10q10k10q10k.net

What changed in BRC Group Holdings, Inc.'s 10-K — 2022 vs 2023

vs

Paragraph-level year-over-year comparison of BRC Group Holdings, Inc.'s 2022 and 2023 10-K annual filings, covering the Business, Risk Factors, Legal Proceedings, Cybersecurity, MD&A and Market Risk sections. Every new, removed and edited paragraph is highlighted side-by-side so you can see exactly what management changed in the 2023 report.

+493 added−546 removedSource: 10-K (2024-04-24) vs 10-K (2023-03-16)

Top changes in BRC Group Holdings, Inc.'s 2023 10-K

493 paragraphs added · 546 removed · 309 edited across 6 sections

Item 1. Business

Business — how the company describes what it does

37 edited+30 added−7 removed56 unchanged
Biggest changeWe source, structure, price and allocate underwritten public offerings and private placements spanning initial public offerings (“IPOs”), secondary and follow-on offerings, at-the-market offerings (“ATMs”), Rule 144A offerings (pre-public private placements), block trades, and corporate equity repurchase programs. 2 Table of Contents Our debt capital markets capabilities include the structuring and sourcing of debt financing solutions in public and private capital markets including acting as an underwriter of preferred stock and unsecured notes offerings, convertible and mezzanine debt offerings, and leveraged loans.
Biggest changeOur debt capital markets capabilities include the structuring and sourcing of debt financing solutions in public and private capital markets including acting as an underwriter of preferred stock and unsecured notes offerings, convertible and mezzanine debt offerings, and leveraged loans. In addition, we raise capital for private credit and private equity funds focused on the middle market.
We maintain client relationships with companies and service providers to the consumer goods, industrials, energy, financial services, healthcare, real estate, and technology industries. We provide fund and asset management services and products to institutional, high-net-worth and individual investors. Our communications and consumer businesses primarily provide services and related consumer products to individual customers.
We maintain client relationships with companies and service providers to the consumer goods, industrials, energy, financial services, healthcare, real estate, and technology industries. We provide fund and asset management services and products to institutional, high-net-worth and individual investors. Our communications and consumer products businesses primarily provide services and related consumer products to individual customers.
Our appraisal professionals offer deep specialization across industries and asset classes, including consumer retail, wholesale and industrial inventory, machinery and equipment, real estate, tax valuation, intellectual property (“IP”), fixed assets, business and securities, and intangible assets. We conduct over 1,500 independent appraisals annually, many of which include recurring company assignments to support asset-based lending (“ABL”) facilities.
Our appraisal professionals offer deep specialization across industries and asset classes, including consumer retail, wholesale and industrial inventory, machinery and equipment, real estate, tax valuation, intellectual property (“IP”), fixed assets, business and securities, and intangible assets. We conduct over 1,600 independent appraisals annually, many of which include recurring company assignments to support asset-based lending (“ABL”) facilities.
We have increased our market share and expanded the depth and breadth of our businesses both organically and through opportunistic acquisitions. Our increasingly diversified platform enables us to invest opportunistically and to deliver strong long-term investment performance throughout a range of economic cycles. Our platform is comprised of more than 2,615 affiliated professionals, including employees and independent contractors.
We have increased our market share and expanded the depth and breadth of our businesses both organically and through opportunistic acquisitions. Our increasingly diversified platform enables us to invest opportunistically and to deliver strong long-term investment performance throughout a range of economic cycles. Our platform is comprised of more than 2,700 affiliated professionals, including employees and independent contractors.
In addition, we trade equity securities as a principal for our account, including investments in funds managed by our subsidiaries. We maintain an investment portfolio comprised of public and private equities and debt securities. We also opportunistically provide loans to our clients. Our investment approach is value-oriented and represents a core competency of our capital markets strategy.
In addition, we trade equity securities as a principal for our account, including investments in funds managed by our subsidiaries. We maintain an investment portfolio comprised of public and private equities and debt securities. We also opportunistically provide loans to our clients and other borrowers. Our investment approach is value-oriented and represents a core competency of our capital markets strategy.
We participate in targeted job fairs and events to seek out diverse talent recruits. We partner with a nonprofit foundation whose mission is to develop industry education programs that support developing diverse leaders as they prepare to embark upon their careers. We look forward to expanding these and other initiatives to support our efforts.
We participate in targeted job fairs and events to seek out underrepresented talent. We partner with a nonprofit foundation whose mission is to develop industry education programs that support developing diverse leaders as they prepare to embark upon their careers. We look forward to expanding these and other initiatives to support our efforts.
Institutional Sales and Trading Our institutional equity sales and trading team distributes our proprietary equity research products and communicates our investment recommendations to our client base of institutional investors, executes equity trades on behalf of clients, sells the securities of companies for which we act as an underwriter, and makes a market in over 1,000 securities.
Institutional Sales and Trading Our institutional equity sales and trading team distributes our proprietary equity research products and communicates our investment recommendations to our client base of institutional investors, executes equity trades on behalf of clients, sells the securities of companies for which we act as an underwriter, and makes a market in over 1,500 securities.
Item 1. BUSINESS Overview B. Riley Financial, Inc. (Nasdaq: RILY) (the “Company”) is a diversified financial services platform that delivers tailored solutions to meet the strategic, operational, and capital needs of its clients and partners. We operate through several 1 Table of Contents consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, “B.
Item 1. BUSINESS Overview B. Riley Financial, Inc. (Nasdaq: RILY) (the “Company”) is a diversified financial services platform that delivers tailored solutions to meet the strategic, operational, and capital needs of its clients and partners. We operate through several consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, “B.
Our team concentrates on opportunities presented by distressed companies or divisions that exhibit challenging market dynamics. Representative transactions include acquisitions of receivable portfolios, recapitalizations, direct equity investments, debt investments, active minority investments, and buyouts. Venture Capital 3 Table of Contents We invest in late-stage private growth companies with a path towards public markets.
Our team concentrates on opportunities presented by distressed companies or divisions that exhibit challenging market dynamics. Representative transactions include acquisitions of receivable portfolios, recapitalizations, direct equity investments, debt investments, active minority investments, and buyouts. Venture Capital We invest in late-stage private growth companies with a path towards public markets.
Auction and Liquidation Segment 4 Table of Contents We provide retail liquidation services that utilize significant industry experience and a scalable network of independent contractors and advisors to help clients quickly and efficiently dispose of under-performing assets and generate cash from excess inventory by conducting or assisting in retail store closings, going out of business sales, bankruptcy sales, and fixture sales.
Auction and Liquidation Segment We provide retail liquidation services that utilize significant industry experience and a scalable network of independent contractors and advisors to help clients quickly and efficiently dispose of under-performing assets and generate cash from excess inventory by conducting or assisting in retail store closings, going out of business sales, bankruptcy sales, and fixture sales.
Our broker-dealer subsidiaries are subject to regulations governing every aspect of the securities business, including the execution of securities transactions; capital requirements; record-keeping and reporting procedures; relationships with 6 Table of Contents customers, including the handling of cash and margin accounts; the experience of and training requirements for certain employees; and business interactions with firms that are not members of regulatory bodies.
Our broker-dealer subsidiaries are subject to regulations governing every aspect of the securities business, including the execution of securities transactions; capital requirements; record-keeping and reporting procedures; relationships with customers, including the handling of cash and margin accounts; the experience of and training requirements for certain employees; and business interactions with firms that are not members of regulatory bodies.
We are often called on to assist government agencies such as the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), Department of Justice, and various state and municipalities to investigate allegations and provide expert analyses related to lost profits and financial damages, data analytics, and to provide expert witness testimony in court proceedings.
We are often called on to assist government agencies such as the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), Department of Justice, and 3 Table of Contents various state and municipalities to investigate allegations and provide expert analyses related to lost profits and financial damages, data analytics, and to provide expert witness testimony in court proceedings.
We participate in rounds by allocating between $1.0-10.0 million as part of a larger round (Series B, C, or D), with an investment horizon targeting 2-3x returns over two to three years. We are not a venture fund; investments are made off-balance sheet and syndicated across B. Riley’s investment banking, institutional, and high-net-worth individual client base.
We typically participate in rounds by allocating between $1.0-10.0 million as part of a larger round (Series B, C, or D), with an investment horizon over two to three years. We are not a venture fund; investments are made off-balance sheet and syndicated across B. Riley’s investment banking, institutional, and high-net-worth individual client base.
We strive to attract quality talent with the expertise to lead in their respective fields, innovative and independent thinkers who can collaborate on creative ways to better serve our clients and customers, and individuals with the agility to thrive in a fast-paced environment.
We strive to attract quality talent with the expertise to lead in their respective fields, innovative and independent thinkers who can collaborate on creative ways to better serve our clients and customers, and individuals with 8 Table of Contents the agility to thrive in a fast-paced environment.
Also, we compete against established alternative voice communication providers, and may face competition from other large, well-capitalized Internet companies. Our consumer and brand businesses compete with companies that own other brands and trademarks, and other consumer brands as these companies could enter into similar licensing arrangements with domestic and international retailers and wholesalers.
Also, we compete against established alternative voice communication providers, and may face competition from other large, well-capitalized Internet companies. 6 Table of Contents Our Targus and brand businesses compete with companies that own other brands and trademarks, and other consumer brands as these companies could enter into similar licensing arrangements with domestic and international retailers and wholesalers.
Human Capital As of December 31, 2022, we had 2,210 full time employees across our business and industry verticals, spanning, among others, investment professionals, investment bankers, brokers, advisors, and experts in forensic accounting, appraisal, and asset disposition. Over the past year, we have welcomed colleagues through our acquisitions and attracted top talent to our platform.
Human Capital As of December 31, 2023, we had 2,383 full time employees across our business and industry verticals, spanning, among others, investment professionals, investment bankers, brokers, advisors, and experts in appraisal, forensic accounting, restructuring and turnaround, and asset disposition. Over the past year, we have welcomed colleagues through our acquisitions and attracted top talent to our platform.
Our consumer businesses and their respective contract manufacturers are subject to regulation under various federal, state, local, and foreign laws concerning the environment, including laws addressing governing the manufacturing use and distribution of materials and chemical substances in products, their safe use, and laws restricting the presence of certain substances in electronics products.
Our Targus business and its respective contract manufacturers are subject to regulation under various federal, state, local, and foreign laws concerning the environment, including laws addressing governing the manufacturing use and distribution of materials and chemical substances in products, their safe use, and laws restricting the presence of certain substances in electronics products.
Our experienced financial advisors provide investment management, retirement planning, education planning, wealth transfer and trust coordination, and lending and liquidity solutions. Our investment strategists provide strategies and real-time market views and commentary to help our clients make important and informed financial and investment decisions. AUM in our wealth management segment totaled approximately $23.9 billion as of December 31, 2022.
Our experienced financial advisors provide investment management, retirement planning, education planning, wealth transfer and trust coordination, and lending and liquidity solutions. Our investment strategists provide strategies and real-time market views and commentary to help our clients make important and informed financial and investment decisions. AUM in our wealth management segment totaled approximately $25.4 billion as of December 31, 2023.
We believe access to leadership is a critical part of mentoring our associates and the future leaders of our profession across all practices and sectors. In 2019, we launched our Ambassador program to facilitate increased intra and inter-organizational relationships and to identify and support emerging leaders across our organization.
We believe access to leadership is a critical part of mentoring our associates and the future leaders of our profession across all practices and sectors. Five years ago, we launched our Ambassador Program to facilitate increased intra- and inter-organizational relationships and to identify and support emerging leaders across our organization.
Fund Management and Asset Management We manage private funds and funds of funds. Our managed funds invest in both public and private equities and debt securities, often leveraging the insight, expertise, and resources of our affiliates. Assets under management (“AUM”) for this business totaled over $330.0 million as of December 31, 2022.
Fund Management and Asset Management 2 Table of Contents We manage private funds and funds of funds. Our managed funds invest in both public and private equities and debt securities, often leveraging the insight, expertise, and resources of our affiliates. Assets under management (“AUM”) for this business totaled over $287.0 million as of December 31, 2023.
Targus is a multinational company that designs, manufactures, and sells consumer and enterprise productivity products with a large business-to-business (B2B) customer client base and global distribution in over 100 countries. The Targus product line includes laptop and tablet cases, backpacks, universal docking stations, and computer accessories. The Company acquired Targus on October 18, 2022.
Consumer Products Segment The Consumer Products segment is comprised of Targus, which is a multinational company that designs, manufactures, and sells consumer and enterprise productivity products with a large business-to-business (B2B) customer client base and global distribution in over 100 countries. The Targus product line includes laptop and tablet cases, backpacks, universal docking stations, and computer accessories.
We foster our culture and purpose across our affiliated companies with firmwide initiatives, including our Ambassador Program. We strive to expand our efforts in attracting talent from diverse cultural backgrounds to support the expansion of racial and gender diversity, equity, and inclusion within the industries in which we operate.
The Ambassador Program is just one example of initiatives developed to foster our culture and purpose across our affiliated companies. We strive to expand our efforts in attracting talent from diverse cultural backgrounds to support the expansion of racial and gender diversity, equity, and inclusion within the industries in which we operate.
We graduated our largest intern class to date in 2022, including several who converted into full time roles. The dedication and support of our internal Finance and Accounting, Human Resources, Operations, Technology, Marketing and Communication, and Legal and Compliance teams continue to be paramount to both B. Riley and our clients’ collective success.
We graduated another large intern class in 2023, including several who converted into full time roles. The dedication and support of our internal Finance and Accounting, Human Resources, Operations, Technology, Marketing and Communication, and Legal and Compliance teams continue to be paramount to both B. Riley and our clients’ collective success. We have a world-class team of colleagues across B.
Each of our major functional groups selects rising stars within their respective divisions who represent highly motivated individuals who demonstrate their interest to grow with the firm by participating in collaborative knowledge sharing across our divisions and promoting firmwide internal learning and development initiatives across B. Riley.
Every two years, each of our major functional groups selects rising stars within their respective divisions. These are highly motivated individuals who have demonstrated their interest to grow with the firm by participating in collaborative knowledge sharing across our divisions and serve to promote firmwide internal learning and development initiatives across B. Riley.
We are primarily engaged for our financial services by corporate customers, including publicly held and privately owned companies, 5 Table of Contents financial institutions, institutional investors, lenders and other capital providers, and legal and other professional services firms.
Our Customers We serve retail, corporate, capital providers and individual customers across our services lines. We are primarily engaged for our financial services by corporate customers, including publicly held and privately owned companies, financial institutions, institutional investors, lenders and other capital providers, and legal and other professional services firms.
Some of magicJack’s operations are also subject to regulation by state public utility commissions. 7 Table of Contents Our consumer businesses conduct operations in a number of countries and is subject to a variety of laws and regulations which vary from country to country.
Some of magicJack’s operations are also subject to regulation by state public utility commissions. Our Targus business conducts operations in a number of countries and is subject to a variety of laws and regulations which vary from country to country.
We may pursue future acquisitions to expand this portfolio of businesses which currently includes: Lingo Management, LLC (“Lingo”), a global cloud/unified communications (“UC”) and managed service provider; BullsEye Telecom (“BullsEye”), a single source communications and cloud technology provider; Marconi Wireless Holdings, LLC (“Marconi Wireless”), a mobile virtual network operator (“MVNO”) that provides mobile phone voice, text, and data services and devices; magicJack VocalTec Ltd.
We may pursue future acquisitions to expand this portfolio of businesses which currently includes: Lingo Management, LLC (“Lingo Management”), a global cloud/unified communications (“UC”) and managed service provider that includes the operations of BullsEye Telecom (“BullsEye”) that was merged into Lingo Management in July 2023, a single source communications and cloud technology provider (collectively “Lingo”); Marconi Wireless Holdings, LLC (“Marconi Wireless”), a mobile virtual network operator (“MVNO”) that provides mobile phone voice, text, and data services and devices; magicJack VoIP Services, LLC, (“magicJack”), a VoIP cloud-based technology and communications provider that offers related devices and subscription services; and United Online, Inc.
The descriptions below illustrate the businesses that comprise our segments. Capital Markets Segment We provide investment banking and institutional brokerage services to publicly traded and privately held companies, institutional investors, and financial sponsors; fund and asset management services to institutional and high-net-worth individual investors; and direct lending services to middle market companies.
Capital Markets Segment 1 Table of Contents We provide investment banking and institutional brokerage services to publicly traded and privately held companies, institutional investors, and financial sponsors; fund and asset management services to institutional and high-net-worth individual investors; and direct lending services to middle market companies.
Failure to comply with these requirements may result in monetary, regulatory and, in the case of the USA Patriot Act, criminal penalties. Our asset management subsidiaries, BRCM, BRAM, and BRWM, are SEC-registered investment advisers, and accordingly subject to regulation by the SEC.
Failure to comply with these requirements may result in monetary, regulatory and, in the case of the USA Patriot Act, criminal penalties. Our asset management subsidiaries are SEC-registered investment advisers, and accordingly subject to regulation by the SEC. Requirements under the Investment Advisors Act of 1940 include record-keeping, advertising and operating requirements, and prohibitions on fraudulent activities.
We also offer all employees access to our employee assistance program, physical health and mental wellness programs, and when possible, support flexible employment arrangements, such as remote work that empower individuals to pursue a work/life balance model that provides personal flexibility while supporting high level of productivity and client service. 8 Table of Contents Workplace health and safety is a vital to the successful operation of our business.
We also offer all employees access to our employee assistance program, physical health and mental wellness programs and whenever possible, support flexible employment arrangements, such as remote work, that provide personal flexibility without sacrificing productivity and client service. Workplace health and safety is vital to the successful operation of our business.
We provide financial advisory and execution services in support of mergers & acquisitions (“M&A”), restructuring, and recapitalization. Equity Research We are widely recognized for our proprietary and thematic approach to equity research. Our research primarily focuses on small- and mid-cap equities that are under-followed by Wall Street.
Equity Research We are widely recognized for our proprietary and thematic approach to equity research. Our research primarily focuses on small- and mid-cap equities that are under-followed by Wall Street.
Riley was founded in 1997 by our Co-Chief Executive Officers Bryant Riley and Tom Kelleher, incorporated in Delaware in 2009, and became publicly listed through its strategic combination with Great American Group, LLC in 2014. Our Business Segments We report our activities in six reportable business segments: Capital Markets, Wealth Management, Financial Consulting, Auction and Liquidation, Communications, and Consumer segment.
Riley was founded in 1997 by our Co-Chief Executive Officers Bryant Riley and Tom Kelleher, incorporated in Delaware in 2009, and became publicly listed through its strategic combination with Great American Group, LLC in 2014.
Requirements under the Investment Advisors Act of 1940 include record-keeping, advertising and operating requirements, and prohibitions on fraudulent activities. We are subject to federal and state consumer protection laws, including regulations prohibiting unfair and deceptive trade practices. In addition, numerous states and municipalities regulate the conduct of auctions and the liability of auctioneers.
We are subject to federal and state consumer protection laws, including regulations prohibiting unfair and deceptive trade practices. In addition, numerous states and municipalities regulate the conduct of auctions and the liability of 7 Table of Contents auctioneers.
In addition, we raise capital for private credit and private equity funds focused on the middle market. Our investment banking advisory professionals blend deep industry and transaction expertise to execute financial transactions for healthy companies pursuing growth, and for stakeholders of financially distressed companies, both in bankruptcy proceedings and out-of-court transactions.
Our investment banking advisory professionals blend deep industry and transaction expertise to execute financial transactions for healthy companies pursuing growth, and for stakeholders of financially distressed companies, both in bankruptcy proceedings and out-of-court transactions. We provide financial advisory and execution services in support of mergers & acquisitions (“M&A”), restructuring, and recapitalization.
We operate in a highly collaborative, competitive, and fast-paced environment with an entrepreneurial culture that empowers our professionals to grow their own way and to succeed through mentorship opportunities.
Riley. We recognize that our people are our most valuable asset and remain committed to providing the direction, support and resources necessary for our teams to succeed both professionally and personally. We operate in a highly collaborative, competitive, and fast-paced environment with an entrepreneurial culture that empowers our professionals to grow their own way and to succeed through mentorship opportunities.
We are headquartered in Los Angeles, California and maintain offices throughout the U.S. including in New York, Chicago, Metro District of Columbia, Atlanta, Boston, Dallas, Metro Detroit, Houston, Memphis, Miami, San Francisco, Boca Raton, and West Palm Beach. Our major operating subsidiaries include B. Riley Securities, Inc. (“BRS”), a full-service middle market investment bank and institutional broker-dealer; B.
We are headquartered in Los Angeles, California and maintain offices throughout the U.S., including in New York, Chicago, Metro District of Columbia, Atlanta, Boston, Dallas, Metro Detroit, Houston, Memphis, Miami, San Francisco, Boca Raton, and West Palm Beach, as well as additional offices located in Canada, Europe, Asia, and Australia. B.
(“magicJack”), a VoIP cloud-based technology and communications provider that offers related devices and subscription services; and United Online, Inc. (“UOL”), an Internet access provider that offers dial-up, mobile broadband and digital subscriber line (“DSL”) services under the NetZero and Juno brands. Consumer Segment Our Consumer segment consists of Targus (“Targus”) and our Brands (“Brands”) investment portfolio.
(“UOL”), an Internet access provider that offers dial-up, mobile broadband and digital subscriber line (“DSL”) services under the NetZero and Juno brands.
Removed
Riley Wealth Management, Inc. (“BRWM”), a national boutique wealth management firm and retail broker-dealer; B. Riley Advisory Services, Inc. (“BR Advisory”), a specialty business advisory and valuation services firm; and B. Riley Retail Solutions, Inc. (“BR Retail”), a retail liquidation and asset disposition firm. B.
Added
Our Business Segments We report our activities in six reportable business segments: Capital Markets, Wealth Management, Financial Consulting, Auction and Liquidation, Communications, and Consumer Products segment. The descriptions below illustrate the businesses that comprise our segments.
Removed
Our brands portfolio is focused on generating revenue through the licensing of trademarks and our brand investments. We hold majority ownership interest in BR Brands, which owns the assets and intellectual property related to licenses of six brands: Catherine Malandrino, English Laundry, Joan Vass, Kensie Girl, Limited Too and Nanette Lepore.
Added
We source, structure, price and allocate underwritten public offerings and private placements spanning initial public offerings (“IPOs”), secondary and follow-on offerings, at-the-market offerings (“ATMs”), Rule 144A offerings (pre-public private placements), block trades, and corporate equity repurchase programs.
Removed
Additionally, we maintain significant equity ownership in the Hurley and Justice brands with Bluestar Alliance, LLC. Recent Developments On October 18, 2022, we acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of Targus in a transaction pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”).
Added
The Company acquired Targus on October 18, 2022. 4 Table of Contents Recent Developments Great American Group Strategic Alternatives Review.
Removed
The purchase price consideration totaled $247.5 million, which consisted of $112.7 million in cash, $54.0 million in seller financing, $59.0 million in 6.75% senior notes due 2024, $15.3 million in the issuance of the Company's common stock and stock options, and $6.5 million in deferred payments.
Added
On February 29, 2024, we announced that we had retained Moelis & Company LLC as an independent financial advisor to assist in our review of strategic alternatives for our Appraisal and Valuation Services, and Retail, Wholesale & Industrial Solutions businesses (collectively formerly known as “Great American Group”), which could include a potential sale or other transaction.
Removed
In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805, we used the acquisition method of accounting for this acquisition. Goodwill of $75.8 million and other intangible assets of $89.0 million were recorded as a result of the acquisition. The acquisition offers the potential for accretive growth to our dividend capacity and complements our existing investments in our Consumer segment.
Added
If a potential transaction were to be consummated, we anticipate that proceeds may be used in a variety of ways including de-levering our balance sheet, repurchasing shares and bonds in the open market, and investing in the platform and in particular, B. Riley Securities, Inc. (“BRS”).
Removed
To finance part of the acquisition, on October 18, 2022, we entered into a credit agreement with PNC Bank, National Association (“PNC”), as agent and security trustee for a five-year $28.0 million term loan and a five-year $85.0 million revolver loan. Our Customers We serve retail, corporate, capital providers and individual customers across our services lines.
Added
There can be no assurances that we will complete, or as to the terms of, any such potential transaction. Audit Committee Review/Investigation . As previously disclosed, after we learned from news reports in November 2023 that Brian Kahn, the then Chief Executive Officer of Freedom VCM Holdings, LLC (“Freedom VCM”) and the Franchise Group, Inc.
Removed
We have a world-class team of colleagues across B. Riley. We recognize that our people are our most valuable asset and remain committed to providing the direction, support and resources necessary for our teams to succeed both professionally and personally.
Added
(“FRG”), was identified as an unindicted co-conspirator in SEC allegations and criminal charges of securities fraud against an executive of an unrelated hedge fund, the Audit Committee of the Board retained Sullivan & Cromwell LLP to conduct a thorough, internal review of the transactions among Mr. Kahn (and his affiliates) and the Company (and its affiliates).
Added
The review confirmed what we previously disclosed: that the Company and its executives, including Bryant Riley, had no involvement with, or knowledge of, any of the alleged misconduct concerning Brian Kahn or any of his affiliates.
Added
On February 22, 2024, our Board of Directors issued a statement regarding its review of the circumstances associated with our participation in the management-led buyout of FRG and related matters. Subsequently, the Audit Committee engaged Winston & Strawn LLP as separate, independent counsel to assist the Audit Committee in conducting an investigation of these same matters and related allegations.
Added
As separately disclosed by us on the date of this Annual Report, following receipt of the results of the independent investigation as assisted by Winston & Strawn LLP, the Board of Directors and the Audit Committee reconfirmed that the Company and its executives, including Bryant R.
Added
Riley, Chairman and Co-Chief Executive Officer, had no involvement with, or knowledge of, any of the alleged misconduct concerning Brian Kahn or any of his affiliates. FRG Take-Private and Related Transactions.
Added
On August 21, 2023, we acquired an equity interest in Freedom VCM for $216.5 million in cash in connection with the closing of the acquisition of FRG, by a buyer group that included members of senior management of FRG, led by Brian Kahn, FRG’s then Chief Executive Officer (the “FRG take-private transaction”).
Added
In connection with the closing of the FRG take-private transaction, we terminated an investment advisory agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”) with Mr. Kahn. Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, Mr.
Added
Kahn, as financial advisor, had the sole power to vote or dispose of $64.6 million of shares of FRG common stock (based on the value of FRG shares in the FRG take-private transaction as of the closing date of such transaction) held of record by BRS. Upon the termination of the Advisory Agreement, (i) Mr.
Added
Kahn’s right to vote or dispose of such FRG shares terminated, (ii) such FRG shares owned by BRS were rolled over into additional equity interests in Freedom VCM in connection with the FRG take-private transaction, and (iii) Mr.
Added
Kahn owed a total of $20.9 million to us under the Advisory Agreement which amount was added to, and included in, the Amended and Restated Note (as defined below). Simultaneously with the completion of the FRG take-private transaction, one of our subsidiaries and Vintage Capital Management, LLC (“VCM”), an affiliate of Mr.
Added
Kahn, amended and restated a promissory note (the “Amended and Restated Note”), pursuant to which VCM owes our subsidiary the aggregate principal amount of $200.5 million and bears interest at the rate of 12% per annum payable-in-kind with a maturity date of December 31, 2027.
Added
The Amended and Restated Note requires repayments prior to the maturity date from certain proceeds received by VCM, Mr. Kahn or his affiliates from, among other proceeds, distributions or dividends paid by Freedom VCM in amount equal to the greater of (i) 80% of the net after-tax proceeds, and (ii) 50% of gross proceeds.
Added
The obligations under the Amended and Restated Note are primarily secured by a first priority perfected security interest in Freedom VCM equity interests owned by Mr.
Added
Kahn, the CEO and a board member of Freedom VCM as of December 31, 2023, and his spouse with a value (based on the transaction price in the FRG take-private transaction) of $227.3 million as of August 21, 2023. On January 22, 2024, Mr. Kahn resigned as CEO and a member of the board of directors of Freedom VCM.
Added
The fair value of the Freedom VCM equity interest owned by Mr. Kahn and his spouse was $232.1 million as of December 31, 2023. Amounts owing under the Amended and Restated Note may be repaid at any time without penalty.
Added
On a quarterly basis, the Company will continue to obtain third party appraisals to evaluate the value of the collateral of the loan since the repayment of the loan and accrued interest will be paid primarily from the cash distributions from Freedom VCM or foreclosure on the underlying collateral.
Added
Deterioration in the collateral, including in the performance of Freedom VCM or delays in the execution of its strategies, including the possible disposition of additional businesses and further de-leveraging of its balance sheet, for the loan receivable may impact the ultimate collection of principal and interest.
Added
In the event the loan balance and accrued interest exceed the underlying collateral value of the loan, this will impact the fair value of the loan and result in an unrealized loss being recorded in the consolidated statements of operations. 5 Table of Contents Following these transactions, we own an equity interest of $281.1 million or 31% of the outstanding equity interests in Freedom VCM.
Added
Also in connection with the FRG take-private transaction, on August 21, 2023 all of the equity interests of B. Riley Receivables II, LLC (“BRRII”), a majority-owned subsidiary of the Company, were sold to a Freedom VCM affiliate, which resulted in a loss of $0.1 million.
Added
In connection with the sale, the Freedom VCM affiliate assumed the obligations with respect to the Pathlight Credit Agreement, as further discussed in Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements, and we entered into a non-recourse promissory note with another Freedom VCM affiliate in the amount of $58.9 million, with a stated interest rate of 19.74% and a maturity date of August 21, 2033 (the “Freedom Receivables Note”) with payments of principal and interest on the note limited solely to performance of certain receivables held by BRRII.
Added
As of December 31, 2023, the loan balance was $42.2 million. On December 18, 2023, we made a $108.0 million loan to Conn’s Inc. (“Conn’s”) a specialty retailer of home goods, pursuant to a second-lien term loan and security agreement (the “Conn’s Term Loan”) in connection with the acquisition by Conn’s of W.S.
Added
Badcock LLC (“Badcock”), a portfolio company of Freedom VCM. The Conn’s Term Loan bears interest at an aggregate rate per annum equal to the Term SOFR Rate (as defined in the Conn’s Term Loan), subject to a 4.80% floor, plus a margin of 8.00% and matures on February 20, 2027.
Added
The Conn’s Term Loan is secured by liens (subject, in the case of priority, to the liens under Conn’s revolving credit facility with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent for the lenders party thereto) on substantially all of the assets of the Conn’s, the other borrowers party thereto and their subsidiaries, subject to customary exceptions.
Added
This loan is reported as a related party loan receivable due to the Company’s related party relationship with Freedom VCM and Freedom VCM’s ability to exercise influence over Conn’s as a result of the equity consideration Freedom VCM received from the sale of Badcock to Conn’s on December 18, 2023.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Risk Factors — what could go wrong, per management

