Biggest changeCONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL REVIEW The following table identifies the components of change for 2022 compared with 2021 by segment: Revenues Gross Profit Operating Profit (Loss) Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Stockholders 2021 $ 3,075.7 $ 363.4 $ (152.3) $ (173.0) Increase (decrease) in 2022 Americas 420.8 81.6 66.5 85.7 EMEA 25.3 (41.9) (46.9) (47.2) JAPIC 16.1 1.4 56.9 38.1 Lift truck business 462.2 41.1 76.5 76.6 Bolzoni 7.9 9.2 8.0 5.5 Nuvera 2.7 19.5 28.0 25.1 Eliminations (0.2) 0.7 0.7 (8.3) 2022 $ 3,548.3 $ 433.9 $ (39.1) $ (74.1) 17 Table of Contents FINANCIAL REVIEW The segment and geographic results of operations for the Company were as follows for the year ended December 31: Favorable / (Unfavorable) % Change 2022 2021 2022 vs. 2021 Lift truck unit shipments (in thousands) Americas 58.4 54.5 7.2 % EMEA 29.2 26.5 10.2 % JAPIC 13.2 13.9 (5.0) % 100.8 94.9 6.2 % Revenues Americas $ 2,405.4 $ 1,984.6 21.2 % EMEA 704.2 678.9 3.7 % JAPIC 250.0 233.9 6.9 % Lift truck business 3,359.6 2,897.4 16.0 % Bolzoni 355.7 347.8 2.3 % Nuvera 3.4 0.7 385.7 % Eliminations (170.4) (170.2) n.m. $ 3,548.3 $ 3,075.7 15.4 % Gross profit (loss) Americas $ 303.4 $ 221.8 36.8 % EMEA 45.0 86.9 (48.2) % JAPIC 22.6 21.2 6.6 % Lift truck business 371.0 329.9 12.5 % Bolzoni 70.7 61.5 15.0 % Nuvera (7.2) (26.7) 73.0 % Eliminations (0.6) (1.3) n.m. $ 433.9 $ 363.4 19.4 % Selling, general and administrative expenses Americas $ 256.6 $ 241.5 (6.3) % EMEA 91.6 86.6 (5.8) % JAPIC 33.2 88.7 62.6 % Lift truck business 381.4 416.8 8.5 % Bolzoni 64.5 63.3 (1.9) % Nuvera 27.1 35.6 23.9 % $ 473.0 $ 515.7 8.3 % Operating profit (loss) Americas $ 46.8 $ (19.7) 337.6 % EMEA (46.6) 0.3 n.m.
Biggest changeThe Company's past results of operations have not been materially affected by a change in the estimate of product warranties and although there can be no assurances, the Company is not aware of any circumstances that would be reasonably likely to materially change the estimates in the future. 17 Table of Contents CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL REVIEW The following table identifies the components of change for 2023 compared with 2022 by segment: Revenues Gross Profit Operating Profit (Loss) 2022 $ 3,548.3 $ 433.9 $ (39.1) Increase (decrease) in 2023 Americas 493.9 261.5 186.3 EMEA 116.3 76.0 58.7 JAPIC (48.9) 2.9 (5.0) Lift truck business 561.3 340.4 240.0 Bolzoni 19.6 11.5 9.1 Nuvera 0.9 (1.0) (2.1) Eliminations (11.8) 0.8 0.8 2023 $ 4,118.3 $ 785.6 $ 208.7 FINANCIAL REVIEW The segment and geographic results of operations for the Company were as follows for the year ended December 31: Favorable / (Unfavorable) % Change 2023 2022 2023 vs. 2022 Lift truck unit shipments (in thousands) Americas 67.1 58.4 14.9 % EMEA 25.1 29.2 (14.0) % JAPIC 10.0 13.2 (24.2) % 102.2 100.8 1.4 % Revenues Americas $ 2,899.3 $ 2,405.4 20.5 % EMEA 820.5 704.2 16.5 % JAPIC 201.1 250.0 (19.6) % Lift truck business 3,920.9 3,359.6 16.7 % Bolzoni 375.3 355.7 5.5 % Nuvera 4.3 3.4 26.5 % Eliminations (182.2) (170.4) 6.9 % $ 4,118.3 $ 3,548.3 16.1 % Gross profit (loss) Americas $ 564.9 $ 303.4 86.2 % EMEA 121.0 45.0 168.9 % JAPIC 25.5 22.6 12.8 % Lift truck business 711.4 371.0 91.8 % Bolzoni 82.2 70.7 16.3 % Nuvera (8.2) (7.2) (13.9) % Eliminations 0.2 (0.6) n.m. $ 785.6 $ 433.9 81.1 % 18 Table of Contents Favorable / (Unfavorable) % Change 2023 2022 2023 vs. 2022 Selling, general and administrative expenses Americas $ 331.8 $ 256.6 (29.3) % EMEA 108.9 91.6 (18.9) % JAPIC 41.1 33.2 (23.8) % Lift truck business 481.8 381.4 (26.3) % Bolzoni 66.9 64.5 (3.7) % Nuvera 28.2 27.1 (4.1) % $ 576.9 $ 473.0 (22.0) % Operating profit (loss) Americas $ 233.1 $ 46.8 398.1 % EMEA 12.1 (46.6) n.m.
