions until either the $15 Threshold or the $17 Threshold (as defined herein), as applicable, is met.
Removed
We amended and restated the existing registration rights agreement with the Sponsor by entering into an amended and restated registration rights agreement (the “Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement”) with the RRA Parties with respect to the shares of our Class A common stock and certain other equity securities held by the RRA Parties.
Removed
On July 15, 2021, we filed with the SEC a registration statement pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act, which was amended by post-effective amendment no. 1, filed with the SEC on March 11, 2022, and post-effective amendment no. 2, filed with the SEC on July 7, 2022 (as amended, the “Shelf Registration Statement”), registering the resale of certain shares of our Class A common stock and certain of our other equity securities held by the RRA Parties, which post-effective amendment no. 2 to the Shelf Registration Statement became effective on July 15, 2022.
Removed
As an “emerging growth company,” we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies,” including not being required to obtain an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting from our independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Removed
We will cease to be an emerging growth company upon the earliest of: (i) the end of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the closing of Perella Weinberg Partner’s predecessor entity, FinTech Acquisition Corp.
Removed
IV’s (“FTIV”), initial public offering (“IPO”), (ii) the first fiscal year after our annual gross revenues are $1.235 billion or more, (iii) the date on which we have, during the previous three-year period, issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt securities or (iv) the end of any fiscal year in which the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates exceeded $700 million as of the end of the second quarter of that fiscal year.
Removed
In addition, the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”) provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards, which we have elected to do.
Removed
We cannot predict if investors will find our Class A common stock less attractive because we will rely on these exemptions.
Removed
If some investors find our Class A common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active market for our Class A common stock, our share price may be more volatile and the price at which our Class A common stock trades could be less than if we did not use these exemptions. 23 Our management is required to evaluate the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as required by Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
Removed
Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires that our management assess and report annually on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and to identify any material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting.
Removed
However, under the JOBS Act, our independent registered public accounting firm will not be required to attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act until we are no longer an “emerging growth company.” We will be an “emerging growth company” until the earlier of (1) the last day of the fiscal year (a) following September 29, 2025, the fifth anniversary of our IPO, (b) in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.235 billion or (c) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the last business day of our prior second fiscal quarter, and (2) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three-year period.
Removed
Accordingly, until we cease being an “emerging growth company” stockholders will not have the benefit of an independent assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control environment.
Removed
It could also delay stockholders who disapprove of the performance of our board of directors from changing a majority of the composition of our board of directors through a single proxy contest.
Removed
This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder's ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or any of our directors, officers, other employees or stockholders, which may discourage lawsuits with respect to such claims.

Item 1C. Cybersecurity

Cybersecurity — threats and controls disclosure

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Biggest changeWe aim to adhere to the best practices outlined in the National Institute of Standards and Technology and International Organization for Standardization frameworks, and our policies and procedures in managing personally identifiable information are in compliance with General Data Protection Regulation requirements. 26 As part of our processes for assessing, identifying and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats, we maintain an ongoing process to enhance security and optimize our IT systems, and regularly conduct security assessments and testing of our systems to verify our systems’ integrity to protect them against being compromised from both internal and external sources.
Biggest changeAs part of our processes for assessing, identifying and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats, we maintain a process to enhance security and optimize our IT systems, and regularly conduct security assessments and testing of our systems to verify our systems’ integrity to protect them against being compromised from both internal and external sources.
This oversight is achieved through a combination of periodic management reports, focused briefings on emerging cyber threats and vulnerabilities, updates on implemented mitigation strategies and periodic reviews of incident response plans. 27 We take a risk-based approach to cybersecurity and have implemented cybersecurity policies throughout our operations that are designed to address cybersecurity threats and incidents.
This oversight is achieved through a combination of periodic management reports, focused briefings on emerging cyber threats and vulnerabilities, updates on implemented mitigation strategies and periodic reviews of incident response plans. We take a risk-based approach to cybersecurity and have implemented cybersecurity policies throughout our operations that are designed to address cybersecurity threats and incidents.
We are dedicated to business continuity and resiliency and have strategies, policies, and procedures in place that are designed to protect employee, business, and client data in the event of an emergency or natural disaster. In addition to identifying information security risks, we have established robust controls to seek to reduce or mitigate such risks.
We are dedicated to business continuity and resiliency and have strategies, policies, and procedures in place that are designed to protect employee, business, and client data in the event of an emergency or natural disaster. 25 In addition to identifying information security risks, we have established robust controls to seek to reduce or mitigate such risks.
Ongoing assessments are customized based on each provider’s risk profile, with heightened scrutiny applied to new engagements and high-risk relationships. Existing vendors are subject to periodic reevaluations according to a predetermined schedule, with increased frequency for those deemed higher risk.
Our assessments are customized based on each provider’s risk profile, with heightened scrutiny applied to new engagements and high-risk relationships. Existing vendors are subject to periodic reevaluations according to a predetermined schedule, with increased frequency for those deemed higher risk.
The team provides ongoing global mitigation of known cybersecurity threats to help ensure that our data and systems are protected. 28
The team provides global mitigation of known cybersecurity threats to help ensure that our data and systems are protected.
Added
We aim to adhere to the best practices outlined in the National Institute of Standards and Technology and International Organization for Standardization frameworks, and our policies and procedures in managing personally identifiable information are in compliance with General Data Protection Regulation requirements.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

Legal Proceedings — active lawsuits and investigations

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Biggest changeOn December 12, 2016, Defendants appealed the dismissal of three of their counterclaims and cross-claims to the New York Appellate Division, First Department (the “First Department”). On August 29, 2017, the First Department issued a decision denying Defendants’ appeal other than allowing one Defendant to proceed with his breach of fiduciary duty counterclaim.
Biggest changeOn August 29, 2017, the First Department issued a decision denying the Defendants’ appeal other than allowing one Defendant to proceed with his breach of fiduciary duty counterclaim. On October 27, 2017, the Defendants moved the First Department for leave to appeal its decision to the New York Court of Appeals.
Verost (collectively, the “Individual Defendants”) and Ducera Partners LLC (together with the Individual Defendants, “Defendants”) in New York Supreme Court, Commercial Division (the “Court”).