114 edited+44 added−39 removed421 unchanged
Biggest changeConsequently, the loss of any financial institutions as clients may have an adverse impact on our business. • Poor investment performance may decrease assets under management and reduce revenues from and the profitability of our asset management business. • Dial-up and DSL pay accounts may decline faster than expected and adversely impact our business. • If we fail to innovate and develop new products in our consumer businesses in a timely and cost-effective manner for its new and existing product categories, our business and operating results could be adversely affected. • Our consumer businesses purchase key components and products from a limited number of sources, and our business and operating results could be adversely affected if supply were delayed or constrained or if there were shortages of required components. • The failure of our licensees to sell products that generate royalties to us, to pay us royalties pursuant to their license agreements with us, or to renew these agreements could negatively affect our results of operations and financial condition. • We operate in highly competitive industries.
Biggest changeConsequently, the loss of any financial institutions as clients may have an adverse impact on our business. • Poor investment performance may decrease assets under management and reduce revenues from and the profitability of our asset management business. • Dial-up and DSL pay accounts may decline faster than expected and adversely impact our business. • Our consumer businesses purchase key components and products from a limited number of sources, and our business and operating results could be adversely affected if supply were delayed or constrained or if there were shortages of required components. • The failure of our licensees to sell products that generate royalties to us, to pay us royalties pursuant to their license agreements with us, or to renew these agreements could negatively affect our results of operations and financial condition. • Significant disruptions of information technology systems, breaches of data security, or unauthorized disclosures of sensitive data or personally identifiable information could adversely affect our business, and could subject us to liability or reputational damage. 10 Table of Contents • Anti-takeover provisions under our charter documents and Delaware law could delay or prevent a change of control and could also limit the market price of our stock. • Because of their significant stock ownership, some of our existing stockholders will be able to exert control over us and our significant corporate decisions. • Our common stock price may fluctuate substantially, and your investment could suffer a decline in value. • We may not pay dividends regularly or at all in the future. • Our level of indebtedness, and restrictions under such indebtedness, could adversely affect our operations and liquidity. • The price of our securities may be adversely affected by third parties who raise allegations about our Company.
Risks Related to Our Consumer Segment If Targus fails to innovate and develop new products in a timely and cost-effective manner for its new and existing product categories, our business and operating results could be adversely affected.
Risks Related to Our Consumer Products Segment If Targus fails to innovate and develop new products in a timely and cost-effective manner for its new and existing product categories, our business and operating results could be adversely affected.
Changes in the consumer protection laws could result in the following: • receivables not originated in compliance with law (or revised interpretations) could become unenforceable and uncollectible under their terms against the obligors; • the servicer may be required to credit or refund previously collected amounts, resulting in a reduction in amounts paid to us; • certain fees and finance charges could be limited, prohibited, or restricted, reducing the profitability of certain investments in receivables; 25 Table of Contents • certain collection methods could be prohibited, forcing the parties that service our receivables portfolio to revise their practices or adopt more costly or less effective practices; • limitations on the servicer's ability to recover on charged-off receivables regardless of any act or omission on their or our part; • some credit products and services could be banned in certain states or at the federal level; • federal or state bankruptcy or debtor relief laws could offer additional protections to consumers seeking bankruptcy protection, providing a court greater leeway to reduce or discharge amounts owed; and • a reduction in our ability or willingness to invest in receivables arising under loans to certain consumers, such as military personnel.
Changes in the consumer protection laws could result in the following: • receivables not originated in compliance with law (or revised interpretations) could become unenforceable and uncollectible under their terms against the obligors; • the servicer may be required to credit or refund previously collected amounts, resulting in a reduction in amounts paid to us; • certain fees and finance charges could be limited, prohibited, or restricted, reducing the profitability of certain investments in receivables; 26 Table of Contents • certain collection methods could be prohibited, forcing the parties that service our receivables portfolio to revise their practices or adopt more costly or less effective practices; • limitations on the servicer's ability to recover on charged-off receivables regardless of any act or omission on their or our part; • some credit products and services could be banned in certain states or at the federal level; • federal or state bankruptcy or debtor relief laws could offer additional protections to consumers seeking bankruptcy protection, providing a court greater leeway to reduce or discharge amounts owed; and • a reduction in our ability or willingness to invest in receivables arising under loans to certain consumers, such as military personnel.
Conditions in the financial markets and general economic conditions have impacted and may continue to impact our ability to generate business and revenues, which may cause significant fluctuations in our stock price. • Our opportunity to act as underwriter or placement agent could be adversely affected by a reduction in the number and size of capital raising transactions or by competing sources of equity. 11 Table of Contents • The number and size of mergers and acquisitions transactions or other strategic advisory services where we act as adviser could be adversely affected by continued uncertainties in valuations related to asset quality and creditworthiness, volatility in the equity markets, and diminished access to financing. • Market volatility could lead to a decline in the volume of transactions that we execute for our customers and, therefore, to a decline in the revenue we receive from commissions and spreads. • We have experienced and may experience in the future losses in securities trading activities, or as a result of write-downs in the value of securities that we own, as a result of deteriorations in the businesses or creditworthiness of the issuers of such securities. • We have experienced and may experience in the future losses or write downs in the realizable value of our proprietary investments due to the inability of companies we invest in to repay their borrowings. • Our access to liquidity and the capital markets could be limited, preventing us from making proprietary investments and restricting our sales and trading businesses. • We have incurred, and may incur in the future, unexpected costs or losses as a result of the bankruptcy or other failure of companies for which we have performed investment banking services to honor ongoing obligations such as indemnification or expense reimbursement agreements, or in whom we have invested or to whom we have extended credit. • Sudden sharp declines in market values of securities can result in illiquid markets and the failure of counterparties to perform their obligations, which could make it difficult for us to sell securities, hedge securities positions, and invest funds under management. • As an introducing broker to clearing firms, we are responsible to the clearing firm and could be held liable for the defaults of our customers, including losses incurred as the result of a customer’s failure to meet a margin call.
Conditions in the financial markets and general economic conditions have impacted and may continue to impact our ability to generate business and revenues, which may cause significant fluctuations in our stock price. • Our opportunity to act as underwriter or placement agent could be adversely affected by a reduction in the number and size of capital raising transactions or by competing sources of equity. • The number and size of mergers and acquisitions transactions or other strategic advisory services where we act as adviser could be adversely affected by continued uncertainties in valuations related to asset quality and creditworthiness, volatility in the equity markets, and diminished access to financing. • Market volatility could lead to a decline in the volume of transactions that we execute for our customers and, therefore, to a decline in the revenue we receive from commissions and spreads. • We have experienced and may experience in the future losses in securities trading activities, or as a result of write-downs in the value of securities that we own, as a result of deteriorations in the businesses or creditworthiness of the issuers of such securities. • We have experienced and may experience in the future losses or write downs in the realizable value of our proprietary investments due to the inability of companies we invest in to repay their borrowings. • Our access to liquidity and the capital markets could be limited, preventing us from making proprietary investments and restricting our sales and trading businesses. • We have incurred, and may incur in the future, unexpected costs or losses as a result of the bankruptcy or other failure of companies for which we have performed investment banking services to honor ongoing obligations such as indemnification or expense reimbursement agreements, or in whom we have invested or to whom we have extended credit. • Sudden sharp declines in market values of securities can result in illiquid markets and the failure of counterparties to perform their obligations, which could make it difficult for us to sell securities, hedge securities positions, and invest funds under management. • As an introducing broker to clearing firms, we are responsible to the clearing firm and could be held liable for the defaults of our customers, including losses incurred as the result of a customer’s failure to meet a margin call.
In particular, the terms of the indenture and our senior notes do not place any restrictions on our or our subsidiaries’ ability to: • issue debt securities or otherwise incur additional indebtedness or other obligations, including (1) any indebtedness or other obligations that would be equal in right of payment to our senior notes, (2) any indebtedness or other obligations that would be secured and therefore rank effectively senior in right of payment to our senior notes to the extent of the values of the assets securing such debt, (3) indebtedness of ours that is guaranteed by one or more of our subsidiaries and which therefore is structurally senior to our senior notes and (4) securities, indebtedness or obligations issued or incurred by our subsidiaries that would be senior to our equity interests in our subsidiaries and therefore rank structurally senior to our senior notes with respect to the assets of our subsidiaries; • pay dividends on, or purchase or redeem or make any payments in respect of, capital stock or other securities subordinated in right of payment to our senior notes; • sell assets (other than certain limited restrictions on our ability to consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of our assets); • enter into transactions with affiliates; • create liens (including liens on the shares of our subsidiaries) or enter into sale and leaseback transactions; • make investments; or 42 Table of Contents • create restrictions on the payment of dividends or other amounts to us from our subsidiaries.
In particular, the terms of the indenture and our senior notes do not place any restrictions on our or our subsidiaries’ ability to: • issue debt securities or otherwise incur additional indebtedness or other obligations, including (1) any indebtedness or other obligations that would be equal in right of payment to our senior notes, (2) any indebtedness or other obligations that would be secured and therefore rank effectively senior in right of 41 Table of Contents payment to our senior notes to the extent of the values of the assets securing such debt, (3) indebtedness of ours that is guaranteed by one or more of our subsidiaries and which therefore is structurally senior to our senior notes and (4) securities, indebtedness or obligations issued or incurred by our subsidiaries that would be senior to our equity interests in our subsidiaries and therefore rank structurally senior to our senior notes with respect to the assets of our subsidiaries; • pay dividends on, or purchase or redeem or make any payments in respect of, capital stock or other securities subordinated in right of payment to our senior notes; • sell assets (other than certain limited restrictions on our ability to consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of our assets); • enter into transactions with affiliates; • create liens (including liens on the shares of our subsidiaries) or enter into sale and leaseback transactions; • make investments; or • create restrictions on the payment of dividends or other amounts to us from our subsidiaries.
Our level of indebtedness generally could adversely affect our operations and liquidity, by, among other things: (i) making it more difficult for us to pay or refinance our debts as they become due during adverse economic and industry conditions because we may not have sufficient cash flows to make our scheduled debt payments; (ii) causing us to use a larger portion of our cash flows to fund interest and principal payments, thereby reducing the availability of cash to fund working capital, capital expenditures and other business activities; (iii) making it more difficult for us to take advantage of significant business opportunities, such as acquisition opportunities or other strategic transactions, and to react to changes in market or industry conditions; and (iv) limiting our ability to borrow additional monies in the future to fund working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes as and when needed, which could force us to suspend, delay or curtail business prospects, strategies or operations.
Our level of indebtedness generally could adversely affect our operations and liquidity, by, among other things: (i) making it more difficult for us to pay or refinance our debts as they become due during adverse economic and industry conditions because we may not have sufficient cash flows to make our scheduled debt payments; (ii) causing us to use a larger portion of our cash flows to fund interest and principal payments, thereby reducing the availability of cash to fund working capital, capital expenditures and other business activities; (iii) making it more difficult for us to take advantage of significant business opportunities, such as 40 Table of Contents acquisition opportunities or other strategic transactions, and to react to changes in market or industry conditions; and (iv) limiting our ability to borrow additional monies in the future to fund working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes as and when needed, which could force us to suspend, delay or curtail business prospects, strategies or operations.
In addition, the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union adopted a comprehensive general data privacy regulation (“GDPR”) in 2016 that took effect in May 2018 and governs the collection and use of personal data in the European Union.
In addition, the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union adopted a comprehensive general data privacy regulation (“GDPR”) in 2016 that took effect in 2018 and governs the collection and use of personal data in the European Union.
The market price of the Depositary Shares will depend on many factors, which may change from time to time, including: • prevailing interest rates, increases in which may have an adverse effect on the market price of the Depositary Shares; • the annual yield from distributions on the Depositary Shares as compared to yields on other financial instruments; • general economic and financial market conditions; • government action or regulation; • the financial condition, performance and prospects of the Company and its competitors; 46 Table of Contents • changes in financial estimates or recommendations by securities analysts with respect to the Company, its competitors or the industry in which the Company operates; • the Company’s issuance of additional preferred equity or debt securities; and • actual or anticipated variations in quarterly operating results of the Company and its competitors.
The market price of the Depositary Shares will depend on many factors, which may change from time to time, including: • prevailing interest rates, increases in which may have an adverse effect on the market price of the Depositary Shares; • the annual yield from distributions on the Depositary Shares as compared to yields on other financial instruments; • general economic and financial market conditions; • government action or regulation; • the financial condition, performance and prospects of the Company and its competitors; • changes in financial estimates or recommendations by securities analysts with respect to the Company, its competitors or the industry in which the Company operates; • the Company’s issuance of additional preferred equity or debt securities; and • actual or anticipated variations in quarterly operating results of the Company and its competitors.
The businesses in our communications segment compete competes with numerous communications providers, many of whom are large and have significantly more financial and marketing resources.
The businesses in our communications segment compete with numerous communications providers, many of whom are large and have significantly more financial and marketing resources.
The market price of our common stock may be volatile and could fluctuate substantially due to many factors, including, among other things: • actual or anticipated fluctuations in our results of operations; • announcements of significant contracts and transactions by us or our competitors; • sale of common stock or other securities in the future; 39 Table of Contents • the trading volume of our common stock; • changes in our pricing policies or the pricing policies of our competitors; and • general economic conditions In addition, the stock market in general has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of those companies.
The market price of our common stock may be volatile and could fluctuate substantially due to many factors, including, among other things: • actual or anticipated fluctuations in our results of operations; • announcements of significant contracts and transactions by us or our competitors; • sale of common stock or other securities in the future; • the trading volume of our common stock; • changes in our pricing policies or the pricing policies of our competitors; and • general economic conditions In addition, the stock market in general has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of those companies.
As of December 31, 2022, the Company believes that its net operating loss carryforwards, net of any existing allowances provided, will be utilized in future tax periods before the loss carryforwards expire and it is more-likely-than-not that future taxable earnings will be sufficient to realize its deferred tax assets.
As of December 31, 2023, the Company believes that its net operating loss carryforwards, net of any existing allowances provided, will be utilized in future tax periods before the loss carryforwards expire and it is more-likely-than-not that future taxable earnings will be sufficient to realize its deferred tax assets.
The terms of such indebtedness contain various restrictions and covenants regarding the operation of our business, including, but not limited to, restrictions on our ability to merge or consolidate with or into any other entity. We may also secure additional debt financing in the future in addition to our current debt.
The terms of the instruments governing such indebtedness contain various restrictions and covenants regarding the operation of our business, including, but not limited to, restrictions on our ability to merge or consolidate with or into any other entity. We may also secure additional debt financing in the future in addition to our current debt.
In most instances, inventory is reported on the balance sheet at its historical cost; however, according to U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, inventory whose historical cost exceeds its market value should be valued 26 Table of Contents conservatively, which dictates a lower value should apply.
In most instances, inventory is reported on the balance sheet at its historical cost; however, according to U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, inventory whose historical cost exceeds its market value should be valued 27 Table of Contents conservatively, which dictates a lower value should apply.
We carry insurance for liability resulting from errors or omissions in connection 27 Table of Contents with our appraisals and valuations; however, the coverage may not be sufficient if we are found to be liable in connection with a claim by a client or third party.
We carry insurance for liability resulting from errors or omissions in connection 28 Table of Contents with our appraisals and valuations; however, the coverage may not be sufficient if we are found to be liable in connection with a claim by a client or third party.
This concentration of ownership may harm the market price of our common stock by, among other things: • delaying, deferring, or preventing a change in control of our company; • impeding a merger, consolidation, takeover, or other business combination involving our company; • causing us to enter into transactions or agreements that are not in the best interests of all stockholders; or • discouraging a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of our company.
This concentration of ownership may harm the market price of our common stock by, among other things: • delaying, deferring, or preventing a change in control of our company; 39 Table of Contents • impeding a merger, consolidation, takeover, or other business combination involving our company; • causing us to enter into transactions or agreements that are not in the best interests of all stockholders; or • discouraging a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of our company.
Remediation efforts place a significant burden on management and add increased pressure to our financial resources and processes.
Moreover, remediation efforts place a significant burden on management and add increased pressure to our financial resources and processes.
For instance, higher than expected rates of delinquencies and losses from the receivables portfolio could cause interest income to be lower than expected. Our recent and ongoing investment in consumer credit receivables may not be indicative of our ability to grow such receivables in the future.
For instance, higher than expected rates of delinquencies and losses from the receivables portfolio could cause interest income to be lower than expected. Our past and ongoing investment in consumer credit receivables may not be indicative of our ability to grow such receivables in the future.
The success of our product portfolio depends on several factors, including our ability to: • Identify new features, functionality and opportunities; • Anticipate technology, market trends and consumer preferences; • Develop innovative, high-quality, and reliable new products and enhancements in a cost-effective and timely manner; • Distinguish our products from those of our competitors; and 33 Table of Contents • Offer our products at prices and on terms that are attractive to our customers and consumers.