Losses anticipated under the terms of the recourse or repurchase obligations were not significant at December 31, 2022 and reserves have been provided for such losses in the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. See also “Related-Party Transactions” below.
Losses anticipated under the terms of the recourse or repurchase obligations were not significant at December 31, 2023 and reserves have been provided for such losses in the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. See also “Related-Party Transactions” below.
The Facility also requires the Company to achieve a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio when total excess availability is less than the greater of 10% of the total borrowing base, as defined in the Facility, and $20.0 million. At December 31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with the covenants in the Facility.
The Facility also requires the Company to achieve a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio when total excess availability is less than the greater of 10% of the total borrowing base, as defined in the Facility, and $20.0 million. At December 31, 2023, the Company was in compliance with the covenants in the Facility.
Goodwill is tested for impairment annually as of May 1, and is tested for impairment between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate the carrying amount may be impaired. The Company completed the annual testing of impairment of goodwill as of May 1, 2022 at the reporting unit level for the related goodwill.
Goodwill: Goodwill is tested for impairment annually as of May 1, and is tested for impairment between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate the carrying amount may be impaired. The Company completed the annual goodwill impairment testing as of May 1, 2023 at the reporting unit level for the related goodwill.
These fees related to amending the Facility and the Term Loan. These fees were deferred and are being amortized as interest expense over the term of the applicable debt agreements. No fees were incurred in 2022 or 2020. Fees related to the Term Loan are presented as a direct deduction of the corresponding debt.
These fees related to amending the Facility and the Term Loan. These fees were deferred and are being amortized as interest expense over the term of the applicable debt agreements. No fees were incurred in 2022. Fees related to the Term Loan are presented as a direct deduction of the corresponding debt.
RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS For information regarding recently issued accounting standards refer to Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K. EFFECTS OF FOREIGN CURRENCY The Company operates internationally and enters into transactions denominated in foreign currencies. As a result, the Company is subject to the variability that arises from exchange rate movements.
RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS For information regarding recently issued accounting standards refer to Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. EFFECTS OF FOREIGN CURRENCY The Company operates internationally and enters into transactions denominated in foreign currencies. As a result, the Company is subject to the variability that arises from exchange rate movements.
Changes in the Company's estimates, due to unanticipated events or otherwise, could have a material effect on its financial condition and results of operations. The Company continually evaluates its deferred tax assets to determine if a valuation allowance is required or no longer needed.
Changes in the Company's estimates, due to unanticipated events or otherwise, could have a material effect on its 16 Table of Contents financial condition and results of operations. The Company continually evaluates its deferred tax assets to determine if a valuation allowance is required or no longer needed.
A one percent increase in the estimate of the number of claims or the magnitude of claims would increase the product liability reserve and reduce operating profit by approximately $0.1 million to $0.6 million.
A one percent increase in the estimate of the number of claims or the magnitude of claims would increase the product liability reserve and reduce operating profit by approximately $0.1 million to $0.8 million.
The approximate book value of assets held as collateral under the Facility was $1.1 billion as of December 31, 2022. The Facility includes restrictive covenants, which, among other things, limit additional borrowings and investments of the Company subject to certain thresholds, as provided in the Facility.
The approximate book value of assets held as collateral under the Facility was $1.2 billion as of December 31, 2023. The Facility includes restrictive covenants, which, among other things, limit additional borrowings and investments of the Company subject to certain thresholds, as provided in the Facility.
The obligations under the Term Loan are generally secured by a first priority lien on the present and future shares of capital stock, material real property, fixtures and general intangibles consisting of intellectual property and a second priority lien on working capital assets of the borrowers of the Facility, which includes, but is not limited to cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and inventory.
The obligations under the Term Loan are generally secured by a first priority lien on the present and future shares of capital stock, U.S. material real property, fixtures and general intangibles consisting of intellectual property and a second priority lien on U.S. working capital assets of the borrowers and guarantors of the Term Loan, which includes, but is not limited to cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and inventory.
In this context, Bolzoni continues to concentrate on driving its "One Company - 3 Brands" approach and increasing its Americas business, while focusing on strengthening its ability to serve key attachment industries and customers in all global markets.
In this context, Bolzoni continues to concentrate on driving its "One Company - 3 Brands" approach globally, increasing its Americas business and focusing on strengthening its ability to serve key attachment industries and customers in global markets.
Bolzoni is a leading worldwide producer and distributor of attachments, forks and lift tables marketed under the Bolzoni ® , Auramo ® and Meyer ® brand names. Bolzoni also produces components for lift truck manufacturers. Bolzoni products are manufactured in the United States, Italy, China, Germany and Finland.