Verost (collectively, the “Individual Defendants”) and Ducera Partners LLC (together with the Individual Defendants, the “Defendants”) in New York Supreme Court, Commercial Division (the “Court”).
The complaint contains 14 causes of action, and seeks declaratory relief as well as damages resulting from the Individual Defendants’ contractual and fiduciary breaches, and from Defendants' unfair competition and tortious interference with the PWP Plaintiffs’ contracts and client relationships. On November 9, 2015, Defendants filed an Answer, Counterclaims, Cross-claims and a Third-Party Complaint, which contained 14 causes of action.
The complaint contains 14 causes of action, and seeks declaratory relief as well as damages resulting from the Individual Defendants’ contractual and fiduciary breaches and from Defendants’ unfair competition and tortious interference with the PWP Plaintiffs’ contracts and client relationships. 26 On November 9, 2015, the Defendants filed an Answer, Counterclaims, Cross-claims and a Third-Party Complaint, which contained 14 causes of action.
The Court granted the PWP Plaintiffs’ motion with respect to the restrictive covenants in the PWP Plaintiffs’ agreements, finding that they are valid and enforceable, and otherwise denied the motion. The Court denied Defendants’ motion in its entirety. On July 25, 2023, Defendants filed a notice of appeal of the Summary Judgment Decision.
The Court granted the PWP Plaintiffs motion with respect to the restrictive covenants in the PWP Plaintiffs’ agreements, finding that they are valid and enforceable, and otherwise denied the motion. The Court denied Defendants’ motion in its entirety. On July 25, 2023, Defendants appealed parts of the Summary Judgment Decision.
On July 17, 2016, the Court issued a decision, dismissing half of Defendants’ claims with prejudice. On August 18, 2016, Defendants filed an Amended Answer, Counterclaims, Cross-claims and Third-Party Complaint, with seven counterclaims and cross-claims.
On July 17, 2016, the Court issued a decision, dismissing half of the Defendants’ -claims with prejudice. On August 18, 2016, the Defendants filed an Amended Answer, Counterclaims, Cross-claims and Third-Party Complaint, with seven counterclaims and cross-claims to the New York Appellate Division, First Department (the “First Department”).
Litigation, however, can be uncertain and there can be no assurance that any judgment for one or more of Defendants or other outcome of the case would not have a material adverse effect on us.
Further, we believe that we have meritorious defenses to Defendants’ remaining counterclaims and cross-claims and plan to vigorously contest them. Litigation, however, can be uncertain and there can be no assurance that any judgment for one or more of Defendants or other outcome of the case would not have a material adverse effect on us.
Defendants are seeking declaratory relief and damages of no less than $60.0 million, as well as statutory interest. In addition, on January 19, 2022, Defendants filed a motion for leave to renew their New York Labor Law counterclaim that the Court dismissed in 2016. On June 30, 2023, the Court issued a decision denying Defendants’ motion for leave.
In addition, on January 19, 2022, Defendants filed a motion for leave to renew their New York Labor Law counterclaim that the Court dismissed in 2016. On June 30, 2023, the Court issued a decision denying Defendants’ motion for leave. On January 29, 2024, Defendants appealed to the First Department the June 30, 2023 decision denying their motion for leave.
On January 29, 2024, Defendants filed an opening brief in the First Department appealing the June 30, 2023 decision denying their motion for leave. After the completion of discovery, both the PWP Plaintiffs and Defendants subsequently moved for summary judgment. On March 20, 2020, the parties completed briefing of their respective motions.
On April 16, 2024, the First Department denied Defendants’ appeal. After the completion of discovery, both the PWP Plaintiffs and the Defendants subsequently moved for summary judgment. On March 20, 2020 the parties completed briefing of their respective motions (the “Summary Judgment Decision”).
On October 27, 2017, Defendants moved the First Department for leave to appeal its decision to the New York Court of Appeals. On December 28, 2017, the First Department denied Defendants’ motion for leave. On April 24, 2018, Defendants filed a Second Amended Answer, Counterclaims, Cross-claims and Third-Party Complaint, with eight counterclaims and cross-claims.
On December 28, 2017, the First Department denied the Defendants’ motion for leave. On April 24, 2018, the Defendants filed a Second Amended Answer, Counterclaims, Cross-claims and Third-Party Complaint, which contains eight counterclaims and cross-claims. Defendants are seeking declaratory relief and damages of no less than $60.0 million, as well as statutory interest.
Some of these matters may involve claims of substantial amounts. Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures Not applicable. 29 PART II.
Some of these matters may involve claims of substantial amounts. For details on the current legal proceedings, refer to Note 16—Commitments and Contingencies in the notes to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures Not applicable. 27 PART II.
Removed
The Court held oral argument on the motions on May 27, 2021. On May 24, 2023, the Court issued a decision and order on both motions for summary judgment (the “Summary Judgment Decision”).
Added
On August 30, 2024, the First Department issued a decision granting in part and denying in part Defendants’ appeal. The First Department granted Defendants’ appeal only to the extent it found that the PWP Plaintiffs could not pursue a client solicitation claim against two specific clients.
Removed
The Court has set trial for April 29, 2024 through May 21, 2024. A final pre-trial conference has been set for April 24, 2024. We believe that our 14 causes of action are meritorious. Further, we believe that we have meritorious defenses to Defendants’ remaining counterclaims and cross-claims and plan to vigorously contest them.
Added
The First Department denied Defendants’ appeal to the extent it found that the PWP Plaintiffs’ restrictive covenants were reasonable and enforceable, and Defendants’ counterclaim for deferred compensation needed to be decided at trial. Trial started on January 24, 2025 and is scheduled to end on March 7, 2025. We believe that our 14 causes of action are meritorious.

Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity

Market for Common Equity — stock, dividends, buybacks

4 edited+3 added0 removed2 unchanged
Biggest changeUnregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds None.
Biggest changeThe performance shown in the graph represents past performance and should not be considered an indication of future performance. 28 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds None.
Repurchase of Equity Securities The following table summarizes our repurchases of equity securities during the three months ended December 31, 2023: Period Total Number of Shares Repurchased Average Price Paid per Unit Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program Dollar Value of Shares that may yet to be Purchased Under the Publicly Announced Program (1) October 1, 2023 - October 31, 2023 $ $ 108,823,525 November 1, 2023 - November 30, 2023 $ $ 108,823,525 December 1, 2023 - December 31, 2023 $ $ 108,823,525 Total $ __________________ (1) On February 16, 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors initially approved a stock repurchase program and the authorized amounts under such program was increased on February 8, 2023 such that the Company is authorized to repurchase up to $200.0 million of the Company’s Class A common stock.