The success of our product portfolio depends on several factors, including our ability to: • Identify new features, functionality and opportunities; • Anticipate technology, market trends and consumer preferences; • Develop innovative, high-quality, and reliable new products and enhancements in a cost-effective and timely manner; • Distinguish our products from those of our competitors; and • Offer our products at prices and on terms that are attractive to our customers and consumers.
Competition in the middle-market may further intensify if larger Wall Street investment banks expand their focus to this sector of the market. Increased competition could reduce our market share from investment banking services and our ability to generate fees at historical levels. We also face increased competition due to a trend toward consolidation.
Competition in the middle-market may further intensify if larger Wall Street investment banks expand their focus to this sector of the market. 36 Table of Contents Increased competition could reduce our market share from investment banking services and our ability to generate fees at historical levels. We also face increased competition due to a trend toward consolidation.
If we inaccurately forecast revenues and/or earnings, or fail to accurately project expenses, we may be unable to adjust our spending in a timely manner to compensate for these inaccuracies and, as a result, may suffer operating losses and such losses could have a negative impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
If we inaccurately forecast revenues and/or earnings, or fail to accurately project expenses, we may be unable to adjust our spending in a timely manner to compensate for these inaccuracies and, as a result, may suffer operating losses and such losses could have a negative impact on our financial 11 Table of Contents condition and results of operations.
For example, in order to win business, some investment banks increasingly commit to purchase large blocks of stock from 21 Table of Contents publicly traded issuers or significant stockholders, instead of the more traditional marketed underwriting process in which marketing is typically completed before an investment bank commits to purchase securities for resale.
For example, in order to win business, some investment banks increasingly commit to purchase large blocks of stock from publicly traded issuers or significant stockholders, instead of the more traditional marketed underwriting process in which marketing is typically completed before an investment bank commits to purchase securities for resale.
To the extent we make strategic investments or acquisitions, enter into strategic relationships or joint ventures or enter into new lines of business, we will face numerous risks and uncertainties, including risks associated with the required investment of capital and other resources and with combining or integrating operational and management systems and controls and managing potential conflicts.
To the extent we make strategic investments or acquisitions, enter into strategic relationships or joint ventures or enter into new lines of business, we will face numerous risks and uncertainties, including risks associated with the required 20 Table of Contents investment of capital and other resources and with combining or integrating operational and management systems and controls and managing potential conflicts.
Competitive pressures within the Financial Consulting and other Advisory Services and real estate services markets, including a decrease in the number of 35 Table of Contents engagements and/or a decrease in the fees which can be charged for these services, could affect revenues from our Financial Consulting and other Advisory Services and real estate services as well as our ability to engage new or repeat clients.
Competitive pressures within the Financial Consulting and other Advisory Services and real estate services markets, including a decrease in the number of engagements and/or a decrease in the fees which can be charged for these services, could affect revenues from our Financial Consulting and other Advisory Services and real estate services as well as our ability to engage new or repeat clients.
Compliance with such regulation may increase our costs and limit our ability to pursue business opportunities. • Government intervention may not succeed in improving the financial and credit markets and may have negative consequences for our business. Global economic and political uncertainty could adversely affect our revenue and results of operations.
Compliance with such regulation may increase our costs and limit our ability to pursue business opportunities. • Government intervention may not succeed in improving the financial and credit markets and may have negative consequences for our business. 12 Table of Contents Global economic and political uncertainty could adversely affect our revenue and results of operations.
We depend on overseas third-party suppliers for the manufacture of Targus and magicJack products, and our reputation and results of operations would be harmed if these manufacturers or suppliers fail to meet our requirements. Our manufacturers supply substantially all of the raw materials and provide all facilities and labor required to manufacture our products.
We depend on overseas third-party suppliers for the manufacture of Targus and magicJack products, and our reputation and results of operations would be harmed if these manufacturers or suppliers fail to meet our requirements. 14 Table of Contents Our manufacturers supply substantially all of the raw materials and provide all facilities and labor required to manufacture our products.
The volume and amount of damages claimed in litigation, arbitrations, regulatory enforcement actions and other adversarial proceedings against financial services firms have increased in recent years. We also are subject to claims from disputes with our employees and 15 Table of Contents our former employees under various circumstances.
The volume and amount of damages claimed in litigation, arbitrations, regulatory enforcement actions and other adversarial proceedings against financial services firms have increased in recent years. We also are subject to claims from disputes with our employees and our former employees under various circumstances.
Furthermore, we may suffer losses as a result of the positions taken in these transactions even when economic and market conditions are generally favorable for others in the industry. We may commit our own capital as part of our trading business to facilitate client sales and trading activities.
Furthermore, we may suffer losses as a result of the positions taken in these transactions even when economic and market conditions are generally favorable for others in the industry. 22 Table of Contents We may commit our own capital as part of our trading business to facilitate client sales and trading activities.
At such time, the owners of junior secured debt (including, in certain circumstances, the fund) will be entitled to receive proceeds from 28 Table of Contents the realization of the collateral securing such debt.
At such time, the owners of junior secured debt (including, in certain circumstances, the fund) will be entitled to receive proceeds from 29 Table of Contents the realization of the collateral securing such debt.
In the case of fund or similar investments, our investments may be illiquid until such investment vehicles are liquidated. We expect that there will be restrictions on our ability to resell the securities that we acquire for a period of up to one year after we acquire those securities.
In the case of fund or similar investments, our investments may be illiquid until such investment vehicles are liquidated. We 23 Table of Contents expect that there will be restrictions on our ability to resell the securities that we acquire for a period of up to one year after we acquire those securities.
As a result, the Company may not have sufficient funds remaining to satisfy its dividend obligations relating to the Existing Preferred Stock if the Company incurs additional indebtedness. 44 Table of Contents Future offerings of debt or senior equity securities may adversely affect the market price of the Depositary Shares.
As a result, the Company may not have sufficient funds remaining to satisfy its dividend obligations relating to the Existing Preferred Stock if the Company incurs additional indebtedness. Future offerings of debt or senior equity securities may adversely affect the market price of the Depositary Shares.
Conversely, strengthening of currency rates may also increase our product component costs and other expenses denominated in those currencies, adversely affecting operating results. As a result, fluctuations in currency exchange rates could and have in the past adversely affected our business, operating results and financial condition.
Conversely, strengthening of currency rates may also increase our product component costs and other expenses denominated in those currencies, adversely affecting operating results. 15 Table of Contents As a result, fluctuations in currency exchange rates could and have in the past adversely affected our business, operating results and financial condition.
In recent years the Company has experienced significant pricing pressures on trading margins and commissions in debt and equity trading. In the equity and fixed income markets, regulatory requirements and the increased use of electronic trading and alternative trading systems has resulted in greater price transparency, leading to 17 Table of Contents increased price competition and decreased trading margins.
In recent years the Company has experienced significant pricing pressures on trading margins and commissions in debt and equity trading. In the equity and fixed income markets, regulatory requirements and the increased use of electronic trading and alternative trading systems has resulted in greater price transparency, leading to increased price competition and decreased trading margins.
During periods of steep declines in securities prices, the value of the collateral securing client margin loans may fall below the amount of the purchaser’s indebtedness. If clients are unable to provide additional collateral for these margin loans, we may incur losses on those margin transactions.
We permit our clients to purchase securities on margin. During periods of steep declines in securities prices, the value of the collateral securing client margin loans may fall below the amount of the purchaser’s indebtedness. If clients are unable to provide additional collateral for these margin loans, we may incur losses on those margin transactions.
Because we sell a significant amount of the magicJack devices, other devices and certain services to independent retailers, we are subject to many risks, including risks related to their inventory levels and support for magicJack’s 32 Table of Contents products. In particular, magicJack’s retailers may maintain significant levels of our products in their inventories.
Because we sell a significant amount of the magicJack devices, other devices and certain services to independent retailers, we are subject to many risks, including risks related to their inventory levels and support for magicJack’s products. In particular, magicJack’s retailers may maintain significant levels of our products in their inventories.
Our business is increasingly dependent on critical, complex, and interdependent information technology (“IT”) systems, including Internet-based systems, some of which are managed or hosted by third parties, to support business processes as well as internal and external communications.
Our business is increasingly dependent on critical, complex, and interdependent information technology (“IT”) systems, including Internet-based systems, some of which are managed or hosted by third parties, to support business 37 Table of Contents processes as well as internal and external communications.
Deterioration in these factors would adversely impact our business. In addition, to the extent we have over-estimated collectability, in all likelihood we have over-estimated our financial performance. Some of these concerns are discussed more fully below. Our portfolio of receivables is not diversified and primarily originates from consumers whose creditworthiness is considered less than prime.
Deterioration in these factors would adversely impact our business. In addition, to the extent we have over-estimated collectability, in all likelihood we have over-estimated our financial performance. Some of these concerns are discussed more fully below. Our investment in these loans is not diversified and primarily originates from consumers whose creditworthiness is considered less than prime.
The GDPR, which is wide-ranging in scope, will impose several requirements relating to the consent of the individuals to whom the personal data relates, the information provided to the individuals, the security and confidentiality of the personal data, data breach notification and the use of third party processors in connection with the processing of the personal data.
The GDPR, which is wide-ranging in scope, imposes several requirements relating to the consent of the individuals to whom the personal data relates, the information provided to the individuals, the security and confidentiality of the personal data, data breach notification requirements and the use of third party processors in connection with the processing of the personal data.
Such issuances may also reduce or eliminate the Company’s ability to pay dividends on the Company’s common stock. Holders of Depositary Shares have extremely limited voting rights. The voting rights of holders of Depositary Shares are limited. The Company’s common stock is the only class of the Company’s securities that carries full voting rights.
Such issuances may also reduce or eliminate the Company’s ability to pay dividends on the Company’s common stock. 44 Table of Contents Holders of Depositary Shares have extremely limited voting rights. The voting rights of holders of Depositary Shares are limited. The Company’s common stock is the only class of the Company’s securities that carries full voting rights.
If we are unable to successfully remediate our existing, or any future, material weaknesses or other deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting or disclosure controls and procedures, investors may lose confidence in our financial reporting and the accuracy and timing of our financial reporting and disclosures and our business, reputation, results of operations, financial condition, price of our securities, and ability to access the capital markets through equity or debt issuances could be adversely affected.
If we are unable to successfully remediate our existing, or any future, material weaknesses or other deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting or disclosure controls and procedures, or we failure to otherwise design and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, investors may lose confidence in our financial reporting and the accuracy and timing of our financial reporting and disclosures and our business, reputation, results of operations, financial condition, price of our securities, and ability to access the capital markets through equity or debt issuances could be adversely affected.
The rights of holders of the Existing Preferred Stock to participate in the distribution of the Company’s assets will rank junior to the prior claims of the Company’s current and future creditors and any future series or class of preferred stock the Company may issue that ranks senior to the Existing Preferred Stock.
The rights of holders of the Existing Preferred Stock to participate in the distribution of the 43 Table of Contents Company’s assets will rank junior to the prior claims of the Company’s current and future creditors and any future series or class of preferred stock the Company may issue that ranks senior to the Existing Preferred Stock.
If the senior notes are traded after their initial issuance, they may trade at a discount from their initial offering price depending on prevailing interest rates, the market for similar securities, our credit ratings, general economic conditions, our financial condition, performance and prospects and other factors.
If the senior notes are traded after their initial issuance, they may trade at a discount from their initial offering price depending on prevailing interest rates, the market for similar securities, our credit ratings, general economic conditions, our financial 42 Table of Contents condition, performance and prospects and other factors.
Other than the limited circumstances described in this prospectus supplement, holders of Depositary Shares will not have any voting rights. 45 Table of Contents The Depositary Shares have not been rated. The Existing Preferred Stock and the Depositary Shares have not been rated and may never be rated.
Other than the limited circumstances described in this prospectus supplement, holders of Depositary Shares will not have any voting rights. The Depositary Shares have not been rated. The Existing Preferred Stock and the Depositary Shares have not been rated and may never be rated.
As we have in the past, and subject to market conditions, we may grow our business by increasing assets under 19 Table of Contents management in existing investment strategies, pursue new investment strategies, which may be similar or complementary to our existing strategies or be wholly new initiatives, or enter into strategic relationships, or joint ventures.
As we have in the past, and subject to market conditions, we may grow our business by increasing assets under management in existing investment strategies, pursue new investment strategies, which may be similar or complementary to our existing strategies or be wholly new initiatives, or enter into strategic relationships, or joint ventures.
We may be required to expend significant additional resources to 20 Table of Contents modify our protective measures or to investigate and remediate vulnerabilities or other exposures, and we may be subject to litigation and financial losses that are either not insured against or not fully covered through any insurance maintained by us.
We may be required to expend significant additional resources to modify our protective measures or to investigate and remediate vulnerabilities or other exposures, and we may be subject to litigation and financial losses that are either not insured against or not fully covered through any insurance maintained by us.
We have experienced credit losses and bear increased credit risk because we have made loans and commitments to borrowers or issuers engaged 23 Table of Contents in emerging businesses or who lack access to conventional financing who, as a group, may be uniquely or disproportionately affected by economic or market conditions.
We have experienced credit losses and bear increased credit risk because we have made loans and commitments to borrowers or issuers engaged in emerging businesses or who lack access to conventional financing who, as a group, may be uniquely or disproportionately affected by economic or market conditions.
Our third-party contract manufacturers are located across seven countries in Asia, Turkey, and U.S., which could expose us to risks associated with doing business in those geographic areas. All of our production is performed by third-party contract manufacturers, including original design manufacturers, in Taiwan, China, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, India, Korea and Philippines.
Our third-party contract manufacturers are located across several countries in Asia, which could expose us to risks associated with doing business in those geographic areas. All of our production is performed by third-party contract manufacturers, including original design manufacturers, in Taiwan, China, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, India, Korea and Philippines.
The lack of available credit and the increased cost of credit could adversely 13 Table of Contents affect the size, volume and timing of our clients’ merger and acquisition transactions-particularly large transactions-and adversely affect our investment banking business and revenues.
The lack of available credit and the increased cost of credit could adversely affect the size, volume and timing of our clients’ merger and acquisition transactions-particularly large transactions-and adversely affect our investment banking business and revenues.
Because of the rapidly 37 Table of Contents moving nature of technology and the increasing sophistication of cybersecurity threats, our measures to prevent, respond to and minimize such risks may be unsuccessful.
Because of the rapidly moving nature of technology and the increasing sophistication of cybersecurity threats, our measures to prevent, respond to and minimize such risks may be unsuccessful.
Because of their significant stock ownership, some of our existing stockholders will be able to exert control over us and our significant corporate decisions. Our executive officers, directors and their affiliates own or control, in the aggregate, approximately 30.2% of our outstanding common stock as of December 31, 2022. In particular, our Chairman and Co-Chief Executive Officer, Bryant R.
Because of their significant stock ownership, some of our existing stockholders will be able to exert control over us and our significant corporate decisions. Our executive officers, directors and their affiliates own or control, in the aggregate, approximately 32.7% of our outstanding common stock as of December 31, 2023. In particular, our Chairman and Co-Chief Executive Officer, Bryant R.
With any of our brands, services, and products, if our marketing activities are inefficient or unsuccessful, if important third-party relationships or marketing strategies, such as Internet search engine marketing and search engine optimization, become more expensive or unavailable, or are suspended, modified, or terminated, for any reason, if there is an increase in the proportion of consumers visiting our websites or purchasing our services and products by way of marketing channels with higher marketing costs as compared to channels that have lower or no associated marketing costs, or if our marketing efforts do not result in our services and products being prominently ranked in Internet search listings, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially and adversely impacted.
With any of our brands, services, and products, if our marketing activities are inefficient or unsuccessful, if important third-party relationships or marketing strategies, such as Internet search engine marketing and search engine optimization, become more expensive or unavailable, or are suspended, modified, or terminated, for any reason, if there is an increase in the proportion of consumers visiting our websites or purchasing our services and products by way of marketing channels with higher marketing costs as compared to channels that have lower or no associated marketing costs, or if our marketing efforts do not result in our services and products being prominently ranked in Internet search listings, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially and adversely impacted. 30 Table of Contents Our communications businesses are dependent on the availability of telecommunications services and compatibility with third-party systems and products.
An increase in market interest rates could result in a decrease in the value of our senior notes and increase our future borrowing costs. In general, as market interest rates rise, notes bearing interest at a fixed rate decline in value. Following the recent increase in market interest rates, the market value of our senior notes has declined.
An increase in market interest rates could result in a decrease in the value of our senior notes and increase our future borrowing costs. In general, as market interest rates rise, notes bearing interest at a fixed rate decline in value.
Significant disruptions of information technology systems, breaches of data security, or unauthorized disclosures of sensitive data or personally identifiable information could adversely affect our business, and could subject us to liability or reputational damage.
