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Side-by-side financial comparison of RESEARCH FRONTIERS INC (REFR) and Sono Group N.V. (SSM). Click either name above to swap in a different company.

RESEARCH FRONTIERS INC is the larger business by last-quarter revenue ($72.1K vs $52.9K, roughly 1.4× Sono Group N.V.).

Research Frontiers is an American nanotechnology company based in Woodbury, New York that was founded by Robert Saxe in 1965 to develop light control technology from Polaroid known as smart glass. The company develops and licenses its patented SPD-SmartGlass technology. The company currently has six full-time employees.

Sonos, Inc. is an American audio equipment manufacturer headquartered in Santa Barbara, California. The company was founded in 2002 by John MacFarlane, Craig Shelburne, Tom Cullen, and Trung Mai.

REFR vs SSM — Head-to-Head

Bigger by revenue
REFR
REFR
1.4× larger
REFR
$72.1K
$52.9K
SSM

Income Statement — Q4 FY2025 vs Q4 FY2025

Metric
REFR
REFR
SSM
SSM
Revenue
$72.1K
$52.9K
Net Profit
$-765.6K
Gross Margin
28.6%
Operating Margin
-1072.5%
Net Margin
-1061.5%
Revenue YoY
-59.5%
Net Profit YoY
-25.9%
EPS (diluted)
$-0.02

Green = leading value per metric. Periods may differ when fiscal calendars don't align.

8-Quarter Revenue & Profit Trend

Side-by-side quarterly history. Quarters aligned by calendar period so offset fiscal years line up.

Revenue
REFR
REFR
SSM
SSM
Q4 25
$72.1K
$52.9K
Q3 25
$359.4K
$52.9K
Q2 25
$129.9K
$27.0K
Q1 25
$559.8K
$28.1K
Q4 24
$178.2K
Q3 24
$354.4K
$0
Q2 24
$489.6K
$0
Q1 24
$313.4K
Net Profit
REFR
REFR
SSM
SSM
Q4 25
$-765.6K
Q3 25
$-298.5K
$-1.5M
Q2 25
$-803.8K
$-877.0K
Q1 25
$-177.7K
$9.5M
Q4 24
$-607.9K
Q3 24
$-166.8K
$-10.3M
Q2 24
$-94.0K
$-1.6M
Q1 24
$-442.6K
Gross Margin
REFR
REFR
SSM
SSM
Q4 25
28.6%
Q3 25
63.3%
Q2 25
24.0%
Q1 25
23.1%
Q4 24
Q3 24
Q2 24
Q1 24
Operating Margin
REFR
REFR
SSM
SSM
Q4 25
-1072.5%
Q3 25
-84.6%
-3206.1%
Q2 25
-627.5%
-7088.0%
Q1 25
-42.8%
-6410.3%
Q4 24
-350.4%
Q3 24
-65.4%
Q2 24
-23.7%
Q1 24
-149.9%
Net Margin
REFR
REFR
SSM
SSM
Q4 25
-1061.5%
Q3 25
-83.0%
-2838.8%
Q2 25
-618.8%
-3248.0%
Q1 25
-31.7%
33988.5%
Q4 24
-341.2%
Q3 24
-47.1%
Q2 24
-19.2%
Q1 24
-141.2%
EPS (diluted)
REFR
REFR
SSM
SSM
Q4 25
$-0.02
Q3 25
$-0.01
Q2 25
$-0.02
Q1 25
$-0.01
Q4 24
$-0.03
Q3 24
$0.00
Q2 24
$0.00
Q1 24
$-0.01

Balance Sheet & Financial Strength

Snapshot of each company's liquidity, leverage and book value from the latest quarter.

Metric
REFR
REFR
SSM
SSM
Cash + ST InvestmentsLiquidity on hand
$664.3K
$222.5K
Total DebtLower is stronger
Stockholders' EquityBook value
$933.6K
$-115.6K
Total Assets
$2.3M
$1.5M
Debt / EquityLower = less leverage

8-quarter trend — quarters aligned by calendar period.

Cash + ST Investments
REFR
REFR
SSM
SSM
Q4 25
$664.3K
$222.5K
Q3 25
$1.1M
$2.4M
Q2 25
$1.3M
$366.1K
Q1 25
$1.4M
$865.1K
Q4 24
$2.0M
Q3 24
$1.6M
Q2 24
$1.9M
Q1 24
$2.1M
Stockholders' Equity
REFR
REFR
SSM
SSM
Q4 25
$933.6K
$-115.6K
Q3 25
$1.5M
$2.7M
Q2 25
$1.8M
$-15.8M
Q1 25
$2.4M
$-15.0M
Q4 24
$2.6M
Q3 24
$2.8M
$-19.2M
Q2 24
$3.0M
$-8.9M
Q1 24
$3.1M
Total Assets
REFR
REFR
SSM
SSM
Q4 25
$2.3M
$1.5M
Q3 25
$2.8M
$4.3M
Q2 25
$3.2M
$2.2M
Q1 25
$3.8M
$2.7M
Q4 24
$4.0M
Q3 24
$3.0M
Q2 24
$3.4M
Q1 24
$3.5M

Cash Flow & Capital Efficiency

How much cash each business actually produces after reinvestment. Cash flow is harder to manipulate than net income.

Metric
REFR
REFR
SSM
SSM
Operating Cash FlowLast quarter
$-465.9K
$-7.3M
Free Cash FlowOCF − Capex
$-466.1K
FCF MarginFCF / Revenue
-646.2%
Capex IntensityCapex / Revenue
0.2%
Cash ConversionOCF / Net Profit
TTM Free Cash FlowTrailing 4 quarters
$-1.3M

8-quarter trend — quarters aligned by calendar period.

Operating Cash Flow
REFR
REFR
SSM
SSM
Q4 25
$-465.9K
$-7.3M
Q3 25
$-143.5K
Q2 25
$-78.4K
Q1 25
$-641.3K
$-2.3M
Q4 24
$47.1K
Q3 24
$-257.9K
Q2 24
$-186.9K
Q1 24
$-391.1K
Free Cash Flow
REFR
REFR
SSM
SSM
Q4 25
$-466.1K
Q3 25
$-143.9K
Q2 25
$-78.5K
Q1 25
$-641.4K
Q4 24
$46.2K
Q3 24
$-258.5K
Q2 24
$-187.0K
Q1 24
$-391.2K
FCF Margin
REFR
REFR
SSM
SSM
Q4 25
-646.2%
Q3 25
-40.0%
Q2 25
-60.5%
Q1 25
-114.6%
Q4 24
25.9%
Q3 24
-72.9%
Q2 24
-38.2%
Q1 24
-124.8%
Capex Intensity
REFR
REFR
SSM
SSM
Q4 25
0.2%
Q3 25
0.1%
Q2 25
0.1%
Q1 25
0.0%
Q4 24
0.5%
Q3 24
0.2%
Q2 24
0.0%
Q1 24
0.0%
Cash Conversion
REFR
REFR
SSM
SSM
Q4 25
Q3 25
Q2 25
Q1 25
-0.25×
Q4 24
Q3 24
Q2 24
Q1 24

Financial Flow Comparison

Revenue → gross profit → operating profit → net profit for each company.

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