Repurchase of Equity Securities The following table summarizes our repurchases of equity securities during the three months ended December 31, 2024: Period Total Number of Shares Repurchased Average Price Paid per Unit Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program Dollar Value of Shares that may yet to be Purchased Under the Publicly Announced Program (1) October 1, 2024 - October 31, 2024 $ $ $ 93,823,525 November 1, 2024 - November 30, 2024 $ $ $ 93,823,525 December 1, 2024 - December 31, 2024 $ $ $ 93,823,525 Total $ __________________ (1) On February 16, 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors initially approved a stock repurchase program and the authorized amounts under such program was increased on February 8, 2023 such that the Company is authorized to repurchase up to $200.0 million of the Company’s Class A common stock.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, cash dividends of $0.28 per outstanding share of Class A common stock were paid to our stockholders.
For the year ended December 31, 2024, cash dividends of $0.28 per outstanding share of Class A common stock were paid to our stockholders.
Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Our Class A common stock is listed and traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the stock symbol “PWP.” As of February 20, 2024, there were approximately 52 holders of record of our Class A common stock and 2 holders of record of our Class B common stock.
Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Our Class A common stock is listed and traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the stock symbol “PWP.” As of February 24, 2025, there were approximately 12 holders of record of our Class A common stock and 1 holder of record of our Class B common stock.
Added
Stock Performance The following performance graph and related information shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the SEC, nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any future filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act except to the extent we specifically incorporate it by reference into such filing.
Added
Our stock price performance shown in the graph below is not indicative of future stock price performance. The stock performance graph below compares the performance of an investment in our Class A common stock, from June 25, 2021 through December 31, 2024, with that of the S&P 500 Index and the S&P Financials Index.
Added
The graph assumes $100 was invested at the close of business on June 25, 2021. It also assumes that dividends were reinvested on the date of payment without payment of any commissions.

Item 7. Management's Discussion & Analysis

Management's Discussion & Analysis (MD&A) — revenue / margin commentary

52 edited+14 added17 removed29 unchanged
Biggest changeYear Ended December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2023 vs. 2022 2022 vs. 2021 Revenues $ 648,652 $ 631,507 $ 801,662 3 % (21) % Expenses Compensation and benefits 426,572 391,333 504,364 9 % (22) % Equity-based compensation 182,375 154,158 96,330 18 % 60 % Total compensation and benefits 608,947 545,491 600,694 12 % (9) % Non-compensation expenses 154,805 133,749 134,384 16 % % Total operating expenses 763,752 679,240 735,078 12 % (8) % Operating income (loss) (115,100) (47,733) 66,584 (141) % NM Non-operating income (expenses) Related party income 932 2,805 7,516 (67) % (63) % Other income (expense) 1,624 7,978 761 (80) % NM Change in fair value of warrant liabilities 15,806 (4,897) NM NM Loss on debt extinguishment (39,408) % NM Interest expense (276) (276) (7,606) % 96 % Total non-operating income (expenses) 2,280 26,313 (43,634) (91) % NM Income (loss) before income taxes (112,820) (21,420) 22,950 (427) % NM Income tax expense (benefit) (980) 10,327 18,927 NM (45) % Net income (loss) $ (111,840) $ (31,747) $ 4,023 (252) % NM Less: Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests (94,617) (49,625) 13,444 (91) % NM Net income (loss) attributable to Perella Weinberg Partners $ (17,223) $ 17,878 $ (9,421) NM NM NM = Not meaningful 33 Revenues The following table provides revenue statistics for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021: Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 2023 vs. 2022 2022 vs. 2021 Total Advisory Clients 202 200 232 2 (32) Total Clients with Fees Greater than $1.0 million 123 127 142 (4) (15) Revenues were $648.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 as compared with $631.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, representing an increase of 3%.
Biggest changeYear Ended December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2024 vs. 2023 2023 vs. 2022 Revenues $ 878,039 $ 648,652 $ 631,507 35 % 3 % Expenses Compensation and benefits 525,941 426,572 391,333 23 % 9 % Equity-based compensation 258,296 182,375 154,158 42 % 18 % Total compensation and benefits 784,237 608,947 545,491 29 % 12 % Non-compensation expenses 172,334 154,805 133,749 11 % 16 % Total operating expenses 956,571 763,752 679,240 25 % 12 % Operating income (loss) (78,532) (115,100) (47,733) 32 % (141) % Non-operating income (expenses) Related party income 932 2,805 (100) % (67) % Other income (expense) 10,277 1,348 7,702 662 % (82) % Change in fair value of warrant liabilities 15,806 % (100) % Total non-operating income (expenses) 10,277 2,280 26,313 351 % (91) % Income (loss) before income taxes (68,255) (112,820) (21,420) 40 % (427) % Income tax expense (benefit) 21,089 (980) 10,327 NM NM Net income (loss) $ (89,344) $ (111,840) $ (31,747) 20 % (252) % Less: Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests (24,616) (94,617) (49,625) 74 % (91) % Net income (loss) attributable to Perella Weinberg Partners $ (64,728) $ (17,223) $ 17,878 (276) % NM NM = Not meaningful 32 Revenues The following table provides revenue statistics for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 2024 vs. 2023 2023 vs. 2022 Total Advisory Clients 221 202 200 19 2 Total Clients with Fees Greater than $1.0 million 141 123 127 18 (4) Revenues were $878.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared with $648.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, representing an increase of 35%.
Executive Overview We are a leading global independent advisory firm that provides strategic and financial advice to clients across the most active industry sectors and international markets. Our wide range of global clients include large public multinational corporations, mid-sized public and private companies, individual entrepreneurs, private and institutional investors, creditor committees and government institutions.
Executive Overview We are a leading global independent advisory firm that provides strategic and financial advice to clients across some of the most active industry sectors and international markets. Our wide range of global clients include large public multinational corporations, mid-sized public and private companies, individual entrepreneurs, private and institutional investors, creditor committees and government institutions.