Risks Related to Data Security and Intellectual Property Significant disruptions of information technology systems, breaches of data security, or unauthorized disclosures of sensitive data or personally identifiable information could adversely affect our business, and could subject us to liability or reputational damage.
Also, we compete against established alternative voice communication providers, and may face competition from other large, well-capitalized Internet companies. In addition, we compete with independent broadband telephone service providers. Our consumer segment, consisting of Targus and our brand investment portfolio, competes with companies that make consumer retail products and/or own other brands and trademarks.
Also, we compete against established alternative voice communication providers, and may face competition from other large, well-capitalized Internet companies. In addition, we compete with independent broadband telephone service providers. Our Consumer Products segment, competes with companies that make consumer retail products and/or own other brands and trademarks.
In addition, those features of the Existing Preferred Stock and Depositary Shares may have the effect of inhibiting a third party from making an acquisition proposal for the Company or of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control of the Company under circumstances that otherwise could provide the holders of the Company’s common stock and Depositary Shares with the opportunity to realize a premium over the then-current market price or that shareholders may otherwise believe is in their best interests.
In addition, those features of the Existing Preferred Stock and Depositary Shares may have the effect of inhibiting a third party from making an acquisition proposal for the Company or of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control of the Company under circumstances that otherwise could provide the holders of the Company’s common stock and Depositary Shares with the opportunity to realize a premium over the then-current market price or that shareholders may otherwise believe is in their best interests. 45 Table of Contents The market price of the Depositary Shares could be substantially affected by various factors.
Furthermore, we rely on Badcock to service our receivables portfolio. We depend on Badcock to comply with all applicable laws and regulations applicable to our receivables portfolio, and for Badcock to adapt to changing laws and regulations.
We depend on Badcock to comply with all applicable laws and regulations applicable to our receivables portfolio, and for Badcock to adapt to changing laws and regulations.
Such rights will be expanded under the California Privacy Rights Act (“CPRA”) once it goes into effect on January 1, 2023. In addition, similar laws have and may be adopted by other states where the Company does business. The impact of the CCPA and other state privacy laws on the Company’s business is yet to be determined.
Such rights were expanded under the California Privacy Rights Act (“CPRA”) which went into effect on January 1, 2023. In addition, similar laws have and may be adopted by other states where the Company does business. The impact of the CCPA and other state privacy laws on the Company’s business is yet to be determined.
Because a significant portion of our reported interest income is based on management’s estimates of the future performance of receivables to that collateralize $318.1 million of loans receivable, at fair value as of December 31, 2022, differences between actual and expected performance of the receivables may cause fluctuations in interest income.
Because a significant portion of our reported interest income is based on management’s estimates of the future performance of receivables that collateralize $62.8 million of loans receivable, at fair value as of December 31, 2023, differences between actual and expected performance of the receivables may cause fluctuations in interest income.
From 14 Table of Contents time to time, we have experienced component shortages and extended lead times on semiconductors and other input products used in our finished products.
From time to time, we have experienced component shortages and extended lead times on semiconductors and other input products used in our finished products.
The success of our business relies on customers’ continued and unimpeded access to broadband service. Providers of broadband services may be able to block our services or charge their customers more for also using our services, which could adversely affect our revenue and growth. Our customers must have broadband access to the Internet in order to use our service.
Providers of broadband services may be able to block our services or charge their customers more for also using our services, which could adversely affect our revenue and growth. Our customers must have broadband access to the Internet in order to use our service.
In addition, because customers can use our services almost anywhere that a broadband Internet connection is available, including countries where providing broadband telephone service is illegal, the governments of those countries may attempt to assert jurisdiction over us.
Currently, there are several countries where regulations prohibit us from offering service. In addition, because customers can use our services almost anywhere that a broadband Internet connection is available, including countries where providing broadband telephone service is illegal, the governments of those countries may attempt to assert jurisdiction over us.
Summary Risk Factors Some of the factors that could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows include, but are not limited to, the following: • Our revenues and results of operations are volatile and difficult to predict. • Conditions in the financial markets and general economic conditions, including increased inflation and a rising interest rate environment, have impacted and may continue to impact our ability to generate business and revenues, which may cause significant fluctuations in our stock price. • Our exposure to legal liability is significant and could lead to substantial damages. • Financial services firms have been subject to increased scrutiny over the last several years, increasing the risk of financial liability and reputational harm resulting from adverse regulatory actions. • The restatement of our previously issued financial statements, the error that resulted in such restatement, the material weaknesses that were identified in our internal control over financial reporting and the determination that our internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures were not effective, could result in loss of investor confidence, shareholder litigation or governmental proceedings or investigations, any of which could cause the market value of our securities to decline or impact our ability to access the capital markets. • Our failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and business and the price of our common stock and other securities. • We may enter into new lines of business, make strategic investments or acquisitions or enter into joint ventures, each of which may result in additional risks and uncertainties for our business. 9 Table of Contents • Our corporate finance and strategic advisory engagements are singular in nature and do not generally provide for subsequent engagements. • We have made and may make investments in relatively high-risk, illiquid assets that often have significantly leveraged capital structures, and we may fail to realize any profits from these activities for a considerable period of time or lose some or all of the principal amount we invest in these activities. • We are exposed to credit risk from a variety of our activities, including loans, lines of credit, guarantees and backstop commitments, and we may not be able to fully realize the value of the collateral securing certain of our loans. • A substantial portion of our cash flows and net income are dependent upon payments from our investments in receivables. • We may incur losses as a result of “guarantee” based engagements that we enter into in connection with our auction and liquidation solutions business. • We depend on financial institutions as primary clients for our financial consulting business.
Summary Risk Factors Some of the factors that could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows include, but are not limited to, the following: • Our revenues and results of operations are volatile and difficult to predict. 9 Table of Contents • Conditions in the financial markets and general economic conditions, including increased inflation and a rising interest rate environment, have impacted and may continue to impact our ability to generate business and revenues, which may cause significant fluctuations in our stock price. • Our exposure to legal liability is significant and could lead to substantial damages. • Events and developments arising out of our investment in Freedom VCM and our prior business relationship with Brian Kahn has had and may continue to have adverse effects on our business, results of operations, reputation, and stock price. • Financial services firms have been subject to increased scrutiny over the last several years, increasing the risk of financial liability and reputational harm resulting from adverse regulatory actions. • We have identified material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting which exposes us to additional risks and uncertainties and could cause the market value of our securities to decline or impact our ability to access the capital markets. • Our failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and business and the price of our common stock and other securities. • We may enter into new lines of business, make strategic investments or acquisitions or enter into joint ventures, each of which may result in additional risks and uncertainties for our business. • Our corporate finance and strategic advisory engagements are singular in nature and do not generally provide for subsequent engagements. • We have made and may make investments in relatively high-risk, illiquid assets that often have significantly leveraged capital structures, and we may fail to realize any profits from these activities for a considerable period of time or lose some or all of the principal amount we invest in these activities. • We are exposed to credit risk from a variety of our activities, including loans, lines of credit, guarantees and backstop commitments, and we may not be able to fully realize the value of the collateral securing certain of our loans. • We may incur losses as a result of “guarantee” based engagements that we enter into in connection with our auction and liquidation solutions business. • We depend on financial institutions as primary clients for our financial consulting business.
The SEC’s decision to no longer extend regulatory relief from certain arrangements required by MiFID II will increase competitive pressures from those clients which have yet to unbundle payments for research products or services from sales commissions.
Institutions subject to MiFID II were required to unbundle such payments commencing January 3, 2018. The SEC’s decision to no longer extend regulatory relief from certain arrangements required by MiFID II will increase competitive pressures from those clients which have yet to unbundle payments for research products or services from sales commissions.
The availability of outside financing will depend on a variety of factors, such as our financial condition and results of operations, the availability of acceptable collateral, market conditions, the general availability of credit, the volume of trading activities, and the overall availability of credit to the financial services industry, all of which are under increased pressure due to recent increases in inflation and the present rising interest rate environment.
The availability of outside financing will depend on a variety of factors, such as our financial condition and results of operations, the availability of acceptable collateral, market conditions, the general availability of credit, the volume of trading activities, and the overall availability of credit to the financial services industry, all of which are under increased pressure due to the continuing inflationary environment and increased interest rates.
In addition, we may be subject to governmental investigations and penalties and litigation. We may suffer losses if our reputation is harmed. Our ability to attract and retain customers and employees may be diminished to the extent our reputation is damaged.
In addition, we may be subject to governmental investigations and penalties and litigation as a result of these control deficiencies. We may suffer losses if our reputation is harmed. Our ability to attract and retain customers and employees may be diminished to the extent our reputation is damaged.
Investment performance may be poor as a result of the current or future difficult market or economic conditions, including changes in interest rates, with increases anticipated in 2023, or inflation, which continues to be an ongoing concern going into 2023, acts of war, aggression or terrorism, widespread outbreaks of disease, such as the COVID-19 pandemic or similar pandemics, or political uncertainty, our investment style, the particular investments that we make, and other factors.
Investment performance may be poor as a result of the current or future difficult market or economic conditions, including changes in interest rates or inflation, acts of war, aggression or terrorism, widespread outbreaks of disease, such as the COVID-19 pandemic or similar pandemics, or political uncertainty, our investment style, the particular investments that we make, and other factors.
We offer our magicJack products and services in other countries, and therefore could also be subject to regulatory risks in each such foreign jurisdiction, including the risk that regulations in some jurisdictions will prohibit us from providing our services cost-effectively or at all, which could limit our growth. Currently, there are several countries where regulations prohibit us from offering service.
We offer our magicJack products and services in other countries, and therefore could also be subject to regulatory risks in each such foreign jurisdiction, including the risk that regulations in some jurisdictions will prohibit us from providing 31 Table of Contents our services cost-effectively or at all, which could limit our growth.
If our available funding is limited or we are forced to fund our operations at a higher cost, these conditions may require us to curtail our business activities and increase our cost of funding, both of which could reduce our profitability, particularly in our businesses that involve investing and taking principal positions.
If our available funding is limited or we are forced to fund our operations at a higher cost, these conditions may require us to curtail our business activities and increase our cost of funding, both of which could reduce our profitability, particularly in our businesses that involve investing and taking principal positions. 13 Table of Contents Liquidity, or ready access to funds, is essential to financial services firms, including ours.
The deterioration of an individually large exposure, for example due to natural disasters, health emergencies or pandemics (like the COVID-19 pandemic), acts of terrorism or war, severe weather events or other adverse economic events, could lead to additional loan loss provisions and/or charges-offs, or credit impairment of our investments, and subsequently have a material impact on our net income and regulatory capital.
The deterioration of an individually large exposure, for example due to natural disasters, health emergencies or pandemics (like the COVID-19 pandemic), acts of terrorism or war, severe weather events or other adverse economic events, could lead to additional loan loss provisions and/or charges-offs, or credit impairment of our investments, and subsequently have a material impact on our net income and regulatory capital. 24 Table of Contents The amount and duration of our credit exposures have been increasing over the past year, as have the breadth and size of the entities to which we have credit exposures.
These reserves are based on judgments and estimates, using historical experience rates, inventory levels in distribution, current trends, and other factors. There could be significant differences between the actual costs of such arrangements and programs and our estimates.
We reserve for cooperative marketing arrangements, incentive programs, and pricing programs with our sales channel partners. These reserves are based on judgments and estimates, using historical experience rates, inventory levels in distribution, current trends, and other factors. There could be significant differences between the actual costs of such arrangements and programs and our estimates.
We cannot predict the future level of market interest rates, but to the extent market interest rates continue to rise, the market value of our existing senior notes can be expected to further decline.
Following the increase in market interest rates over the last two years, the market value of our senior notes has declined. We cannot predict the future level of market interest rates, but to the extent market interest rates continue to rise, the market value of our existing senior notes can be expected to further decline.
In the equity markets, we utilize certain market centers to execute orders on our behalf in exchange for payment for our order flow. Market centers are selected based on their ability to provide liquidity, price improvement, and timely execution for client orders. Increased regulatory scrutiny of payment for order flow may result in a decrease in this type of revenue.
In the equity markets, we utilize certain market centers to execute orders on our behalf in exchange for payment for our order flow. Market centers are selected based on their ability to provide liquidity, price improvement, and timely execution for 18 Table of Contents client orders.
If magicJack fails to maintain relationships with these channels, fails to develop new channels, fails to effectively manage, train, or provide incentives to existing channels or if these channels are not successful in their sales efforts, sales of magicJack’s products may decrease and our operating results would suffer.
If magicJack fails to maintain relationships with these channels, fails to develop new channels, fails to effectively manage, train, or provide incentives to existing channels or if these channels are not successful in their sales efforts, sales of magicJack’s products may decrease and our operating results would suffer. 33 Table of Contents The success of our business relies on customers’ continued and unimpeded access to broadband service.
Similarly, in 2009, Congress enacted legislation that required changes to a variety of marketing, billing, and collection practices, and the Federal Reserve adopted significant changes to a number of practices through its issuance of regulations. Badcock originated the transactions that underlie the receivables we have purchased and may continue to purchase.
Similarly, in 2009, Congress enacted legislation that required changes to a variety of marketing, billing, and collection practices, and the Federal Reserve adopted significant changes to a number of practices through its issuance of regulations. Badcock originated the transactions that underlie our receivables investments and any others we may make. Furthermore, we rely on Badcock to service our receivables portfolio.
Liquidity is of particular importance to our sales and trading business, and perceived liquidity issues may affect the willingness of our clients and counterparties to engage in sales and trading transactions with us.
Failures of financial institutions have often been attributable in large part to insufficient liquidity. Liquidity is of particular importance to our sales and trading business, and perceived liquidity issues may affect the willingness of our clients and counterparties to engage in sales and trading transactions with us.
If we are unable to build successful distribution channels or successfully market our products in these new product categories, we may not be able to take advantage of the growth opportunities, and our business and our ability to grow our business could be adversely affected. 34 Table of Contents We reserve for cooperative marketing arrangements, incentive programs, and pricing programs with our sales channel partners.
If we are unable to build successful distribution channels or successfully market our products in these new product categories, we may not be able to take advantage of the growth opportunities, and our business and our ability to grow our business could be adversely affected.
Any changes in the laws and regulations applicable to our communications businesses, the enactment of any additional laws or regulations, or the failure to comply with, or increased enforcement activity by regulators of, such laws and regulations, could significantly impact our services and products, our costs, or the manner in which we or our advertisers conduct business, all of which could adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows and cause our business to suffer. 31 Table of Contents The FCC and some states require us to obtain prior approval of certain major merger and acquisition transactions, such as the acquisition of control of another telecommunications carrier.
Any changes in the laws and regulations applicable to our communications businesses, the enactment of any additional laws or regulations, or the failure to comply with, or increased enforcement activity by regulators of, such laws and regulations, could significantly impact our services and products, our costs, or the manner in which we or our advertisers conduct business, all of which could adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows and cause our business to suffer.
Such claims could cause us to incur substantial liabilities and to suspend or permanently cease the use of critical technologies or processes or the production or sale of major products.
Third parties may assert infringement, misappropriation, or breach of license claims against us from time to time. Such claims could cause us to incur substantial liabilities and to suspend or permanently cease the use of critical technologies or processes or the production or sale of major products.
A disruption in the infrastructure that supports our business due to fire, natural disaster, health emergency (for example, the COVID-19 pandemic), power or communication failure, act of terrorism or war may affect our ability to service and interact with our clients. If we are not able to implement contingency plans effectively, any such disruption could harm our results of operations.
A disruption in the infrastructure that supports our business due to fire, natural disaster, health emergency (for example, the COVID-19 pandemic), power or communication failure, act of terrorism or war may affect our ability to 21 Table of Contents service and interact with our clients.
As a result of these and other factors, investors who purchase the Depositary Shares may experience a decrease, which could be substantial and rapid, in the market price of the Depositary Shares, including decreases unrelated to the Company’s operating performance or prospects. Item 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS None.
As a result of these and other factors, investors who purchase the Depositary Shares may experience a decrease, which could be substantial and rapid, in the market price of the Depositary Shares, including decreases unrelated to the Company’s operating performance or prospects. The price of our securities may be adversely affected by third parties who raise allegations about our Company.
Our future success depends to a significant degree upon the continued contributions of senior management and the ability to attract and retain other highly qualified management personnel.
If we are unable to attract and retain qualified personnel, we may not be able to compete successfully in our industry. Our future success depends to a significant degree upon the continued contributions of senior management and the ability to attract and retain other highly qualified management personnel.