The Company operates Bolzoni S.p.A. ("Bolzoni"). Bolzoni is a leading worldwide producer and distributor of attachments, forks and lift tables marketed under the Bolzoni ® , Auramo ® and Meyer ® brand names. Bolzoni also produces components for lift truck manufacturers. Bolzoni products are manufactured in the United States, Italy, China, Germany and Finland.
The approximate book value of assets held as collateral under the Term Loan was $750 million as of December 31, 2022. In addition, the Term Loan includes restrictive covenants, which, among other things, limit additional borrowings and investments of the Company subject to certain thresholds, as provided in the Term Loan.
The approximate book value of assets held as collateral under the Term Loan was $780 million as of December 31, 2023. In addition, the Term Loan includes restrictive covenants, which, among other things, limit additional borrowings and investments of the Company subject to certain thresholds, as provided in the Term Loan.
If the estimate of the cost to correct product failures were to increase by one percent over 2022 levels, the product warranties reserves would increase and reduce operating profit by approximately $3.1 million.
If the estimate of the cost to correct product failures were to increase by one percent over 2023 levels, the product warranties reserves would increase and reduce operating profit by approximately $3.2 million.
Competition in the materials handling industry is intense and is based primarily on strength and quality of distribution, brand loyalty, customer service, new lift truck sales prices, availability of products and aftermarket parts, comprehensive product line offerings, product performance, product quality and features and the cost of ownership over the life of the lift truck.
Competition in the lift truck industry is based primarily on strength and quality of dealers, brand loyalty, customer service, new lift truck sales prices, availability of products and aftermarket parts, comprehensive product line offerings, product performance, quality and innovation, including features, and the cost of ownership over the life of the lift truck.
Among the factors that could cause plans, actions and results to differ materially from current expectations are, without limitation: (1) delays in delivery and other supply chain disruptions, or increases in costs as a result of inflation or otherwise, including materials and transportation costs and shortages, the imposition of tariffs, or the renewal of tariff exclusions, on raw materials or sourced products, and labor, or changes in or unavailability of quality suppliers or transporters, including the impacts of the foregoing risks on the Company's liquidity, (2) delays in manufacturing and delivery schedules, (3) customer acceptance of pricing, (4) any preventive or protective actions taken by governmental authorities related to the COVID-19 pandemic, and any unfavorable effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on either the Company's or its suppliers plants' capabilities to produce and ship products, (5) unfavorable effects of geopolitical and legislative developments on global operations, including without limitation the entry into new trade agreements and the imposition of tariffs and/or economic sanctions, as well as armed conflicts, including the Russia/Ukraine conflict, and their regional effects, (6) the ability of the Company and its dealers, suppliers and end-users to access credit in the current economic environment, or obtain financing at reasonable rates, or at all, as a result of interest rate volatility and current economic and market conditions, including inflation, (7) reduction in demand for lift trucks, attachments and related aftermarket parts and service on a global basis, including any reduction in demand as a result of an economic recession, (8) exchange rate fluctuations, interest rate volatility and monetary policies and other changes in the regulatory climate in the countries in which the Company operates and/or sells products, (9) the effectiveness of the cost reduction programs implemented globally, including the successful implementation of procurement and sourcing initiatives, (10) the successful commercialization of Nuvera's technology, (11) impairment charges, (12) the political and economic uncertainties in the countries where the Company does business, as well as the effects of any withdrawals from such countries, (13) bankruptcy of or loss of major dealers, retail customers or suppliers, (14) customer acceptance of, changes in the costs of, or delays in the development of new products, (15) introduction of new products by, more favorable product pricing offered by or shorter lead times available through competitors, (16) product liability or other litigation, warranty claims or returns of products, (17) changes mandated by federal, state and other regulation, including tax, health, safety or environmental legislation, and (18) the ability to attract, retain, and replace workforce and administrative employees.
Among the factors that could cause plans, actions and results to differ materially from current expectations are, without limitation: (1) delays in delivery and other supply chain disruptions, or increases in costs as a result of inflation or otherwise, including materials, critical components and transportation costs and shortages, the imposition of tariffs, or the renewal of tariff exclusions, on raw materials or sourced products, and labor, or changes in or unavailability of quality suppliers or transporters, including the impacts of the foregoing risks on the Company's liquidity, (2) delays in manufacturing and delivery schedules, (3) customer acceptance of pricing, (4) the ability of the Company and its dealers, suppliers and end-users to access credit in the current economic environment, or obtain financing at reasonable rates, or at all, as a result of interest rate volatility and current economic and market conditions, including inflation, (5) reduction in demand for lift trucks, attachments and related aftermarket parts and service on a global basis, including any cyclical reduction in demand in the lift truck industry, (6) unfavorable effects of geopolitical and legislative developments on global operations, including without limitation the entry into new trade agreements and the imposition of tariffs and/or economic sanctions, including the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act (the “UFLPA”) which could impact the Company's imports from China, as well as armed conflicts, including the Russia/Ukraine conflict, the Israel and Gaza conflict and/or the conflict in the Red Sea, and their regional effects, (7) exchange rate fluctuations, interest rate volatility and monetary policies and other changes in the regulatory climate in the countries in which the Company operates and/or sells products, (8) the effectiveness of the cost reduction programs implemented globally, including the successful implementation of procurement and sourcing initiatives, (9) the successful commercialization of Nuvera's technology, (10) the political and economic uncertainties in the countries where the Company does business, as well as the effects of any withdrawals from such countries, (11) bankruptcy of or loss of major dealers, retail customers or suppliers, (12) customer acceptance of, changes in the costs of, or delays in the development of new products, (13) introduction of new products by, more favorable product pricing offered by or shorter lead times available through competitors, (14) product liability or other litigation, warranty claims or returns of products, (15) changes mandated by federal, state and other regulation, including tax, health, safety or environmental legislation, (16) the ability to attract, retain, and replace workforce and administrative employees, (17) disruptions resulting from natural disasters, public health crises, political crises or other catastrophic events, and (18) the ability to protect the Company’s information technology infrastructure against service interruptions, data corruption, cyber-based attacks or network breaches.