Investing activities resulted in a net cash outflow of $5.8 million largely attributable to the purchase of leasehold improvement fixed assets associated with the renovation of the New York office space and relocation of the London office space, partially offset by a net cash inflow from investments in U.S. Treasury securities.
Investing activities resulted in a net cash outflow of $5.8 million largely attributable to the purchase of investments in U.S. Treasury securities and the purchase of leasehold improvement fixed assets associated with the renovation of the New York office space and relocation of the London office space, partially offset by a cash inflow from the maturation of investments in U.S.
We generally pay a significant portion of our annual cash incentive compensation during the first quarter of each calendar year with respect to the prior year’s results. Therefore, levels of cash and/or investments in short-term marketable debt securities generally decline during the first quarter and build over the remainder of the year.
We generally pay a significant portion of our annual cash incentive compensation during the first quarter of each calendar year with respect to the prior year’s results. Therefore, levels of cash and cash equivalents and/or investments in short-term marketable debt securities generally decline during the first quarter and build over the remainder of the year.
Refer to Note 7—Regulatory Requirements in the notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K for further information. These regulations differ in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, France and other countries in which we operate a registered broker-dealer or regionally similar construct.
Refer to Note 6—Regulatory Requirements in the notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K for further information. These regulations differ in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, France and other countries in which we operate a registered broker-dealer or regionally similar construct.
The Company utilized a Monte Carlo simulation valuation model to determine the grant date fair value which required significant judgment for various inputs including the risk-free interest rate, dividend yield and the volatility factor. Refer to Note 12—Equity-Based Compensation in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.
The Company utilized a Monte-Carlo simulation valuation model to determine the grant date fair value which required significant judgment for various inputs including the risk-free interest rate, dividend yield and the volatility factor. Refer to Note 11—Equity-Based Compensation in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.
Credit Risk We regularly review our accounts receivable and allowance for credit losses by considering factors such as historical experience, credit quality, age of the accounts receivable, and the current economic conditions that may affect a client’s ability to pay such amounts owed to the Company.
Credit Risk We regularly review our accounts receivable and allowance for credit losses by considering factors such as historical experience, credit quality, age of the accounts receivable, and the current economic conditions that may affect a client’s ability to pay such amounts owed to us.
Consequently, tracking the type of advisory service offered in each instance is not practical. 31 Operating Expenses Our operating expenses are classified as (i) total compensation and benefits expenses including equity-based compensation and (ii) non-compensation expenses.
Consequently, tracking the type of advisory service offered in each instance is not practical. 30 Operating Expenses Our operating expenses are classified as (i) total compensation and benefits expenses including equity-based compensation, and (ii) non-compensation expenses.
Non-Operating Income (Expenses) Non-operating income (expenses) includes the impact of income and expense items that we consider to be non-operational in nature, which typically includes related party income, interest income and expense, and other non-operating gains (losses), including the impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations.
Non-Operating Income (Expenses) Non-operating income (expenses) includes the impact of income and expense items that we consider to be non-operational in nature, which typically includes interest income and expense and other non-operating gains (losses), including the impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations.
For a discussion of the year ended December 31, 2022 versus 2021, refer to Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Results of Operations” in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.
For a discussion of the year ended December 31, 2023 versus 2022, refer to Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Results of Operations” in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Our primary sources of liquidity are our cash balances, investments in short-term marketable debt securities, the net cash generated from operations, and the available borrowing capacity under our Revolving Credit Facility.
Our primary sources of liquidity are generally our cash and cash equivalent balances, investments in short-term marketable debt securities, the net cash generated from operations, and the available borrowing capacity under our Revolving Credit Facility.
Exchange Rate Risk The Company is exposed to exchange rate risk as a result of having foreign subsidiaries with non-U.S. dollar functional currencies as well as from entering into transactions and holding monetary assets and liabilities that are not denominated in the functional currency of its operating subsidiaries.
Exchange Rate Risk We are exposed to exchange rate risk as a result of having foreign subsidiaries with non-U.S. dollar functional currencies as well as from entering into transactions and holding monetary assets and liabilities that are not denominated in the functional currency of its operating subsidiaries.
We regularly assess the likelihood that we will be able to recover our deferred tax assets. We believe that we will ultimately recover the deferred tax assets recorded on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
Income Taxes We regularly assess the likelihood that we will be able to recover our deferred tax assets. We believe that we will ultimately recover the deferred tax assets recorded on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
We believe that these critical accounting estimates represent those that are most important to the presentation of our financial condition and results of operations and require management's most difficult, subjective and complex judgment. Due to their subjectivity, actual results could differ materially from the amounts reported.
We believe that these critical accounting estimates represent those that are most important to the presentation of our financial condition and results of operations and require management's most difficult, subjective and complex judgment. Due to their subjectivity, actual results could differ from those estimates.
Estimates and assumptions are reviewed periodically, and the effects of revisions are reflected in the period for which they are determined to be necessary. Revenue Recognition The services provided under contracts with clients include transaction-related advisory services, fairness opinion services, research, and underwriting services.
Estimates and the assumptions underlying these estimates are reviewed periodically, and the effects of revisions are reflected in the period in which they are determined to be necessary. Revenue Recognition The services provided under contracts with clients include transaction-related advisory services, fairness opinion services, research, and underwriting services.
Financing activities resulted in a net cash outflow of $67.0 million primarily due to the repurchase of shares pursuant to the stock repurchase program, distributions to partners, withholding tax payments for vested PWP Incentive Plan Awards, and dividend payments.
Treasury securities. Financing activities resulted in a net cash outflow of $67.0 million primarily related to withholding tax payments for vested PWP Incentive Plan Awards, the repurchase of shares pursuant to the stock repurchase program, dividend payments, and distributions to partners.
Our core advisory services benefit from macroeconomic changes that impact our client base and lead them to consider business combinations, acquisitions and divestitures, capital raises and restructurings. We continue to invest in our platform to achieve scale, accelerate growth, and deliver value in anticipation of a rebound in activity levels. See Part I Item 1A.
Our core advisory services benefit from macroeconomic changes that impact our client base and lead them to consider business combinations, acquisitions and divestitures, capital raises and restructurings. We continue to invest in our platform to achieve scale, accelerate growth, and deliver value. See Part I Item 1A.