… 117 more changes not shown on this page.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

Legal Proceedings — active lawsuits and investigations

0 edited+8 added−1 removed3 unchanged
Removed
Notwithstanding this uncertainty, the Company does not believe that the results of these claims are likely to have a material effect on its financial position or results of operations. Item 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES Not applicable. 47 Table of Contents PART II
Added
Notwithstanding this uncertainty, the Company does not believe that the results of these claims are likely to have a material effect on its financial statements. On January 24, 2024, a putative securities class action complaint was filed by Mike Coan in U.S. Federal District Court, Central District of California, against the Company, Bryant Riley, Tom Kelleher, and Phillip Ahn (“Defendants”).
Added
The purported class includes persons and entities that purchased shares of the Company’s common stock between May 10, 2023 and November 9, 2023.
Added
The complaint alleges that (a) the Company failed to disclose to investors that (i) Brian Kahn, had been implicated in a conspiracy to defraud third party investors, and (ii) the Company financed Brian Kahn and others in connection with a going private transaction involving FRG, and (b) as a result of the foregoing, the Company engaged in securities fraud in violation of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Added
A second putative class action lawsuit was filed on March 15, 2024 by the KL Kamholz Joint Revocable Trust (“Kamholz”). This complaint asserts similar allegations as the Coan complaint and covers an alleged class period between February 28, 2022 and November 9, 2023.
Added
The Kamholz complaint further alleges that Defendants knew or should have known that Brian Kahn was engaged in illegal activities, including a conspiracy to commit fraud, and nonetheless proceeded with the FRG going-private transaction. The Company believes these claims are meritless and intends to defend this action.
Added
On September 21, 2023, we received a demand alleging that certain payments in the aggregate amount of approximately $32.2 million made by Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc. (“Sorrento”), a chapter 11 debtor in U.S. Bankruptcy Court, Southern District of Texas, to B.
Added
Riley Commercial Capital, LLC (“BRCC”), pursuant to that certain Bridge Loan Agreement dated September 30, 2022 between Sorrento and BRCC, are avoidable as preferential transfers. The Company believes the Sorrento Unsecured Creditors Committee’s preference claims lack merit, and the Company intends to assert its statutory defenses to defeat the claim. 48 Table of Contents Item 4.
Added
MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES Not applicable. 49 Table of Contents PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity

Market for Common Equity — stock, dividends, buybacks

8 edited+0 added−4 removed3 unchanged
Biggest changeThe information provided above under the heading “Share Performance Graph” shall not be considered “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended or the Exchange Act. Item 6. RESERVED None.
Biggest changeRiley Financial, Inc. $ 100 $ 189 $ 353 $ 849 $ 353 $ 244 Russell 2000 Financial $ 100 $ 120 $ 114 $ 144 $ 118 $ 128 S&P 500 $ 100 $ 129 $ 150 $ 190 $ 153 $ 190 The information provided above under the heading “Share Performance Graph” shall not be considered “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended or the Exchange Act.
The graph and table below assume that $100 was invested on the starting date and dividends, if any, 48 Table of Contents were reinvested on the date of payment without payment of any commissions. The performance shown in the graph and table represents past performance and should not be considered an indication of future performance.
The graph and table below assume that $100 was invested on the starting date and dividends, if any, 50 Table of Contents were reinvested on the date of payment without payment of any commissions. The performance shown in the graph and table represents past performance and should not be considered an indication of future performance.
Recent Repurchases of Equity Securities During the three months ended December 31, 2022, we made the following purchases of shares of our common stock.
Recent Repurchases of Equity Securities During the three months ended December 31, 2023, we made the following purchases of shares of our common stock.
Share Performance Graph The following graph and table compares the cumulative total shareholder return on our common share with the cumulative total return on the Russell 2000 Financial Index and S&P 500 index for the period from December 31, 2017 to December 31, 2022.
Share Performance Graph The following graph and table compares the cumulative total shareholder return on our common share with the cumulative total return on the Russell 2000 Financial Index and S&P 500 index for the period from December 31, 2018 to December 31, 2023.
As of February 24, 2023, there were approximately 119 holders of record of our Common Stock. This number does not include beneficial owners holding shares through nominees or in “street” name. Dividend Policy From time to time, we may decide to pay dividends which will be dependent upon our financial condition and results of operations.
As of April 12, 2024, there were approximately 131 holders of record of our Common Stock. This number does not include beneficial owners holding shares through nominees or in “street” name. Dividend Policy From time to time, we may decide to pay dividends which will be dependent upon our financial condition and results of operations.
As of December 31, 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 B.
As of December 31, 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 B.
(2) Includes purchases of 182,686 shares under the Company's annual share repurchase program. On March 3, 2023, the share repurchase program was reauthorized by the Board of Directors for share repurchases of up to $50.0 million of the Company's outstanding common shares and expires in October 2023.
(2) Includes purchases of 721,777 shares under the Company's annual share repurchase program. In November 2023, the share repurchase program was reauthorized by the Board of Directors for share repurchases of up to $50.0 million of the Company's outstanding common shares and expires in October 2024.
Period Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)(2) Average Price Paid Per Share Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (2) Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Program October 1 through October 31, 2022 158 $ 40.68 — $ 50,000 November 1 through November 30, 2022 52,404 $ 41.41 44,419 $ 48,170 December 1 through December 31, 2022 148,639 $ 34.14 138,267 $ 43,510 Total 201,201 $ 36.04 182,686 (1) Includes purchases of 18,515 shares made to satisfy the income tax withholding obligations of certain employees upon the vesting and delivery of restricted stock units issued under our 2021 Stock Incentive Plan.
Period Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)(2) Average Price Paid Per Share Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (2) Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Program October 1 through October 31, 2023 76 $ 36.21 — $ 30,979 November 1 through November 30, 2023 715,071 $ 21.91 715,071 $ 34,328 December 1 through December 31, 2023 13,183 $ 18.50 6,706 $ 34,206 Total 728,330 $ 21.85 721,777 (1) Includes purchases of 6,553 shares made to satisfy the income tax withholding obligations of certain employees upon the vesting and delivery of restricted stock units issued under our 2021 Stock Incentive Plan.
Removed
On October 31, 2022, the share repurchase program was reauthorized by the Board of Directors for share repurchases of up to $50.0 million of the Company's outstanding common shares and expires in October 2023.
Removed
On October 25, 2021, the share repurchase program was reauthorized by the Board of Directors for share repurchases up to $50.0 million of its outstanding common shares and expired in October 2022.
Removed
Riley Financial, Inc. $ 100 $ 81 $ 154 $ 287 $ 691 $ 287 Russell 2000 Financial $ 100 $ 87 $ 104 $ 99 $ 125 $ 102 S&P 500 $ 100 $ 94 $ 121 $ 141 $ 178 $ 144 We have updated the comparative indexes in the current year due to the delisting of half of the companies in the peer group index used in prior years.
Removed
These indexes were selected because their businesses and operations were comparable to ours throughout or for some portion of the five-year period presented in the chart above.