("HYG"), is a leading, globally integrated, full-line lift truck manufacturer. The Company offers a broad array of solutions aimed at meeting the specific materials handling needs of its customers, including attachments and hydrogen fuel cell power products, telematics, automation and fleet management services, as well as a variety of other power options for its lift trucks.
("HYG"), is a globally integrated company offering a full line of high-quality, application-tailored lift trucks and solutions aimed at meeting the specific materials handling needs of its customers. The Company's solutions include attachments and hydrogen fuel cell power products, telematics, automation and fleet management services, as well as a variety of other power options for its lift trucks.
Bolzoni also intends to increase its sales, marketing and product support capabilities in North America and Europe to support its industry-specific sales strategy. Operational and Strategic Perspectives - Nuvera Nuvera's core strategy is to be a leader in the fuel cell business.
As part of this approach, Bolzoni also intends to increase its sales, marketing and product capabilities especially in North America to support its industry-specific sales strategy. Operational and Strategic Perspectives - Nuvera Nuvera's core strategy is to be a leader in the heavy-duty fuel cell market.
Key terms of the Facility as of December 31, 2022 were as follows: FACILITY U.S. borrowing capacity $ 210.0 Non-U.S. borrowing capacity 90.0 Outstanding 134.6 Availability restrictions 7.7 Availability $ 157.7 Applicable margins, as defined in agreement U.S. base rate loans 0.25%-0.75% LIBOR, EURIBOR and foreign base rate loans 1.25%-1.75% Applicable margins, for amounts outstanding U.S. base rate and LIBOR loans 0.50%; 1.50% Non-U.S. base rate and LIBOR loans 1.50 % Applicable interest rate, for amounts outstanding U.S. base rate 8.00 % LIBOR 5.69 % EURIBOR 3.88 % Facility fee, per annum on unused commitment 0.25 % The Term Loan requires quarterly principal payments on the last day of each March, June, September and December commencing September 30, 2021 in an amount equal to $562,500 and the final principal repayment is due in May 2028.
Key terms of the Facility as of December 31, 2023 were as follows: FACILITY U.S. borrowing capacity $ 230.8 Non-U.S. borrowing capacity 90.0 Outstanding 78.1 Availability restrictions 6.7 Availability $ 236.0 22 Table of Contents FILO LOANS LOANS OTHER THAN FILO LOANS Applicable margins, as defined in agreement U.S. base rate loans 2.25% 0.25% to 0.75% SOFR, EURIBOR and non-U.S. base rate loans 3.25% 1.25% to 1.75% SOFR adjustment, as defined in agreement 0.10% 0.10% Applicable margins, for amounts outstanding U.S. base rate loans — 0.50% SOFR loans 3.25% 1.50% Non-U.S. base rate loans — 1.50% Applicable interest rate, for amounts outstanding U.S. base rate — 9.00% SOFR 8.69 % 6.95% Facility fee, per annum on unused commitment — 0.25% The Term Loan requires quarterly principal payments on the last day of each March, June, September and December, which commenced September 30, 2021, in an amount equal to $562,500 and the final principal repayment is due in May 2028.
YEAR ENDED NINE MONTHS ENDED YEAR ENDED December 31, 2022 September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Unit backlog, beginning of period 105.3 105.3 40.6 Unit shipments (100.8) (73.7) (94.9) Unit bookings 97.6 76.6 159.6 Unit backlog, end of period 102.1 108.2 105.3 The following is the detail of the approximate sales value of the Company's lift truck unit bookings and backlog, reflected in millions of dollars.
YEAR ENDED NINE MONTHS ENDED YEAR ENDED December 31, 2023 September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Unit backlog, beginning of period 102.1 102.1 105.3 Unit shipments (102.2) (78.6) (100.8) Unit bookings 78.5 61.8 97.6 Unit backlog, end of period 78.4 85.3 102.1 The following is the detail of the approximate sales value of the Company's lift truck unit bookings and backlog, reflected in millions of dollars.