Refer to Note 9—Income Taxes in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. 39 Equity Compensation A portion of the PWP Incentive Plan Awards granted to certain employees and non-employees vest upon the occurrence of both service and market conditions being achieved.
Refer to Note 8—Income Taxes in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. 38 Equity Compensation A portion of the PWP Incentive Plan Awards granted to certain employees vest upon the occurrence of both service and market conditions being achieved.
See Note 11—Stockholders’ Equity in the notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K for further information. Regulatory Capital We actively monitor our regulatory capital base. Our principal subsidiaries are subject to regulatory requirements in their respective jurisdictions to ensure general financial soundness and liquidity.
See Note 10—Stockholders’ Equity and Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in the notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in the Form 10-K for further information. Regulatory Capital We actively monitor our regulatory capital base. Our principal subsidiaries are subject to regulatory requirements in their respective jurisdictions to ensure general financial soundness and liquidity.
Tax Receivable Agreement As of December 31, 2023, we had an amount due of $30.9 million pursuant to the tax receivable agreement, which represents management’s best estimate of the amounts currently expected to be owed in connection with the tax receivable agreement for the Business Combination and subsequent exchanges made to date.
Tax Receivable Agreement As of December 31, 2024, we had an amount due of $65.5 million pursuant to the tax receivable agreement, which represents management’s best estimate of the amounts currently expected to be owed in connection with the tax receivable agreement for the Business Combination and subsequent exchanges made to date.
Our primary cash needs are for working capital, operating expenses (including cash compensation for our employees), repurchasing shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, withholding tax payments for vested PWP Incentive Plan Awards, income taxes, dividends and distributions, capital expenditures, making payments pursuant to the tax receivable agreement, commitments, and strategic investments.
Our primary cash needs are for working capital, operating expenses (including cash compensation for our employees), repurchasing shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, withholding tax payments for vested incentive compensation awards, including restricted stock units and performance stock units (the “PWP Incentive Plan Awards”), cash-settled exchanges of PWP OpCo Units, income taxes, dividends and distributions, capital expenditures, making payments pursuant to the tax receivable agreement, commitments, and strategic investments.
For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the net impact of non-functional currency-related transaction gains and losses recorded in Other income (expense) on our Consolidated Statements of Operations was a $3.3 million loss and a $6.8 million gain, respectively, primarily related to U.S. dollar-denominated cash and intercompany receivables held by our foreign subsidiaries as the U.S. dollar weakened and strengthened, respectively.
For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the net impact of non-functional currency-related transaction gains and losses recorded in Other income (expense) on our Consolidated Statements of Operations was a $1.3 million gain and a $3.3 million loss, respectively, primarily related to U.S. dollar-denominated cash and intercompany receivables held by our foreign subsidiaries as the strength of the U.S. dollar fluctuated.
Year Ended December 31, 2022 Operating activities resulted in a net cash outflow of $17.8 million primarily attributable to cash collected from clients, net of cash operating expense outflows, including discretionary bonuses paid during the first quarter of 2022 with respect to prior year compensation expense.
Year Ended December 31, 2023 Operating activities resulted in a net cash inflow of $145.9 million primarily attributable to cash collected from clients, net of cash operating expense outflows, including discretionary bonuses paid during the first quarter of 2023 with respect to prior year compensation expense.
For further information regarding our business, refer to “Part I. Item 1. Business” and “Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors” of this filing. Business Environment Economic and global financial market conditions impact our financial performance. The market environment for advisory services has begun to inflect, which has recently driven dialogue and activity levels across the traditional M&A markets.
For further information regarding our business, refer to “Part I. Item 1. Business” and “Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors” of this filing. Business Environment Economic and global financial market conditions impact our financial performance. The market environment for advisory services is improving, driving increased dialogue and activity levels across the traditional M&A markets.
Our current assets are primarily composed of cash, investments in short-term marketable debt securities, receivables related to fees earned from providing advisory services, certain prepaid expenses and certain amounts due from related parties. Our current liabilities are primarily composed of accrued employee compensation, accounts payable and other accrued expenses. Cash includes cash held at banks, including interest-bearing money market accounts.
Our current assets are primarily composed of cash and cash equivalents, investments in short-term marketable debt securities, receivables related to fees earned from providing advisory services, certain prepaid expenses and certain amounts due from related parties. Our current liabilities are primarily composed of accrued employee compensation, accounts payable and other accrued expenses.
Based on current market conditions, we believe that our cash on hand, investments in short-term marketable debt securities, net cash generated from operations and the available borrowing capacity under our Revolving Credit Facility will be sufficient to meet our operating needs and commitments for the next twelve months; however, if these sources of liquidity are not sufficient, we may seek additional debt or equity financing. 35 Cash Flows A summary of our operating, investing and financing cash flows is as follows: Year Ended December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 Cash Provided By (Used In) Operating Activities Net income (loss) $ (111,840) $ (31,747) $ 4,023 Non-cash charges and other operating activity adjustments 213,224 162,414 171,886 Other operating activities 44,499 (148,440) 58,999 Total operating activities 145,883 (17,773) 234,908 Investing Activities (5,818) (166,231) (2,440) Financing Activities (67,018) (136,768) (55,021) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 2,889 (9,837) (3,580) Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 75,936 (330,609) 173,867 Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period 174,166 504,775 330,908 Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period $ 250,102 $ 174,166 $ 504,775 Year Ended December 31, 2023 Operating activities resulted in a net cash inflow of $145.9 million primarily attributable to cash collected from clients, net of cash operating expense outflows, including discretionary bonuses paid during the first quarter of 2023 with respect to prior year compensation expense.
Based on current market conditions, we believe that our cash on hand, cash equivalents, investments in short-term marketable debt securities, net cash generated from operations, and the available borrowing capacity under our Revolving Credit Facility will be sufficient to meet our operating needs and commitments for the next twelve months; however, if these sources of liquidity are not sufficient, we may seek additional debt or equity financing. 34 Cash Flows A summary of our operating, investing and financing cash flows is as follows: Year Ended December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2024 2023 2022 Cash Provided By (Used In) Operating Activities Net income (loss) $ (89,344) $ (111,840) $ (31,747) Non-cash charges and other operating activity adjustments 224,073 213,224 162,414 Other operating activities 88,630 44,499 (148,440) Total operating activities 223,359 145,883 (17,773) Investing Activities (98) (5,818) (166,231) Financing Activities (137,252) (67,018) (136,768) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (3,340) 2,889 (9,837) Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 82,669 75,936 (330,609) Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period 250,102 174,166 504,775 Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period $ 332,771 $ 250,102 $ 174,166 Year Ended December 31, 2024 Operating activities resulted in a net cash inflow of $223.4 million primarily attributable to cash collections from clients, net of cash operating expense outflows, including the settlement of liability-classified Professional Partners Awards during the second quarter and discretionary bonuses paid during the first quarter of 2024 with respect to prior year compensation expense.