Item 7. Management's Discussion & Analysis

Management's Discussion & Analysis (MD&A) — revenue / margin commentary

140 edited+99 added−185 removed26 unchanged
Biggest changeYear Ended December 31, 2022 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2021 51 Table of Contents Consolidated Statements of Operations (Dollars in thousands) Year Ended December 31, 2022 Year Ended December 31, 2021 Change Amount % Amount % Amount % (As restated) Revenues: Services and fees $ 895,623 82.9 % $ 1,153,225 74.2 % $ (257,602) (22.3) % Trading (loss) income and fair value adjustments on loans (202,628) (18.8) % 220,545 14.2 % (423,173) (191.9) % Interest income - Loans and securities lending 245,400 22.7 % 122,723 7.9 % 122,677 100.0 % Sale of goods 142,275 13.2 % 58,205 3.7 % 84,070 144.4 % Total revenues 1,080,670 100.0 % 1,554,698 100.0 % (474,028) (30.5) % Operating expenses: Direct cost of services 142,455 13.2 % 54,390 3.5 % 88,065 161.9 % Cost of goods sold 78,647 7.3 % 26,953 1.8 % 51,694 191.8 % Selling, general and administrative expenses 714,614 66.1 % 906,196 58.3 % (191,582) (21.1) % Restructuring charge 9,011 0.8 % — — % 9,011 100.0 % Interest expense - Securities lending and loan participations sold 66,495 6.2 % 52,631 3.4 % 13,864 26.3 % Total operating expenses 1,011,222 93.6 % 1,040,170 66.9 % (28,948) (2.8) % Operating income 69,448 6.4 % 514,528 33.1 % (445,080) (86.5) % Other income (expense): Interest income 2,735 0.3 % 229 — % 2,506 n/m Dividend income 35,874 3.3 % 19,732 1.3 % 16,142 81.8 % Realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments (201,079) (18.6) % 166,131 10.7 % (367,210) n/m Change in fair value of financial instruments and other 10,188 0.9 % 3,796 0.2 % 6,392 168.4 % Income from equity method investments 3,570 0.3 % 2,801 0.2 % 769 27.5 % Interest expense (141,186) (13.1) % (92,455) (5.9) % (48,731) 52.7 % (Loss) income before income taxes (220,450) (20.4) % 614,762 39.5 % (835,212) (135.9) % Benefit from (provision for) income taxes 63,856 5.9 % (163,960) (10.5) % 227,816 (138.9) % Net (loss) income (156,594) (14.5) % 450,802 29.0 % (607,396) (134.7) % Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests 3,235 0.3 % 5,748 0.4 % (2,513) (43.7) % Net (loss) income attributable to B.
Biggest changeYear Ended December 31, 2023 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2022 54 Table of Contents Consolidated Statements of Operations (Dollars in thousands) Year Ended December 31, 2023 Year Ended December 31, 2022 Change Amount % Amount % Amount % Revenues: Services and fees $ 1,002,370 61.1 % $ 895,623 82.9 % $ 106,747 11.9 % Trading income (loss) and fair value adjustments on loans 41,828 2.5 % (202,628) (18.8) % 244,456 (120.6) % Interest income - Loans and securities lending 284,896 17.3 % 245,400 22.7 % 39,496 16.1 % Sale of goods 314,506 19.1 % 142,275 13.2 % 172,231 121.1 % Total revenues 1,643,600 100.0 % 1,080,670 100.0 % 562,930 52.1 % Operating expenses: Direct cost of services 238,794 14.5 % 142,455 13.2 % 96,339 67.6 % Cost of goods sold 213,351 13.0 % 78,647 7.3 % 134,704 171.3 % Selling, general and administrative expenses 828,903 50.4 % 714,614 66.1 % 114,289 16.0 % Restructuring charge 2,131 0.1 % 9,011 0.8 % (6,880) (76.4) % Impairment of goodwill and tradenames 70,333 4.3 % — — % 70,333 100.0 % Interest expense - Securities lending and loan participations sold 145,435 8.8 % 66,495 6.2 % 78,940 118.7 % Total operating expenses 1,498,947 91.1 % 1,011,222 93.6 % 487,725 48.2 % Operating income 144,653 8.9 % 69,448 6.4 % 75,205 108.3 % Other income (expense): Interest income 3,875 0.2 % 2,735 0.3 % 1,140 41.7 % Dividend income 47,776 2.9 % 35,874 3.3 % 11,902 33.2 % Realized and unrealized losses on investments (162,589) (9.9) % (201,079) (18.6) % 38,490 (19.1) % Change in fair value of financial instruments and other (4,748) (0.3) % 10,188 0.9 % (14,936) (146.6) % Gain on bargain purchase 15,903 1.0 % — — % 15,903 100.0 % (Loss) income from equity method investments (181) — % 3,570 0.3 % (3,751) (105.1) % Interest expense (187,013) (11.4) % (141,186) (13.1) % (45,827) 32.5 % Loss before income taxes (142,324) (8.7) % (220,450) (20.4) % 78,126 (35.4) % Benefit from income taxes 36,693 2.2 % 63,856 5.9 % (27,163) (42.5) % Net loss (105,631) (6.4) % (156,594) (14.5) % 50,963 (32.5) % Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests (5,721) (0.3) % 3,235 0.3 % (8,956) n/m Net loss attributable to B.
In addition to paying interest on outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, the Company is required to pay a quarterly commitment fee based on the unused portion of the Revolving Credit Facility, which is determined by the average utilization of the facility for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter.
In addition to paying interest on outstanding borrowings under the New Revolving Credit Facility, the Company is required to pay a quarterly commitment fee based on the unused portion, which is determined by the average utilization of the facility for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter.
If the financial markets and/or the overall economy continue to be impacted, our results of operations, financial position, and cash flows may be materially adversely affected. Results of Operations The following period to period comparisons of our financial results and our interim results are not necessarily indicative of future results.
If the financial markets and/or the overall economy continue to be impacted, our results of operations, financial position, and cash flows may be materially adversely affected. Results of Operations The following period to period comparisons of our financial results are not necessarily indicative of future results.
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest and Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests . Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests represents the proportionate share of net income (loss) generated by membership interests of partnerships that we do not own.
Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests represents the proportionate share of net income generated by membership interests of partnerships that we do not own.
We continue to monitor our financial performance to ensure sufficient liquidity to fund operations and execute on our business plan. Cash Flow Summary Following is a summary of our cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities, investing activities and financing activities during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
We continue to monitor our financial performance to ensure sufficient liquidity to fund operations and execute on our business plan. Cash Flow Summary Following is a summary of our cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities, investing activities and financing activities during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.
The agreement contains certain covenants, including those limiting the Borrower’s ability to incur indebtedness, incur liens, sell or acquire assets or businesses, change the nature of their businesses, engage in transactions with related parties, make certain investments or pay dividends. In addition, the agreement requires the Borrower to maintain certain financial ratios.
The agreement contains certain covenants, including those limiting the borrower’s ability to incur indebtedness, incur liens, sell or acquire assets or businesses, change the nature of their businesses, engage in transactions with related parties, make certain investments or pay dividends. In addition the agreement requires bebe to maintain certain financial ratios.
This loan was used to finance part of the purchase of BullsEye by Lingo. On September 9, 2022, Lingo entered into the First Amendment to the Lingo Credit Agreement with Grasshopper Bank (the “New Lender”) for an incremental term loan of $7.5 million, increasing the principal balance of the term loan to $52.5 million.
This loan was used to finance part of the purchase of BullsEye by Lingo. On September 9, 2022, Lingo entered into the First Amendment to the Lingo Credit Agreement with Grasshopper Bank for an incremental term loan of $7.5 million, increasing the principal balance of the term loan to $52.5 million.
Noncash items of $47.6 million included share-based compensation of $61.1 million, depreciation and amortization of $40.0 million, fair value adjustments of $34.9 million, impairment of leaseholds, intangibles and lease loss accrual, and gain (loss) on disposal of fixed assets of $4.9 million, provision for doubtful accounts of $4.2 million, dividends from equity method investments of $4.0 million, income allocated for mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interests of $1.1 million, and effect of foreign currency on operations of $0.8 million, partially offset by deferred income taxes of $80.4 million, SPAC deconsolidation gain of $8.3 million, gain on equity method investments of $6.8 million, income from equity method investments of $3.6 million, non-cash interest and other of $3.2 million, and gain on extinguishment of debt of $1.1 million.
Noncash items of $47.6 million included share-based compensation of $61.1 million, depreciation and amortization of $40.0 million, fair value adjustments of $34.9 million, impairment of leaseholds, intangibles and lease loss accrual and gain on disposal of fixed assets of $4.9 million, provision for credit losses of $4.2 million, dividends from equity method investments of $4.0 million, income allocated for mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interests of $1.1 million, and effect of foreign currency on operations of $0.8 million, partially offset by deferred income taxes of $80.4 million, SPAC deconsolidation gain of $8.3 million, gain on equity method investments of $6.8 million, income from equity method investments of $3.6 million, non-cash interest and other of $3.2 million, and gain on extinguishment of debt of $1.1 million.
A discussion of cash flows during the year ended December 31, 2020 has been omitted from this Annual Report on Form 10-K, but may be found in “Item 7.
A discussion of cash flows during the year ended December 31, 2021 has been omitted from this Annual Report on Form 10-K, but may be found in “Item 7.
Wells Fargo Credit Agreement We are party to a credit agreement (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”) governing our asset based credit facility with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (“Wells Fargo Bank”) with a maximum borrowing limit of $200.0 million and a maturity date of April 20, 2027.
Wells Fargo Credit Agreement We are party to a credit agreement (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”) governing our asset based credit facility with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (“Wells Fargo Bank”) with a maximum borrowing limit of $200.0 million and a 65 Table of Contents maturity date of April 20, 2027.
Readers are also urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made by us which attempt to advise interested parties of the factors which affect our business, including without limitation the disclosures made in Item 1A of Part II of this Annual Report under the caption “Risk Factors.” Risk factors that could cause actual results to differ from those contained in the forward-looking statements include but are not limited to risks related to: volatility in our revenues and results of operations; changing conditions in the financial markets; our ability to generate sufficient revenues to achieve and maintain profitability; our exposure to credit risk; the short term nature of our engagements; the accuracy of our estimates and valuations of inventory or assets in “guarantee” based engagements; failure to successfully compete in any of our businesses; potential losses related to our auction or liquidation engagements; our dependence on communications, information and other systems and third parties; potential losses related to purchase transactions in our auction and liquidations business; the potential loss of financial institution clients; potential losses from or illiquidity of our proprietary investments; changing economic and market conditions, including increasing inflation and actions by the Federal Reserve to address inflation and the possibility of recession or an economic downturn; the continuing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, or other pandemics or severe public health crises, and other related impacts including supply chain disruptions, labor shortages and increased labor costs; potential liability and harm to our reputation if we were to provide an inaccurate appraisal or valuation; potential mark-downs in inventory in connection with purchase transactions; loss of key personnel; our ability to borrow under our credit facilities or at-the-market offering as necessary; failure to comply with the terms of our credit agreements or senior notes; our ability to meet future capital requirements; our ability to realize the benefits of our completed acquisitions, including our ability to achieve anticipated opportunities and cost savings, and accretion to reported earnings estimated to result from completed and proposed acquisitions in the time frame expected by management or at all; the diversion of management time on acquisition-related issues; the failure of our brand investment portfolio licensees to pay us royalties; and the effect of geopolitical instability, including wars, conflicts and terrorist attacks, including the impacts of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
Readers are also urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made by us which attempt to advise interested parties of the factors which affect our business, including without limitation the disclosures made in Item 1A of Part II of this Annual Report under the caption “Risk Factors.” Risk factors that could cause actual results to differ from those contained in the forward-looking statements include but are not limited to risks related to: volatility in our revenues and results of operations; changing conditions in the financial markets; our ability to generate sufficient revenues to achieve and maintain profitability; our exposure to credit risk; the short term nature of our engagements; the accuracy of our estimates and valuations of inventory or assets in “guarantee” based engagements; failure to successfully compete in any of our businesses; potential losses related to our auction or liquidation engagements; our dependence on communications, information and other systems and third parties; potential losses related to purchase transactions in our auction and liquidations business; the potential loss of financial institution clients; potential losses from or illiquidity of our proprietary investments; changing economic and market conditions, including continuing inflation and any further actions by the Federal Reserve to address inflation and the possibility of recession or an economic downturn; the effects of pandemics or severe public health crises, and other related impacts including supply chain disruptions, labor shortages and increased labor costs; potential liability and harm to our reputation if we were to provide an inaccurate appraisal or valuation; potential mark-downs in inventory in connection with purchase transactions; loss of key personnel; our ability to borrow under our credit facilities or at-the-market offering as necessary; failure to comply with the terms of our credit agreements or senior notes; our ability to meet future capital requirements; our ability to realize the benefits of our completed acquisitions, including our ability to achieve anticipated opportunities and cost savings, and accretion to reported earnings estimated to result from completed and proposed acquisitions in the time frame expected by management or at all; the diversion of management time on acquisition-related issues; the failure of our brand investment portfolio licensees to pay us royalties; the impact of legal proceedings, including those related to the allegations raised against Brian Kahn; the activities of short sellers and their impact on our business and reputation; and the effect of geopolitical instability, including wars, conflicts and terrorist attacks, including the impacts of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and conflicts in the Middle East.
We believe that our current cash and cash equivalents, securities and other investments owned, funds available under our asset based credit facility, funds available under the Targus, Pathlight, Lingo, BRPAC, and Nomura term loans, funds available under the Targus and Nomura revolving credit facilities, and cash expected to be generated from operating activities will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months from issuance date of the accompanying financial statements.
We believe that our current cash and cash equivalents, securities and other investments owned, funds available under our asset based credit facility, funds available under the Targus and Nomura revolving credit facilities, and cash expected to be generated from operating activities will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months from issuance date of the accompanying financial statements.
On a continual basis, management reviews its estimates utilizing currently available information, changes in facts and circumstances, historical experience and reasonable assumptions. After such reviews, and if deemed appropriate, management’s estimates are adjusted accordingly. Actual results may vary from these estimates and assumptions under different and/or future circumstances.
On a continual basis, management 68 Table of Contents reviews its estimates utilizing currently available information, changes in facts and circumstances, historical experience, and reasonable assumptions. After such reviews, and if deemed appropriate, management’s estimates are adjusted accordingly. Actual results may vary from these estimates and assumptions under different and/or future circumstances.
We account for goodwill and intangible assets in accordance with the accounting guidance which requires that goodwill and other intangibles with indefinite lives be tested for impairment annually or on an interim basis if events or circumstances indicate that the fair value of an asset has decreased below its carrying value.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets We account for goodwill and intangible assets in accordance with ASC 350 – Intangibles - Goodwill and Other, which requires that goodwill and other intangibles with indefinite lives be tested for impairment annually or on an interim basis if events or circumstances indicate that the fair value of an asset has decreased below its carrying value.
While it is the Board’s current intention to make regular dividend payments of $1.00 per share each quarter and special dividend payments dependent upon exceptional circumstances from time to time, our Board of Directors may reduce or discontinue the payment of dividends at any time for any reason it deems relevant.
While it is the Board’s current intention to make regular dividend payments each quarter and special dividend payments dependent upon exceptional circumstances from time to time, our Board of Directors may reduce or discontinue the payment of dividends at any time for any reason it deems relevant.
There is no outstanding balance on this credit facility as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, there were no open letters of credit outstanding. We are in compliance with all financial covenants in the asset based credit facility as of December 31, 2022.
There is no outstanding balance on this credit facility as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, there were no open letters of credit outstanding. We are in compliance with all covenants in the asset based credit facility as of December 31, 2023.
Principal outstanding is due in quarterly installments starting on December 31, 2022. Quarterly installments from December 31, 2022 to September 30, 2027 are in the amount of $1.4 million per quarter and the remaining principal balance is due at final maturity on October 18, 2027.
Principal outstanding is due in quarterly installments starting on December 31, 2022. Quarterly installments from March 31, 2024 to March 31, 2027 are in the amount of $1.4 million per quarter and the remaining principal balance is due at final maturity on October 18, 2027.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, dividends in arrears in respect of the Depositary Shares were $0.5 million and $0.5 million, respectively. On January 9, 2023, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.4609375 per Depositary Share, which was paid on January 31, 2023 to holders of record as of the close of business on January 20, 2023.
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, dividends in arrears in respect of the Depositary Shares were $0.5 million. On January 9, 2024, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.4609375 per Depositary Share, which was paid on January 31, 2024 to holders of record as of the close of business on January 22, 2024.
Quarterly installments from March 31, 2023 to December 31, 2023 are in the amount of $2.3 million per quarter, from March 31, 2024 to December 31, 2024 68 Table of Contents are in the amount of $2.7 million per quarter, from March 31, 2025 to June 30, 2027 are in the amount of $3.7 million, and the remaining principal balance is due at final maturity on August 16, 2027.
Principal outstanding is due in quarterly installments starting on March 31, 2023. Quarterly installments from March 31, 2024 to December 31, 2024 are in the amount of $2.7 million per quarter, from March 31, 2025 to June 30, 2027 are in the amount of $3.7 million, and the remaining principal balance is due at final maturity on August 16, 2027.
Riley Financial, Inc. (Nasdaq: RILY) (the “Company”) is a diversified financial services platform that delivers tailored solutions to meet the strategic, operational, and capital needs of its clients and partners. We operate through several consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, “B.
Riley Financial, Inc. and all of its subsidiaries. Overview Description of the Company B. Riley Financial, Inc. (Nasdaq: RILY) (the “Company”) is a diversified financial services platform that delivers tailored solutions to meet the strategic, operational, and capital needs of its clients and partners. We operate through several consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, “B.
If an event of default occurs, the agent would be entitled to take various actions, including the acceleration of amounts due under the outstanding BRPAC 70 Table of Contents Credit Agreement. We are in compliance with all financial covenants in the BRPAC Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2022.
If an event of default occurs, the agent would be entitled to take various actions, including the acceleration of amounts due under the outstanding BRPAC Credit Agreement. We are in compliance with all financial covenants in the BRPAC Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2023.
Interest expense on the term loan during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, was $3.5 million (including amortization of deferred debt issuance costs of $0.3 million), $2.5 million (including amortization of deferred debt issuance costs of $0.3 million) and $2.4 million (including amortization of deferred debt issuance costs of $0.3 million), respectively.
Interest expense on the term loan during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $5.2 million (including amortization of deferred debt issuance costs of $0.3 million) and $3.5 million (including amortization of deferred debt issuance costs of $0.3 million), respectively.
Dividends are payable quarterly in arrears. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, dividends in arrears in respect of the Depositary Shares were $0.8 million and $0.8 million, respectively.
Dividends are payable quarterly in arrears. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, dividends in arrears in respect of the Depositary Shares were $0.8 million.
Goodwill includes the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in business combinations and the acquisition of noncontrolling interests. The Codification requires that goodwill be tested for impairment at the reporting unit level (operating segment or one level below an operating segment).
Goodwill includes the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in business combinations and the acquisition of noncontrolling interests. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level (operating segment or one level below an operating segment).
The credit facility also provides for funding fees in the amount of 0.05% to 0.20% of the aggregate principal amount of all credit advances and letters of credit issued in connection with a liquidation sale. Interest expense totaled $0.2 million, $0.4 million, and $0.6 million during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.
The credit facility also provides for funding fees in the amount of 0.05% to 0.20% of the aggregate principal amount of all credit advances and letters of credit issued in connection with a liquidation sale. Interest expense totaled $0.1 million and $0.2 million during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
On January 9, 2023, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.4296875 per Depositary Share, which was paid on January 31, 2023 to holders of record as of the close of business on January 20, 2023.
On January 9, 2024, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.4296875 per Depositary Share, which was paid on January 31, 2024 to holders of record as of the close of business on January 22, 2024.
Interest on the revolving facility during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $5.4 million (including unused commitment fees of $0.01 million and amortization of deferred financing costs of $0.6 million) and $1.9 million (including unused commitment fees of $0.08 million and amortization of deferred financing costs of $0.3 million), respectively.
Interest on the revolving facility during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $5.9 million (including unused commitment fees of $0.3 million and amortization of deferred financing costs of $0.8 million) and $5.4 million (including unused commitment fees of $0.01 million and amortization of deferred financing costs of $0.6 million), respectively.
The obligations under the BRPAC Credit Agreement are secured by first-priority liens on, and first priority security interest in, substantially all of the assets of the Credit Parties, including a pledge of (a) 100.00% of the equity interests of the Credit Parties, (b) 65% of the equity interests in United Online Software Development (India) Private Limited, a private limited company organized under the laws of India; and (c) 65% of the equity interests in magicJack VocalTec LTD., a limited company organized under the laws of Israel.
The obligations under the BRPAC Credit Agreement are secured by first-priority liens on, and first priority security interest in, substantially all of the assets of the Credit Parties, including a pledge of (a) 100.00% of the equity interests of the Credit Parties, (b) 65% of the equity interests in United Online Software Development (India) Private Limited, a private limited company organized under the laws of India; and (c) 65% of the equity interests in magicJack VoIP Services, LLC, a Delaware corporation.
Quarterly installments from March 31, 2023 to December 31, 2023 are in the amount of $4.7 million per quarter, from March 31, 2024 to December 31, 2026 are in the amount of $3.8 million per quarter, on March 31, 2027 is in the amount of $2.8 million, and the remaining principal balance is due at final maturity on June 30, 2027.
Quarterly installments from March 31, 2024 to December 31, 2026 are in the amount of $3.5 million per quarter, on March 31, 2027 is in the amount of $2.6 million, and the remaining principal balance is due at final maturity on June 30, 2027.
The Credit Agreement and the Second Amendment contain certain affirmative and negative covenants customary for financings of this type that, among other things, limit our, the Primary Guarantor’s, the Borrower’s, and the Borrower’s subsidiaries’ ability to incur additional indebtedness or liens, to dispose of assets, to make certain fundamental changes, to enter into restrictive agreements, to make certain investments, loans, advances, guarantees and acquisitions, to prepay certain indebtedness and to pay dividends or to make other distributions or redemptions/repurchases in respect of their respective equity interests.
The Credit Agreement contains certain affirmative and negative covenants customary for financings of this type that, among other things, limit the Company’s and its subsidiaries’ ability to incur additional indebtedness or liens, to dispose of assets, to make certain fundamental changes, to enter into restrictive agreements, to make certain investments, loans, advances, guarantees and acquisitions, to prepay certain indebtedness and to pay dividends or to make other distributions or redemptions/repurchases in respect of their respective equity interests.
As of December 31, 2022, and 2021, the outstanding balance on the term loan was $68.7 million (net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $0.7 million) and $53.7 million (net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $0.6 million), respectively.
As of December 31, 2023, and 2022, the outstanding balance on the term loan was $46.6 million (net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $0.4 million) and $68.7 million (net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $0.7 million), respectively.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the interest rate on the BRPAC Credit Agreement was 7.65% and 3.17%, respectively. Principal outstanding under the Amended BRPAC Credit Agreement is due in quarterly installments.
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the interest rate on the BRPAC Credit Agreement was 8.46% and 7.65%, respectively. Principal outstanding under the amended BRPAC Credit Agreement is due in quarterly installments.
Our diversified financial platform is affected by a variety of factors including the continuing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, higher inflation, the actions by the Federal Reserve to address inflation, the possibility of recession or an economic downturn, Russia's invasion of Ukraine, and rising energy prices.
Our diversified financial platform is affected by a variety of factors including continuing higher inflation, the actions by the Federal Reserve to address inflation, the possibility of recession or an economic downturn, Russia's invasion of Ukraine, the conflicts in the Middle East, and rising energy prices.
The term loan bears interest on the outstanding principal amount equal to the Term SOFR rate plus a margin of 3.00% to 3.75% per annum, depending on the consolidated total funded debt ratio as defined in the Lingo Credit Agreement, plus applicable spread adjustment. As of December 31, 2022, the interest rate on the Lingo Credit Agreement was 7.89%.
The term loan bears interest on the outstanding principal amount equal to the Term SOFR rate plus a margin of 3.00% to 3.75% per annum, depending on the consolidated total funded debt ratio as defined in the Lingo Credit Agreement, plus 63 Table of Contents applicable spread adjustment.
Through a series of amendments, including the most recent Fourth Amendment to the BRPAC Credit Agreement (the “Fourth Amendment”) on June 21, 2022, the Borrowers, the Secured Guarantors, the Agent and the Closing Date Lenders agreed to the following, among other things: (i) the Lenders agreed to make a new $75.0 million term loan to the Borrowers, the proceeds of which the Borrowers’ used to repay the outstanding principal amount of the existing terms loans and optional loans and will use for other general corporate purposes, (ii) a new applicable margin level of 3.50% was established as set forth from the date of the Fourth Amendment, (iii) Marconi Wireless was added to the Borrowers, (iv) the maturity date of the term loan was set to June 30, 2027, and (v) the Borrowers were permitted to make certain distributions to the parent company of the Borrowers.