Capital Expenditures The following table summarizes actual and planned capital expenditures: Planned 2023 Actual 2022 Actual 2021 Lift truck business $ 52.4 $ 20.3 $ 30.6 Bolzoni 8.9 5.5 10.4 Nuvera 3.9 3.0 3.3 $ 65.2 $ 28.8 $ 44.3 Planned expenditures in 2023 are primarily for product development, improvements to information technology infrastructure and improvements at manufacturing locations and manufacturing equipment.
Capital Expenditures The following table summarizes actual and planned capital expenditures: Planned 2024 Actual 2023 Actual 2022 Lift truck business $ 75.0 $ 26.8 $ 20.3 Bolzoni 9.1 5.1 5.5 Nuvera 2.9 3.5 3.0 $ 87.0 $ 35.4 $ 28.8 24 Table of Contents Planned expenditures in 2024 are primarily for improvements at manufacturing locations and manufacturing equipment, product development and improvements to information technology infrastructure.
The following table identifies the components of change in operating profit (loss) for 2022 compared with 2021: Operating Profit (Loss) Lift truck Total Americas EMEA JAPIC 2021 $ (152.3) $ (19.7) $ 0.3 $ (67.5) Increase (decrease) in 2022 from: Goodwill impairment charge 55.6 — — 55.6 (96.7) (19.7) 0.3 (11.9) Lift truck gross profit and eliminations 41.8 81.6 (41.9) 1.4 Lift truck selling, general and administrative expenses (20.2) (15.1) (5.0) (0.1) Nuvera operations 28.0 — — — Bolzoni operations 8.0 — — — 2022 $ (39.1) $ 46.8 $ (46.6) $ (10.6) The Company recognized an operating loss of $39.1 million in 2022 compared with $152.3 million in 2021.
The following table identifies the components of change in operating profit (loss) for 2023 compared with 2022: Operating Profit (Loss) Lift truck Total Americas EMEA JAPIC 2022 $ (39.1) $ 46.8 $ (46.6) $ (10.6) Increase (decrease) in 2023 from: Lift truck gross profit and eliminations 341.2 261.5 76.0 2.9 Lift truck selling, general and administrative expenses (100.4) (75.2) (17.3) (7.9) Bolzoni operations 9.1 — — — Nuvera operations (2.1) — — — 2023 $ 208.7 $ 233.1 $ 12.1 $ (15.6) The Company recognized an operating profit of $208.7 million in 2023 compared with an operating loss of $39.1 million in 2022.
At December 31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with the covenants in the Term Loan. 22 Table of Contents Key terms of the Term Loan as of December 31, 2022 were as follows: TERM LOAN Outstanding $ 221.6 Discounts and unamortized deferred financing fees 4.1 Net amount outstanding $ 217.5 Applicable margins, as defined in agreement U.S. base rate loans 2.50 % Eurodollar 3.50 % Eurodollar floor 0.50 % Applicable interest rate, for amounts outstanding 7.88 % The Company incurred fees of $7.6 million in 2021.
Key terms of the Term Loan as of December 31, 2023 were as follows: TERM LOAN Outstanding $ 219.4 Discounts and unamortized deferred financing fees 3.3 Net amount outstanding $ 216.1 Applicable margins, as defined in agreement U.S. base rate loans 2.50% SOFR 3.50% SOFR adjustment, as defined in the agreement 0.11% SOFR floor 0.50% Applicable interest rate, for amounts outstanding 8.97% The Company incurred fees of $0.8 million and $7.6 million in 2023 and 2021, respectively.
See Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in the Company's 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K for discussion of financial condition and results of operations for 2021 compared with 2020. 14 Table of Contents Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates The discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are based upon the Company's consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates The discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are based upon the Company's consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES Cash Flows The following tables detail the change in cash flow for the years ended December 31: 2022 2021 Change Operating activities: Net income (loss) $ (71.6) $ (183.2) $ 111.6 Depreciation and amortization 43.4 46.2 (2.8) Dividends from unconsolidated affiliates 15.6 5.5 10.1 Impairment charges — 65.6 (65.6) Working capital changes: Accounts receivable (89.5) (54.6) (34.9) Inventories (39.1) (289.7) 250.6 Accounts payable and other liabilities 173.6 176.0 (2.4) Other current assets (5.4) (12.5) 7.1 Other operating activities 13.6 (6.8) 20.4 Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities 40.6 (253.5) 294.1 Investing activities: Expenditures for property, plant and equipment (28.8) (44.3) 15.5 Proceeds from the sale of assets and investments 1.8 19.8 (18.0) Purchase of noncontrolling interest (8.4) — (8.4) Net cash used for investing activities (35.4) (24.5) (10.9) Cash flow before financing activities $ 5.2 $ (278.0) $ 283.2 The change in net cash provided by (used for) operating activities of $294.1 million in 2022 compared with 2021 was primarily a result of changes in working capital items and net income (loss), partially offset by the absence of non-cash charges of $55.6 million and $10.0 million for goodwill and long-lived asset impairments, respectively, recorded in 2021.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES Cash Flows The following tables detail the change in cash flow for the years ended December 31: 2023 2022 Change Operating activities: Net income (loss) $ 128.1 $ (71.6) $ 199.7 Depreciation and amortization 45.1 43.4 1.7 Dividends from unconsolidated affiliates 10.5 15.6 (5.1) Stock-based compensation 29.3 6.4 22.9 Working capital changes: Accounts receivable 26.8 (89.5) 116.3 Inventories (4.3) (39.1) 34.8 Accounts payable and other liabilities (112.5) 173.6 (286.1) Other current assets (8.4) (5.4) (3.0) Other operating activities 36.1 7.2 28.9 Net cash provided by operating activities 150.7 40.6 110.1 Investing activities: Expenditures for property, plant and equipment (35.4) (28.8) (6.6) Proceeds from the sale of assets, businesses and investments 4.1 1.8 2.3 Purchase of noncontrolling interest (3.2) (8.4) 5.2 Net cash used for investing activities (34.5) (35.4) 0.9 Cash flow before financing activities $ 116.2 $ 5.2 $ 111.0 The change in net cash provided by operating activities of $110.1 million in 2023 compared with 2022 was primarily a result of the improved net income (loss) partially offset by changes in working capital items.
Contractual Obligations, Contingent Liabilities and Commitments Following is a table summarizing the contractual obligations as of December 31, 2022: Payments Due by Period Contractual Obligations Total 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 Thereafter Term Loan $ 221.6 $ 2.3 $ 2.3 $ 2.2 $ 2.2 $ 2.2 $ 210.4 Variable interest payments on Term Loan 92.6 18.4 18.3 17.8 17.7 17.5 2.9 Revolving credit agreements 137.1 137.1 — — — — — Variable interest payments on revolving credit agreements 10.1 10.1 — — — — — Other debt 168.7 134.5 16.9 10.9 6.4 — — Variable interest payments on other debt 14.6 8.0 3.0 2.0 1.6 — — Finance lease obligations including principal and interest 30.0 13.4 10.2 4.9 0.8 0.7 — Operating leases 70.4 16.2 12.3 8.9 7.0 6.1 19.9 Tax Reform Act transition tax liability 10.5 2.6 3.5 4.4 — — — Purchase and other obligations 814.6 810.4 — 1.5 2.7 — — Total contractual cash obligations $ 1,570.2 $ 1,153.0 $ 66.5 $ 52.6 $ 38.4 $ 26.5 $ 233.2 The principal sources of financing for these contractual obligations are expected to be internally generated funds and bank financing.
Contractual Obligations, Contingent Liabilities and Commitments Following is a table summarizing the Company's material cash requirements from contractual obligations as of December 31, 2023: Payments Due by Period Contractual Obligations Total 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 Thereafter Term Loan $ 219.4 $ 2.3 $ 2.3 $ 2.2 $ 2.2 $ 210.4 $ — Variable interest payments on Term Loan 81.9 20.0 18.6 18.4 17.7 7.2 — Revolving credit agreements 83.3 83.3 — — — — — Variable interest payments on revolving credit agreements 12.7 12.7 — — — — — Other debt 167.3 154.2 9.9 2.5 0.7 — — Variable interest payments on other debt 6.9 6.1 0.7 0.1 — — — Finance lease obligations including principal and interest 27.6 14.8 8.8 2.9 0.9 0.2 — Operating leases 93.6 19.7 15.4 13.6 12.3 9.1 23.5 Purchase and other obligations 796.0 786.1 2.3 3.9 3.7 — — The principal sources of financing for these material contractual obligations are expected to be internally generated funds and bank financing.
The Company believes funds available from cash on hand, the Facility, other available lines of credit and operating cash flows will provide sufficient liquidity to meet its operating needs and commitments during the next twelve months and until the expiration of the Facility in June 2026.
In addition to the excess availability under the Facility of $236.0 million, the Company had remaining availability of $33.7 million related to other non-U.S. revolving credit agreements. 23 Table of Contents The Company believes funds available from cash on hand, the Facility, other available lines of credit and operating cash flows will provide sufficient liquidity to meet its operating needs and commitments during the next twelve months and until the expiration of the Facility in June 2026.
YEAR ENDED NINE MONTHS ENDED YEAR ENDED December 31, 2022 September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Bookings, approximate sales value $ 3,080 $ 2,390 $ 3,820 Backlog, approximate sales value $ 3,730 $ 3,700 $ 2,880 2022 Compared with 2021 The following table identifies the components of change in revenues for 2022 compared with 2021: Revenues Lift truck Total Americas EMEA JAPIC 2021 $ 3,075.7 $ 1,984.6 $ 678.9 $ 233.9 Increase (decrease) in 2022 from: Unit price 300.3 234.0 56.4 9.9 Unit volume and product mix 132.5 70.4 51.6 10.5 Parts 74.7 66.2 9.0 (0.5) Other 51.4 45.7 1.5 4.2 Foreign currency (96.7) 4.5 (93.2) (8.0) Eliminations (0.2) — — — Bolzoni revenues 7.9 — — — Nuvera revenues 2.7 — — — 2022 $ 3,548.3 $ 2,405.4 $ 704.2 $ 250.0 19 Table of Contents Revenues increased 15.4% to $3,548.3 in 2022 from $3,075.7 million in 2021.