As of December 31, 2023, we held cash balances of $42.0 million of non-U.S. dollar currencies, composed of pound sterling, the Euro, and Canadian dollars. 38 Critical Accounting Estimates The preparation of our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S.
As of December 31, 2024, we held cash balances of $37.7 million in non-U.S. dollar currencies, composed of pound sterling, euros, and Canadian dollars. 37 Critical Accounting Estimates The preparation of our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S.
For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the net impact of the fluctuation of foreign currencies recorded in Foreign currency translation gain (loss) within our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) was a $4.1 million gain and a $9.7 million loss respectively.
For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the net impact from the fluctuation of foreign currencies recorded in Foreign currency translation gain (loss) on our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) was a $2.5 million loss and a $4.1 million gain, respectively.
GAAP requires management to make judgments, assumptions, and estimates that affect the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The following are our critical accounting estimates and judgments used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The following are our critical accounting estimates and judgments used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
Income Tax Expense (Benefit) The Company’s income tax benefit and effective tax rate were $1.0 million and 0.9%, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to income tax expense and an effective tax rate of $10.3 million and (48.2)%, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Income Tax Expense (Benefit) The Company’s income tax expense and effective tax rate were $21.1 million and (30.9)%, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to an income tax benefit and an effective tax rate of $1.0 million and 0.9%, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Accordingly, a large portion of the fees associated with these services is constrained until substantially all services have been provided, specified conditions have been met and/or certain milestones have been achieved, and it is probable that a significant revenue reversal will not occur in a future period.
Accordingly, a large portion of the fees associated with these services is constrained until substantially all services have been provided, specified conditions have been met and/or certain milestones have been achieved, and it is probable that a significant revenue reversal will not occur in a future period, the determination of which may require significant judgment, especially when assessed near the end of a reporting period, and/or involve material amounts.
With respect to investments, we manage our credit risk exposure by holding investments primarily with investment grade credit quality. As of December 31, 2023, the Company held investments of $91.2 million in U.S. Treasury securities with maturities of less than 12 months.
When we invest our excess cash, we manage our credit risk exposure by holding investments primarily with investment grade credit quality. As of December 31, 2024, the Company held investments of $96.0 million in U.S. Treasury securities with maturities of less than 12 months.
See Note 16—Related Party Transactions in the notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K for further information as well as the expected timing of payments. Leases and Capital Expenditures We have various non-cancelable operating leases in connection with the leases of our office spaces and equipment.
See Note 15—Related Party Transactions in the notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K for further information as well as the expected timing of payments. Leases We have various non-cancelable operating leases for our office space and certain equipment. As of December 31, 2024, we had $187.3 million of operating lease liabilities.
These increases were partially offset by lower recruiting and consulting fees and reduced D&O insurance costs. Non-Operating Income (Expenses) For the year ended December 31, 2023, non-operating income was $2.3 million compared with non-operating income of $26.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2022.
These increases were partially offset by reduced rent and occupancy costs. Non-Operating Income (Expenses) For the year ended December 31, 2024, non-operating income was $10.3 million compared with non-operating income of $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Compensation and Benefits Expenses Our compensation and benefits expenses consist of base salary, benefits, severance, payroll taxes, annual incentive compensation payable as cash bonus awards, deferred compensation awards, and the amortization of equity-based compensation awards that are subject to a service vesting condition, and in some cases, a market-based performance vesting condition.
Compensation and Benefits Expenses Our compensation and benefits expenses consist of salaries, bonuses (discretionary awards and guaranteed amounts), severance, payroll and related taxes, benefits, and the amortization of equity-based compensation awards that are subject to a service-based vesting condition, and in some cases, a market-based performance vesting condition.
The change in the effective tax rate was primarily due to the relative size of our permanent differences in relation to the pre-tax loss in the respective periods, as well as the recognition of a previously unrecognized tax benefit at one of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries during the year ended December 31, 2023. 34 Liquidity and Capital Resources General We regularly monitor our liquidity position, including cash and cash equivalents, working capital assets and liabilities, commitments and other liquidity requirements.
The change in the effective tax rate was primarily due to the relative size of our permanent differences in relation to the pre-tax loss in the respective periods, the Vesting Acceleration, and the recognition of tax benefits associated with the appreciation in our share price upon vesting of RSUs above the original grant price during the year ended December 31, 2024. 33 Liquidity and Capital Resources General We regularly monitor our liquidity position, including cash and cash equivalents, working capital assets and liabilities, commitments and other liquidity requirements.
Profits and losses of PWP OpCo are allocated to the non-controlling interests in proportion to their ownership interest regardless of their basis, with the exception of the amortization expense for certain equity-based awards granted by Professional Partners, which is allocated fully to non-controlling interests as these awards have no economic impact on, and do not dilute, PWP shareholders relative to Professional Partners. 32 Results of Operations The following is a discussion of our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.
Profits and losses of PWP OpCo are allocated to the non-controlling interests in proportion to their ownership interest regardless of their basis, with an exception for certain equity-based compensation expense which was fully attributed to non-controlling interests prior to the Merger. 31 Results of Operations The following is a discussion of our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
As of December 31, 2023, $108.8 million remains of the combined $200.0 million share repurchase authorization. 36 Exchange Rights In accordance with the PWP OpCo LPA, holders of PWP OpCo Units (other than the Company) may exchange these units for (i) shares of Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis or (ii) cash from an offering of shares of Class A common stock with the form of consideration determined by the Company.
Exchange Rights In accordance with the limited partnership agreement of PWP OpCo, holders of PWP OpCo Units (other than the Company) may exchange these units for (i) shares of Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis or (ii) cash from an offering of shares of Class A common stock and (iii) subsequent to the Merger, cash from any other source.