Through a series of amendments, including the most recent Fourth Amendment to the BRPAC Credit Agreement (the “Fourth Amendment”) on June 21, 2022, the Borrowers, the Secured Guarantors, the Agent and the Closing Date Lenders agreed to the following, among other things: (i) the Lenders agreed to make a new $75.0 million term loan to the Borrowers, the proceeds of which the Borrowers’ used to repay the outstanding principal amount of the existing terms loans and optional loans and will use for other general corporate purposes, (ii) a new applicable margin level of 3.50% was established as set forth from the date of the Fourth Amendment, (iii) Marconi Wireless was added to the Borrowers, (iv) the maturity date of the term loan was set to June 30, 2027, and (v) the Borrowers were permitted to make certain distributions to the parent company of the Borrowers. 66 Table of Contents The borrowings under the amended BRPAC Credit Agreement bear interest equal to the Term SOFR rate plus a margin of 2.75% to 3.50% per annum, depending on the Borrowers’ consolidated total funded debt ratio as defined in the BRPAC Credit Agreement.
We are in compliance with all financial covenants in the Pathlight Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2022.
We are in compliance with all financial covenants in the Lingo Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2023.
The increase was primarily due to an increase of $5.0 million in other business development activities and an increase of $1.4 million in payroll and related expenses, partially offset by a decrease of $0.5 million in foreign currency fluctuations.
The decrease was primarily due to decreases of $3.4 million in business development activities and $0.4 million in payroll and related expenses, partially offset by an increase of $0.8 million in foreign currency fluctuations.
The decrease in the fair value of the portfolio of securities 53 Table of Contents and other investments owned during the year ended December 31, 2022 was primarily due to the decrease in overall values in the stock market.
The increase in the fair value of the portfolio of securities and other investments owned during the year ended December 31, 2023 was primarily due to the increase in overall values in the stock market.
The Targus Credit Agreement contains certain covenants, including those limiting the Borrower’s ability to incur indebtedness, incur liens, sell or acquire assets or businesses, change the nature of their businesses, engage in transactions with related parties, make certain investments or pay dividends.
The agreement contains certain covenants, including those limiting our ability to incur indebtedness, incur liens, sell or acquire assets or businesses, change the nature of their businesses, engage in transactions with related parties, make certain investments or pay dividends. In addition, the agreement requires us to maintain certain financial ratios.
Wealth Management Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Wealth Management segment decreased by $102.4 million to $263.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 from $366.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Wealth Management Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Wealth Management segment decreased by $68.5 million to $195.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 from $263.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2022.
The Credit Agreement and the Second Amendment contain customary events of default, including with respect to a failure to make payments under the credit facilities, cross-default, certain bankruptcy and insolvency events and customary change of control events. We are in compliance with all financial covenants in the Nomura Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2022.
The Credit Agreement contains customary events of default, including with respect to a failure to make payments under the credit facilities, cross-default, certain bankruptcy and insolvency events and customary change of control events. The Company is in compliance with all financial covenants in the Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2023.
The effective income tax rate was a provision of 29.0% during the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to a provision of 26.7% during the year ended December 31, 2021. Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest and Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests .
The effective income tax rate was a benefit of 25.8% during the year ended December 31, 2023 as compared to a benefit of 29.0% during the year ended December 31, 2022. Net (Loss) Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest and Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests .
During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, we generated net loss attributable to the Company of $159.8 million and net income attributable to the Company of $445.1 million, respectively.
During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we generated net loss attributable to the Company of $99.9 million and net loss attributable to the Company of $159.8 million, respectively.
The net income attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests was $5.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to a net loss of $1.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2020. Net Income Attributable to the Company .
The net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests was $5.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to income of $3.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2022. Net Loss Attributable to the Company .
Net loss available to common shareholders during the year ended December 31, 2022 was $167.8 million compared to net income available to common shareholders of $437.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Net loss available to common shareholders during the year ended December 31, 2023 was $108.0 million compared to net loss available to common shareholders of $167.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2022.
The interest rate on the revolving facility as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was 9.23% and 4.67%, respectively.
The interest rate on the revolving facility as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 was 11.37% and 9.23%, respectively.
Other Income (Expense). Other income included interest income of $2.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $0.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2021. Dividend income was $35.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $19.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Other income included interest income of $3.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to $2.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2022. Dividend income was $47.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to $35.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2022.
Net (Loss) Income Attributable to the Company . Net loss attributable to the Company during the year ended December 31, 2022 was $159.8 million compared to net income attributable to the Company of $445.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Net loss attributable to the Company during the year ended December 31, 2023 was $99.9 million compared to net loss attributable to the Company of $159.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2022.
Financial Consulting Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Financial Consulting segment increased by $4.8 million to $82.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 from $77.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Financial Consulting Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Financial Consulting segment increased by $21.1 million to $103.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 from $82.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2022.
Senior Note Offerings During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company issued $111.8 million and $233.4 million, respectively, of senior notes with maturity dates ranging from May 2024 to August 2028 pursuant to At the Market Issuance Sales Agreements with B. Riley Securities, Inc. which governs the program of at-the-market sales of the Company’s senior notes.
Senior Note Offerings During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we issued $0.2 million and $111.8 million, respectively, of senior notes with maturity dates ranging from May 2024 to August 2028 pursuant to At the Market Issuance Sales Agreements with BRS which governs the program of at-the-market sales of our senior notes.
The Pathlight Credit Agreement contains certain covenants, including those limiting the Borrower’s ability to incur indebtedness, incur liens, sell or acquire assets or businesses, change the nature of their businesses, engage in transactions with related parties, make certain investments or pay dividends.
The Targus Credit Agreement is secured by substantially all Targus assets as collateral defined in the Targus Credit Agreement. The agreement contains certain covenants, including those limiting our ability to incur indebtedness, incur liens, sell or acquire assets or businesses, change the nature of our businesses, engage in transactions with related parties, make certain investments or pay dividends.
Revenues from services and fees in the Capital Markets segment decreased approximately $262.7 million, to $292.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 from $555.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Revenues from services and fees in the Capital Markets segment decreased approximately $43.9 million, to $249.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 from $292.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2022.
The decrease in revenues was primarily due to decreases in revenue of $83.1 million from wealth and asset management fees, $48.5 million in commission fees, and $11.0 million in other asset management fees.
The decrease in revenues was primarily due to decreases in revenue of $27.5 million from wealth and asset management fees, $9.3 million in commission fees, and $0.4 million in other income.
Communications Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Communications segment increased by $47.8 million to $84.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 from $36.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Communications Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Communications segment increased by $25.6 million to $109.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 from $84.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2022.
We are in compliance with all financial covenants in the Targus Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2022. The term loan bears interest on the outstanding principal amount equal to the Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) rate plus an applicable margin of 3.75%.
We are in compliance with the Targus Credit Agreement and no event of default has occurred. The term loan bears interest on the outstanding principal amount equal to the Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) rate plus an applicable margin of 3.75%.
Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes. Benefit from income taxes was $63.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to a provision for income taxes of $164.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Benefit from Income Taxes. Benefit from income taxes was $36.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to a benefit from income taxes of $63.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2022.
Cash used in investing activities was $32.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to used in investing activities of $956.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Cash provided by investing activities was $301.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to cash used in investing activities of $32.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2022.
Realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments was a loss of $201.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to gains of $166.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2021. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in 56 Table of Contents overall values of our investments.
Realized and unrealized losses on investments were $162.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to $201.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2022. The change was primarily due to a decrease in overall values of our investments.
The increase was primarily due to increases in operating income of $238.3 million, realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments of $118.8 million, change in fair value of financial instruments and other of $3.8 million, and income from equity method investments of $3.4 million, partially offset by increases in provision for income taxes of $88.5 million, interest expense of $27.2 million, net income attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests of $6.9 million, a decrease in dividend income of $1.4 million, and a decrease in interest income of $0.3 million.
The change was primarily due to an increase in operating income of $75.2 million, a change in realized and unrealized losses on investments and fair value adjustments of $38.5 million, a gain on bargain purchase of $15.9 million, an increase in dividend income of $11.9 million, a change in net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests of $9.0 million, and an increase in interest income of $1.1 million, partially offset by an increase in interest expense of $45.8 million, a decrease in benefit from income taxes of $27.2 million, a decrease in change in fair value of financial instruments and other of $14.9 million, and a decrease in income from equity method investments of $3.8 million.
The increases in interest expense primarily consisted of $18.6 million related to the senior notes, $15.4 million related to the Nomura term loan, $5.3 million related to the Pathlight term loan, $3.5 million related to the Nomura revolver, $1.6 million related to the Lingo term loan, $0.8 million related to the Targus revolver, and $0.5 million related to the Targus term loan.
The increases in interest expense primarily consisted of $20.4 million related to the Nomura term loan, $9.0 million related to the Pathlight term loan, $4.8 million related to the Lingo term loan, $4.0 million related to the Targus revolver, $3.1 million related to the senior notes, $1.9 million related to the Targus term loan, and $1.7 million related to the BRPI Acquisition Co LLC (“BRPAC”) term loan.
The borrowings outstanding of $2,446.8 million as of December 31, 2022 included $1,721.8 million of borrowings from the issuance of the series of senior notes that are due at various dates ranging from May 31, 2024 to August 31, 2028 with interest rates ranging from 5.00% to 6.75%, $572.1 million in term loans borrowed pursuant to the Targus, Pathlight, Lingo, BRPI Acquisition Co LLC (“BRPAC”), and Nomura credit agreements discussed below, $127.7 million of revolving credit facility under the Targus and Nomura credit facilities discussed below, and $25.3 million of notes payable.
The borrowings outstanding of $2,356.4 million as of December 31, 2023 included $1,668.0 million of borrowings from the issuance of the series of senior notes that are due at various dates ranging from May 31, 2024 to August 31, 2028 with interest rates ranging from 5.00% to 6.75%, $625.2 million in term loans borrowed pursuant to the Targus, Lingo, BRPAC, Nomura, and bebe credit agreements discussed below, $43.8 million of revolving credit facility under the Targus credit facility discussed below, and $19.4 million of notes payable.
Cash provided by financing activities was $17.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to cash provided by financing activities of $1,081.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Cash used in financing activities was $365.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to cash provided by financing activities of $17.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2022.
Revenues from services and fees in the Wealth Management segment decreased $143.6 million, to $230.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 from $374.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Revenues from services and fees in the Wealth Management segment decreased $37.2 million, to $193.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 from $230.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2022.
A summary of our common stock dividend activity during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was as follows: Date Declared Date Paid Stockholder Record Date Regular Dividend Amount Special Dividend Amount Total Dividend Amount November 3, 2022 November 29, 2022 November 15, 2022 $ 1.000 $ — $ 1.000 July 28, 2022 August 23, 2022 August 11, 2022 1.000 — 1.000 April 28, 2022 May 20, 2022 May 11, 2022 1.000 — 1.000 February 23, 2022 March 23, 2022 March 9, 2022 1.000 — 1.000 October 28, 2021 November 23, 2021 November 9, 2021 1.000 3.000 4.000 July 29, 2021 August 26, 2021 August 13, 2021 0.500 1.500 2.000 May 3, 2021 May 28, 2021 May 17, 2021 0.500 2.500 3.000 February 25, 2021 March 24, 2021 March 10, 2021 0.500 3.000 3.500 Holders of Series A Preferred Stock, when and as authorized by our board of directors, are entitled to cumulative cash dividends at the rate of 6.875% per annum of the $0.03 million liquidation preference ($25.00 per Depositary Share) per year (equivalent to $1,718.75 or $1.71875 per Depositary Share).
The declaration and payment of any future dividends or repurchases of our common stock will be made at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will be dependent upon our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, capital expenditures, and other factors that may be deemed relevant by our Board of Directors. 67 Table of Contents A summary of our common stock dividend activity during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was as follows: Date Declared Date Paid Stockholder Record Date Regular Dividend Amount Special Dividend Amount Total Dividend Amount November 8, 2023 November 30, 2023 November 20, 2023 $ 1.000 $ — $ 1.000 July 25, 2023 August 21, 2023 August 11, 2023 1.000 — 1.000 May 4, 2023 May 23, 2023 May 16, 2023 1.000 — 1.000 February 22, 2023 March 23, 2023 March 10, 2023 1.000 — 1.000 November 3, 2022 November 29, 2022 November 15, 2022 1.000 — 1.000 July 28, 2022 August 23, 2022 August 11, 2022 1.000 — 1.000 April 28, 2022 May 20, 2022 May 11, 2022 1.000 — 1.000 February 23, 2022 March 23, 2022 March 9, 2022 1.000 — 1.000 Holders of Series A Preferred Stock, when and as authorized by our board of directors, are entitled to cumulative cash dividends at the rate of 6.875% per annum of the $0.03 million liquidation preference ($25.00 per Depositary Share) per year (equivalent to $1,718.75 or $1.71875 per Depositary Share).
The decrease in revenues during the year ended December 31, 2022 was primarily due to decreases in the fair value of the portfolio of securities and other investments owned and fair value adjustments on loans of $423.2 million and a decrease in revenue from services and fees of $257.6 million, partially offset by an increase in revenue from sale of goods of $84.1 million and an increase in revenue from interest income - loans and securities lending of $122.7 million.
The increase in revenues during the year ended December 31, 2023 was primarily due to an increase in the fair value of the portfolio of securities and other investments owned and fair value adjustments on loans of $244.5 million, an increase in revenue from sale of goods of $172.2 million, an increase in revenue from services and fees of $106.7 million, and an increase in revenue from interest income - loans and securities lending of $39.5 million.
Revenues from services and fees in the Communications segment increased $139.6 million to $228.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 from $88.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Revenues from services and fees in the Communications segment increased $102.8 million to $331.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 from $228.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2022.
Operating Expenses Direct Cost of Services Direct costs increased $88.1 million, to $142.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 from $54.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Operating Expenses Direct Cost of Services Direct costs increased $96.3 million, to $238.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 from $142.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2022.
Auction and Liquidation Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Auction and Liquidation segment increased by $5.6 million to $19.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 from $14.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Auction and Liquidation Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Auction and Liquidation segment decreased by $3.0 million to $16.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 from $19.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2022.
The change was primarily due to a decrease in revenues of approximately $474.0 million, a change to realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments of $367.2 million, and an increase in interest expense of $48.7 million, partially offset by a a decrease in operating expenses of $28.9 million, an increase in dividend income of $16.1 million, an increase in change in fair value of financial instruments and other of $6.4 million, an increase in interest income of $2.5 million, and an increase in income from equity method investments of $0.8 million.
The change was primarily due to an increase in revenues of approximately $562.9 million, a change in realized and unrealized losses on investments and fair value adjustments of $38.5 million, a gain on bargain purchase of $15.9 million, an increase in dividend income of $11.9 million, and an increase in interest income of $1.1 million, partially offset by an increase in operating expenses of $487.7 million, an increase in interest expense of $45.8 million, a decrease to change in fair value of financial instruments and other of $14.9 million and a decrease in income from equity method investments of $3.8 million.
During the year ended December 31, 2022, cash provided by financing activities primarily consisted of proceeds from term loans of $324.2 million, proceeds from revolving line of credit of $64.9 million, proceeds from issuance of senior notes of $51.6 million, contributions from noncontrolling interests of $21.1 million, proceeds from our offering of preferred stock of $0.9 million, partially offset by redemption of subsidiary temporary equity and distributions of $172.6 million, payment of dividends on our common shares of $119.5 million, repayment on our term loans of $96.2 million, repayment of our revolving line of credit of $17.2 million, payment of employment taxes on vesting of restricted stock of $10.3 million, payment of dividends on our preferred shares of $8.0 million, payment of debt issuance costs of $8.2 million, repurchase of our common stock of $6.5 million, distribution to noncontrolling interests of $4.2 million, payment for contingent consideration of $1.8 million, 66 Table of Contents and repayment of our notes payable of $0.5 million.
During the year ended December 31, 2022, cash provided by financing activities primarily consisted of proceeds from term loans of $324.2 million, proceeds from revolving line of credit of $64.9 million, proceeds from issuance of senior notes of $51.6 million, contributions from noncontrolling interests of $21.1 million, proceeds from our offering of preferred stock of $0.9 million, partially offset by redemption of subsidiary temporary equity and distributions of $172.6 million, payment of dividends on our common shares of $119.5 million, repayment on our term loans of $96.2 million, repayment of our revolving line of credit of $17.2 million, payment of employment taxes on vesting of restricted stock of $10.3 million, payment of debt issuance costs of $8.2 million, payment of dividends on our preferred shares of $8.0 million, repurchase of our common stock of $6.5 million, distribution to noncontrolling interests of $4.2 million, payment for contingent consideration of $1.8 million, and repayment of our notes payable of $0.5 million. 62 Table of Contents Credit Agreements Targus Credit Agreement On October 18, 2022, our subsidiary, Tiger US Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation, among others, entered into a credit agreement (“Targus Credit Agreement”) with PNC Bank, National Association (“PNC”), as agent and security trustee for a five-year $28.0 million term loan and a five-year $85.0 million revolver loan, which was used to finance part of the acquisition of Targus.
(Loss) Income Before Income Taxes . Income (loss) before income taxes decreased $835.2 million to a loss of $220.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 from income of $614.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Loss Before Income Taxes . Loss before income taxes decreased $78.1 million to a loss of $142.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 from a loss of $220.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2022.
The loss of $202.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 was primarily due to realized and unrealized losses on investments made in our proprietary trading accounts of $148.3 million and unrealized losses on the fair value of our loans receivable of $54.3 million.
The income of $41.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 was primarily due to realized and unrealized gains on investments made in our proprietary trading accounts of $21.6 million and realized and unrealized gains on the fair value of our loans receivable of $20.2 million.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the outstanding balance on the Term Loan Facility and Incremental Facility was $287.0 million (net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $5.5 million) and $292.7 million (net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $7.4 million), respectively.
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the outstanding balance on the term loan was $63.2 million (net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $0.7 million) and $72.0 million (net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $1.0 million), respectively.
Interest on the term loan during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, 69 Table of Contents was $21.3 million (including amortization of deferred debt issuance costs of $2.1 million) and $5.9 million (including amortization of deferred debt issuance costs of $0.8 million), respectively.
Interest on the term loan during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $41.7 million (including amortization of deferred debt issuance costs of $2.9 million) and $21.3 million (including amortization of deferred debt issuance costs of $2.1 million), respectively. The interest rate on the term loan as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 was 11.37% and 9.23%, respectively.
Interest income – loans and securities lending increased $122.7 million, to $245.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 from $122.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2021. This was primarily due to increases of $118.1 million in the Capital Markets segment and $4.6 million in the Auction and Liquidation segment.
Interest income – loans and securities lending increased $39.5 million, to $284.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 from $245.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2022. This was primarily due to an increase of $44.1 million in the Capital Markets segment, partially offset by a decrease of $4.6 million in the Auction and Liquidation segment.
Income on equity method investments was $3.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $2.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2021. Interest expense was $141.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $92.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Income from equity method investments was a loss of $0.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to income of $3.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2022. Interest expense was $187.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to $141.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2022.
Consumer Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consumer segment increased by $0.2 million to $5.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2021 from $5.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2020.
Consumer Products Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consumer Products segment increased by $59.7 million to $77.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 from $17.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2022.
The change was primarily due to a decrease in operating income of $445.1 million, a change to realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments of $367.2 million, and an increase in interest expense of $48.7 million, partially offset by a change from provision for to benefit from income taxes of $227.8 million, an increase in dividend income of $16.1 million, an increase in change in fair value of financial instruments and other of $6.4 million, a decrease in net income attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests of $2.5 million, an increase in interest income of $2.5 million, and an increase in income from equity method investments of $0.8 million.
The change was primarily due to an increase in operating income of $75.2 million, a change in realized and unrealized losses on investments of $38.5 million, a gain on bargain purchase of $15.9 million, an 60 Table of Contents increase in dividend income of $11.9 million, a change in net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests of $9.0 million, and an increase in interest income of $1.1 million, partially offset by an increase in interest expense of $45.8 million, a decrease in benefit from income taxes of $27.2 million, a decrease in change in fair value of financial instruments and other of $14.9 million, and a decrease in income from equity method investments of $3.8 million.
Nomura Credit Agreement On June 23, 2021, we and our wholly owned subsidiaries, BR Financial Holdings, LLC (the “Primary Guarantor”), and BR Advisory & Investments, LLC (the “Borrower”) entered into a credit agreement (as amended prior to the Second Amendment (as defined below) the “Credit Agreement”) with Nomura Corporate Funding Americas, LLC, as administrative agent (the “Administrative Agent”), and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as collateral agent (the “Collateral Agent”), for a four-year $200.0 million secured term loan credit facility (the “Term Loan Facility”) and a four-year $80.0 million secured revolving loan credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”).
Nomura Credit Agreement We and our wholly owned subsidiaries, BR Financial Holdings, LLC, and BR Advisory & Investments, LLC had entered into a credit agreement dated June 23, 2021 (as amended, the “Prior Credit Agreement”) with Nomura Corporate Funding Americas, LLC, as administrative agent, and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as collateral agent, for a four-year $300.0 64 Table of Contents million secured term loan credit facility (the “Prior Term Loan Facility”) and a four-year $80.0 million secured revolving loan credit facility (the “Prior Revolving Credit Facility”) with a maturity date of June 23, 2025.
Except as required by law we 49 Table of Contents are under no obligation to update any of the forward-looking statements after the filing of this Annual Report to conform such statements to actual results or to changes in our expectations.
Except as required by law we are under no obligation to update any of the forward-looking statements after the filing of this Annual Report to conform such statements to actual results or to changes in our expectations. 51 Table of Contents The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report.