YEAR ENDED NINE MONTHS ENDED YEAR ENDED December 31, 2023 September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Bookings, approximate sales value $ 2,430 $ 1,950 $ 3,080 Backlog, approximate sales value $ 3,330 $ 3,540 $ 3,730 19 Table of Contents 2023 Compared with 2022 The following table identifies the components of change in revenues for 2023 compared with 2022: Revenues Lift truck Total Americas EMEA JAPIC 2022 $ 3,548.3 $ 2,405.4 $ 704.2 $ 250.0 Increase (decrease) in 2023 from: Unit price 270.6 163.8 102.8 4.0 Unit volume and product mix 188.9 244.8 (8.4) (47.5) Parts 84.9 80.0 5.1 (0.2) Bolzoni revenues 19.6 — — — Foreign currency 16.3 2.7 18.2 (4.6) Nuvera revenues 0.9 — — — Other 0.6 2.6 (1.4) (0.6) Eliminations (11.8) — — — 2023 $ 4,118.3 $ 2,899.3 $ 820.5 $ 201.1 Revenues increased 16.1% to $4,118.3 million in 2023 from $3,548.3 million in 2022 mainly from improvements at the Lift Truck business.
At December 31, 2022, the Company had gross deferred tax assets of $139.2 million which were reduced by valuation allowances of $121.7 million and gross deferred tax liabilities of $28.3 million.
At December 31, 2023, the Company had gross deferred tax assets of $145.9 million which were reduced by valuation allowances of $126.6 million and gross deferred tax liabilities of $29.0 million.
The Company provides for the estimated cost of personal and property damage relating to its products based on a review of historical experience and consideration of any known trends.
The Company provides for the estimated cost of personal and property damage relating to its products based on a review of historical experience and consideration of any known trends. Reserves are recorded for estimates of the costs for known claims and estimates of the costs of incidents that have occurred but for which a claim has not yet been reported.
Capital Structure December 31 2022 2021 Change Cash and cash equivalents $ 59.0 $ 65.5 $ (6.5) Other net tangible assets 625.0 728.7 (103.7) Intangible assets 42.7 50.7 (8.0) Goodwill 51.3 56.5 (5.2) Net assets 778.0 901.4 (123.4) Total debt (552.9) (518.5) (34.4) Total temporary and permanent equity $ 225.1 $ 382.9 $ (157.8) Debt to total capitalization 71 % 58 % 13 % RELATED-PARTY TRANSACTIONS See Note 18 to the consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of related party transactions. 24 Table of Contents PERSPECTIVE AND OUTLOOK Market Commentary The global economic outlook remains constrained and economic activity appears to be decelerating in many parts of the world.
Capital Structure December 31 2023 2022 Change Cash and cash equivalents $ 78.8 $ 59.0 $ 19.8 Other net tangible assets 729.4 625.0 104.4 Intangible assets 39.3 42.7 (3.4) Goodwill 53.3 51.3 2.0 Net assets 900.8 778.0 122.8 Total debt (494.0) (552.9) 58.9 Total temporary and permanent equity $ 406.8 $ 225.1 $ 181.7 Debt to total capitalization 55 % 71 % (16) % RELATED-PARTY TRANSACTIONS See Note 18 to the consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of related-party transactions.
These assumptions, however, are highly sensitive to the effect of various market forces, particularly those that impact global supply chains. 25 Table of Contents Strategic Perspectives - Lift Truck From a broader perspective, the Lift Truck Business has three core strategies that are expected to transform the Company’s competitiveness, market position and economic performance over time: • To provide the lowest cost of ownership while enhancing customer productivity.
Strategic Perspectives - Lift Truck From a broad perspective, the Lift Truck business has three core strategies that are expected to transform the Company's competitiveness, market position and economic performance over time. The first core strategy is to provide products that improve customer productivity at the lowest cost of ownership.
The increase was primarily due to improved pricing, higher unit and parts volume, a shift in sales to higher-priced lift trucks and favorable aftermarket sales in the Lift Truck business, partially offset by unfavorable currency movements from the translation of sales into U.S. dollars.
The increase at Lift Truck was primarily due to improved pricing, higher unit and parts volume in the Americas and a shift in sales to higher-priced lift trucks in the Americas and EMEA. The improvement in Lift Truck revenue was partially offset by a decline in unit shipments in JAPIC and EMEA.