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had cash balances of $247.2 million and $171.6 million, respectively, and investments in short-term marketable debt securities, consisting entirely of U.S. Treasury securities, of $91.2 million and $140.1 million, respectively. Our liquidity is highly dependent upon cash receipts from clients, which generally require the successful completion of transactions.
Treasury securities of $75.8 million and $91.2 million, respectively, which are classified as Investments in short-term marketable debt securities within the consolidated financial statements. Our liquidity is highly dependent upon cash receipts from clients, which generally require the successful completion of transactions. Accounts receivable typically have net terms of 30 days.
The Company has a Revolving Credit Facility with Cadence Bank with an available line of credit of $50.0 million. Additionally, up to $20.0 million of incremental revolving commitments above the $50.0 million commitment amount may be incurred under the Credit Agreement.
Additionally, up to $20.0 million of incremental revolving commitments above the $50.0 million commitment amount may be incurred under the Credit Agreement. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, we had no outstanding balance related to the Revolving Credit Facility and no incremental revolving commitments were incurred.
In the prior year period, non-operating income primarily included a gain from the change in fair value of warrant liabilities and a net gain from foreign exchange rate fluctuations. For both periods, foreign exchange rate fluctuations largely related to U.S. dollar-denominated cash and intercompany receivables held by our foreign subsidiaries.
For both periods, foreign exchange rate fluctuations largely related to U.S. dollar-denominated cash and intercompany balances held by our foreign subsidiaries, including the settlement of such balances. The year ended December 31, 2023 also included a non-operating loss on investment that did not recur in the current year.
For a discussion of the year ended December 31, 2021, refer to Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Cash Flows” in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.
For a discussion of the year ended December 31, 2022, refer to Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Cash Flows” in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. 35 Share Repurchase Program Our board of directors approved a stock repurchase program under which we are authorized to repurchase up to $200.0 million of our Class A common stock with no requirement to purchase any minimum number of shares.
Financing activities resulted in a net cash outflow of $136.8 million primarily related to the repurchase of shares pursuant to the stock repurchase program, distributions to partners, withholding tax payments for vested of PWP Incentive Plan Awards, and dividend payments.
Financing activities resulted in a net cash outflow of $137.3 million primarily due to withholding tax payments for vested PWP Incentive Plan Awards and equity-classified Professional Partners Awards, the cash settlement of exchanges of PWP OpCo Units, share repurchases, dividend payments, and distributions to partners, all of which was partially offset by the issuance of 5,750,000 shares of Class A common stock for net proceeds of $66.0 million.
The increase in non-compensation expenses was primarily the result of higher travel and related expenses due to increases in both volume of travel and headcount, increased legal spend, elevated technology and infrastructure expenses related to certain investments, and higher rent and depreciation expenses due to overlapping rent and new assets being placed in service related to the renovation of the New York office space and relocation of the London office space.
The increase in non-compensation expenses was primarily the result of an increase in professional fees, including consulting fees tied to revenue contribution, bad debt write-offs, and higher depreciation expense due to new assets being placed in service subsequent to the second quarter of 2023 related to the renovation of the New York office space and relocation of the London office space.
In the current year, non-operating income included interest income, which substantially increased from the prior year due to higher interest rates and additional investments in U.S. Treasury securities.
In the current period, non-operating income primarily included interest income, which increased from the prior year due to higher interest rates and larger interest-bearing cash balances, and a net gain from foreign exchange rate fluctuations, compared to a net loss in the prior year.
Compensation and Benefits Expenses For the year ended December 31, 2023, total compensation and benefits expenses were $608.9 million, an increase of 12% compared with $545.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2022.
The increase was attributable to increased mergers and acquisition and financing and capital solutions activity, driven by larger transactions in size and number across the business. Compensation and Benefits Expenses For the year ended December 31, 2024, total compensation and benefits expenses were $784.2 million, an increase of 29% compared with $608.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Non-Compensation Expenses For the year ended December 31, 2023, total non-compensation expenses were $154.8 million, an increase of 16% compared with $133.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2022.
The increase in total compensation and benefits was partially offset by higher costs incurred in the prior year related to headcount reductions associated with a business realignment. Non-Compensation Expenses For the year ended December 31, 2024, total non-compensation expenses were $172.3 million, an increase of 11% compared with $154.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2023.
As of December 31, 2023, we had $175.9 million of operating lease liabilities. See Note 5—Leases in the notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K for further information as well as the expected timing of payments. During the current year, the Company completed construction of new office space in New York and London.
See Note 4—Leases in the notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K for further information as well as the expected timing of payments. 36 Market Risk and Credit Risk Our business is not capital-intensive and we do not invest in derivative instruments.
Accounts receivable typically have net terms of 30 days. Accounts receivable were $47.8 million, net of a $2.2 million allowance for credit losses balance as of December 31, 2023. Accounts receivable were $67.9 million, net of a $1.1 million allowance for credit losses balance as of December 31, 2022.
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses, were $73.3 million and $47.8 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. We have a Revolving Credit Facility with Cadence Bank with an available line of credit of $50.0 million.
Non-operating income (expenses) also included the change in fair value of warrant liabilities prior to the completion of the exchange offer and solicitation relating to the Company’s then-outstanding warrants on August 23, 2022. Non-Controlling Interests Non-controlling interests represent the ownership interests in PWP OpCo held by holders other than Perella Weinberg Partners, which are Professional Partners and the ILPs.
Non-Controlling Interests Non-controlling interests represent the ownership interests in PWP OpCo held by holders other than Perella Weinberg Partners, which are current and former working partners.
Investing activities resulted in a net cash outflow of $166.2 million largely attributable to the investment of excess cash in U.S. Treasury securities as well as the purchase of leasehold improvement fixed assets associated with the renovation of the New York office space and relocation of the London office space.
Investing activities resulted in a net cash outflow of $0.1 million attributable to the purchase of investments in U.S. Treasury securities and payments for additional investments and capital expenditures related to office space renovations, which was almost fully offset by a cash inflow from the maturation of investments in U.S. Treasury securities.
The increase in total compensation and benefits expenses was a result of a higher compensation margin on a higher revenue base, additional equity-based compensation expense from awards granted during the first quarter of 2023, and $37.3 million of business realignment costs associated with headcount reductions in the current year (the “Business Realignment”).