… 344 more changes not shown on this page.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market Risk — interest-rate, FX, commodity exposure

10 edited+3 added−1 removed5 unchanged
Biggest changeWe may be exposed to foreign currency risk; however, our operating results during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 included $101.9 million and $50.5 million of revenues and $55.0 million and $42.8 million of operating expenses, respectively, from our foreign subsidiaries and a 10% appreciation or depreciation of the U.S. dollar relative to the local currency exchange rates would result in an approximately $5.9 million and $0.7 million change in our operating income during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Biggest changeA 10% appreciation or depreciation of the U.S. dollar relative to the local currency exchange rates would result in an approximately $7.5 million and $5.9 million change in our operating income during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Item 8.
To achieve these objectives, our investments allow us to maintain a portfolio of cash equivalents, short-term investments through a variety of securities owned that primarily includes common stocks, loans receivable and investments in partnership interests. Our cash and cash equivalents through December 31, 2022 included amounts in bank checking and liquid money market accounts.
To achieve these objectives, our investments allow us to maintain a portfolio of cash equivalents, short-term investments through a variety of securities owned that primarily includes common stocks, loans receivable and investments in partnership interests. Our cash and cash equivalents through December 31, 2023 included amounts in bank checking and liquid money market accounts.
Item 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK We periodically use derivative instruments, which primarily consist of the purchase of forward exchange contracts, for certain loans receivable and Auction and Liquidation engagements with operations outside the United States. As of 77 Table of Contents December 31, 2022, no forward exchange contracts were outstanding.
Item 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK We periodically use derivative instruments, which primarily consist of the purchase of forward exchange contracts, for certain loans receivable and Auction and Liquidation engagements with operations outside the United States. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, no forward exchange contracts were outstanding.
Transaction gains (losses), which were included in our consolidated statements of operations, amounted to a gain of $2.2 million and gain of $1.3 million during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Transaction gains (losses), which were included in our consolidated statements of operations, amounted to a loss of $2.8 million and gain of $2.2 million during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Revenues generated from our foreign subsidiaries totaled $101.9 million and $50.5 million during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, or 9.4% and 3.3% of our total revenues of $1,080.7 million and $1,554.7 million during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Revenues generated from our foreign subsidiaries totaled $232.1 million and $101.9 million during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, or 14.1% and 9.4% of our total revenues of $1,643.6 million and $1,080.7 million during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
The effects of foreign currency translation adjustments are included in stockholders’ equity as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Transaction gains (losses) are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in our consolidated statements of operations.
The effects of foreign currency translation adjustments are included in stockholders’ equity as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Interest Rate Risk Our primary exposure to market risk consists of risk related to changes in interest rates. We utilize borrowings under our senior notes payable and credit facilities to fund costs and expenses incurred in connection with our acquisitions and operations.
We utilize borrowings under our senior notes payable and credit facilities to fund costs and expenses incurred in connection with our acquisitions and operations. Borrowings under our senior notes payable are at fixed interest rates and borrowings under our credit facilities bear interest at floating rates of interest.
As of December 31, 2021, €6.0 million forward exchange contracts were outstanding. The forward exchange contracts were entered into to improve the predictability of cash flows related to a retail store liquidation engagement and a loan receivable.
The forward exchange contracts were entered into to improve the predictability of cash flows related to a retail store liquidation engagement and a loan receivable. The forward exchange contracts had a net gain of zero and $0.1 million during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
If floating rates of interest had increased by 1% during the year ended December 31, 2022, the rate increase would have resulted in an increase in interest expense of $4.2 million.
In our portfolio of securities owned we invest in loans receivable that primarily bear interest at a floating rate of interest. If floating rates of interest had increased by 1% during the year ended December 31, 2023, the rate increase would have resulted in an increase in interest expense of $3.2 million.
The forward exchange contracts had a net gain of $0.1 million and net gain of $1.1 million during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. This amount is reported as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. We transact business in various foreign currencies.
This amount is reported as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. We transact business in various foreign currencies.
Removed
Borrowings under our senior notes payable are at fixed interest rates and borrowings under our credit facilities bear interest at floating rates of interest. In our portfolio of securities owned we invest in loans receivable that primarily bear interest at a floating rate of interest.
Added
Transaction gains (losses) are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in our consolidated statements of operations. 71 Table of Contents Interest Rate Risk Our primary exposure to market risk consists of risk related to changes in interest rates.
Added
We may be exposed to foreign currency risk; however, our operating results during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 included $232.1 million and $101.9 million of revenues, respectively, and $91.3 million and $55.0 million of operating expenses, respectively, from our foreign subsidiaries.
Added
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA The information required by this Item 8 is submitted as a separate section beginning on page 85 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “Financial Statements”). Item 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None.

Other RILYG 10-K year-over-year comparisons