The increase in total compensation and benefits expenses was primarily the result of a higher bonus accrual in the current year period due to a higher revenue base, despite a lower compensation margin.
Removed
The amortization expense for certain equity-based awards granted by Professional Partners is allocated fully to non-controlling interests as these awards have no economic impact on, and do not dilute, PWP shareholders relative to Professional Partners. Refer to Note 12—Equity-Based Compensation in the notes to the consolidated financial statements for additional information.
Added
At the time of the Merger, the Company entered into vesting acceleration agreements with certain holders of Professional Partners Awards to accelerate vesting for all Professional Partners Awards during the second quarter of 2024 (the “Vesting Acceleration”). Prior to the Merger, the amortization expense for the Professional Partners Awards was allocated fully to non-controlling interests.
Removed
Such holders hold PWP OpCo Units that are exchangeable into PWP Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis.
Added
As a result of the Merger, these awards are considered granted by PWP OpCo and PWP OpCo as a whole bore the cost of the cash settlement feature of the awards, which was added in conjunction with the Merger.
Removed
Revenues attributed to mergers and acquisition activity were up year-over-year, while financing and capital solutions revenues were lower due to a few large financing fees in the prior year period, which offset positive performance in the restructuring business.
Added
As a result, subsequent to the Merger, the Company allocated the costs associated with these awards between Perella Weinberg Partners and non-controlling interests in proportion to their ownership interests, which is consistent with the allocation of the other profit and loss activity of PWP OpCo.
Removed
The Business Realignment was undertaken to improve compensation alignment and to provide for greater flexibility to advance strategic opportunities, and related costs include separation and transition benefits and the acceleration of equity-based compensation amortization (net of forfeitures) for terminated employees.
Added
The increase was also driven by higher equity-based compensation expense from the phase-in of our annual incentive award grants, as well as the Vesting Acceleration, which resulted in $144.2 million of equity-based compensation expense for the Professional Partners Awards in the current year period as compared to $68.5 million in the prior year period for the same awards.
Removed
Interest income was partially offset by a net loss from foreign exchange rate fluctuations, a non-operating loss on investment, and a charge related to a settlement reached with the staff of the SEC in connection with self-reporting relating to recordkeeping of business communications on “off-channel” messaging applications (the “Settlement”).
Added
Cash and cash equivalents include cash held at banks, including interest-bearing money market accounts, and short-term highly liquid investments that have original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase.
Removed
Pursuant to the Settlement, Perella Weinberg Partners LP, Tudor, Pickering, Holt & Co. Securities LLC, and Perella Weinberg Partners Capital Management LP, collectively, agreed to pay $2.5 million in the aggregate to the SEC on a joint and several liability basis.
Added
We had cash balances of $331.6 million and $247.2 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and cash equivalents of $20.2 million as of December 31, 2024, which included investments in U.S. Treasury securities. As of December 31, 2023, we held no cash equivalents. Additionally, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, we held U.S.
Removed
The Company recognized a charge of $1.25 million related to the Settlement, with the remainder recognized by Perella Weinberg Partners Capital Management LP (refer to Note 16—Related Party Transactions in the notes to the consolidated financial statements for information on the Company’s relationship to Perella Weinberg Partners Capital Management LP).
Added
For further information on the Revolving Credit Facility, refer to Note 9—Debt in the notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. On March 1, 2024, we issued and sold 5,750,000 shares of Class A common stock at a price of $12.00 per share for net proceeds of $66.0 million after deducting underwriting discounts and offering costs.
Removed
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had no outstanding balance related to the Revolving Credit Facility and no incremental revolving commitments were incurred. For further information on the Revolving Credit Facility, refer to Note 10—Debt in the notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
Added
During the second quarter of 2024, we paid or accrued a combined $86.6 million in settlement of certain Professional Partners Awards in connection with the Vesting Acceleration. Refer to Note 11—Equity-Based Compensation in the notes to the consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the Vesting Acceleration.
Removed
Share Repurchase Program The Company’s board of directors approved a stock repurchase program under which the Company is authorized to repurchase up to $200.0 million of the Company’s Class A common stock with no requirement to purchase any minimum number of shares.
Added
Also during the year ended December 31, 2024, we elected to settle exchanges of certain PWP OpCo Units and corresponding shares of Class B common stock for $63.4 million in cash. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we made $70.4 million of withholding tax payments for vested PWP Incentive Plan Awards.
Removed
During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company purchased 2,376,683 shares, at a cost of $22.5 million in the aggregate.
Added
Withholding tax payments for vested equity-classified Professional Partners Awards are included in the above-disclosed amount paid or accrued in settlement of certain Professional Partners Awards in connection with the Vesting Acceleration.
Removed
Other Commitments and Contractual Obligations Sponsor Share Surrender and Share Restriction Agreement Concurrent with the Business Combination Agreement, the Company and certain other parties entered into the Sponsor Share Surrender and Share Restriction Agreement with the Sponsor, which was amended on May 4, 2021.
Added
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we repurchased 1,000,000 founder shares at a purchase price of $15.00 per share. As of December 31, 2024, $93.8 million remains of the $200.0 million authorized for share repurchases.
Removed
See Note 11—Stockholders’ Equity in the notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K for further information.
Added
Whether future exchanges are settled in cash or shares of Class A common stock is at our discretion and will depend on our liquidity and capital resources, market conditions, the timing and concentration of exchange elections and other factors.
Removed
As of December 31, 2023, the Company had $6 million of remaining cash payments, net of tenant improvement allowances, related to these projects.
Added
Of this amount, $20.2 million is presented in Cash and cash equivalents and $75.8 million is presented in Investments in short-term marketable debt securities on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
Removed
Business Realignment We currently estimate that approximately $15 million of cash payments remain outstanding related to the Business Realignment, substantially all of which are expected to be paid during the first half of 2024. 37 Market Risk and Credit Risk Our business is not capital-intensive and we do not invest in derivative instruments.
Added
Due to this constraint, a significant portion of revenue recognized for advisory services in any given period often relates to services performed in prior periods.

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Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market Risk — interest-rate, FX, commodity exposure

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Biggest changeItem 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk are set forth above in Item 7—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Market Risk and Credit Risk. 40
Biggest changeItem 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk are set forth above in Item 7—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Market Risk and Credit Risk. 39

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