The change in net cash used for investing activities during 2022 compared with 2021 is due to the absence of the proceeds from the sale of preferred shares of OneH2 in 2021 and the current year's installment purchase of Hyster-Yale Maximal's noncontrolling interest in 2022, partially offset by lower capital expenditures in 2022. 2022 2021 Change Financing Activities: Net increase in long-term debt and revolving credit agreements $ 11.1 $ 223.0 $ (211.9) Cash dividends paid (21.8) (21.6) (0.2) Other (0.2) (0.2) — Financing fees paid — (7.6) 7.6 Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities $ (10.9) $ 193.6 $ (204.5) The change in net cash provided by (used for) financing activities in 2022 compared with 2021 was primarily due to a smaller increase in borrowings during 2022 versus 2021, partially offset by the absence of financing fees paid in 2021. 21 Table of Contents Financing Activities The Company has a $300.0 million secured, floating-rate revolving credit facility (the "Facility") that expires in June 2026 and a $225.0 million term loan (the "Term Loan"), which matures in May 2028.
The change in net cash used for investing activities during 2023 compared with 2022 is mainly due to higher capital expenditures in 2023, partially offset by the purchase of Bolzoni's noncontrolling interest in 2023 compared with the first installment purchase of the noncontrolling interest of Hyster-Yale Maximal in 2022. 2023 2022 Change Financing Activities: Net increase (decrease) in long-term debt and revolving credit agreements $ (76.0) $ 11.1 $ (87.1) Cash dividends paid (23.6) (21.8) (1.8) Other (0.9) (0.2) (0.7) Net cash used for financing activities $ (100.5) $ (10.9) $ (89.6) 21 Table of Contents The change in net cash used for financing activities was primarily due to debt repayments during 2023 compared with additional borrowings in 2022.
Nuvera continues to focus on placing 45kW and 60kW fuel cell engines in niche, heavy-duty vehicle applications with expected significant fuel cell adoption potential.
Nuvera continues to focus on placing 45kW and 60kW fuel cell production engines for demonstration in a limited number of niche, heavy-duty vehicle applications with expected significant fuel cell adoption potential where batteries alone cannot meet the market’s need. As a result, these applications are expected to have nearer-term fuel cell adoption potential.
As of December 31, 2022, the Company owned a 90% majority interest in Hyster-Yale Maximal Forklift (Zhejiang) Co., Ltd. ("Hyster-Yale Maximal"), a Chinese manufacturer of low-intensity and standard lift trucks and specialized material handling equipment. Hyster-Yale Maximal also designs and produces specialized products in the port equipment and rough terrain forklift markets.
("Hyster-Yale Maximal"), a Chinese manufacturer of low-intensity and standard lift trucks and specialized material handling equipment. Hyster-Yale Maximal also designs and produces specialized products in the port equipment and rough terrain forklift markets. Lift trucks and component parts are manufactured in the United States, Northern Ireland, China, Mexico, the Netherlands, Brazil, the Philippines, Italy, Japan and Vietnam.
Unit backlog as of December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, excludes 2,600 suspended orders, for which the Company has no plans to fulfill. As of December 31, 2022, substantially all of the Company's backlog is expected to be sold within the next twelve months.
As of December 31, 2023, substantially all of the Company's backlog is expected to be sold within the next twelve months.
The Company recognized a net loss attributable to stockholders of $74.1 million in 2022 compared with $173.0 million in 2021. The improvement was primarily the result of higher operating profit and the absence of a valuation allowance of $58.6 million provided against deferred tax assets in 2021.
The Company recognized net income attributable to stockholders of $125.9 million in 2023 compared with a net loss attributable to stockholders of $74.1 million in 2022. The improvement was primarily the result of the factors affecting operating profit (loss), partially offset by higher income taxes and interest expense.
The materials handling business historically has been cyclical because the order rate for lift trucks fluctuates depending on the economic activity level in the various industries and countries its customers serve. Lift trucks and component parts are manufactured in the United States, China, Northern Ireland, Mexico, the Netherlands, Brazil, the Philippines, Italy, Japan and Vietnam.
The materials handling business historically has been cyclical because the order rate for lift trucks fluctuates depending on the economic activity level in the various industries and countries its customers serve. The Company owns a 90% majority interest in Hyster-Yale Maximal Forklift (Zhejiang) Co., Ltd.
Factors which could result in future impairment charges include, but are not limited to, changes in worldwide economic conditions, changes in competitive conditions and customer preferences. These risk factors are discussed in Item 1A, "Risk Factors," of this Form 10-K. In addition, changes in the weighted average cost of capital could also impact impairment testing results.
These risk factors are discussed in Item 1A, "Risk Factors," of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In addition, changes in the weighted average cost of capital could also impact impairment testing results. The Company will continue to monitor its reporting units and asset groups for any indicators of impairment.
As of December 31, 2022, Bolzoni had $48.6 million of goodwill. Based on the most recent interim impairment test, Bolzoni's fair value of equity exceeded the carrying value by $79.9 million or approximately 47%.
As of December 31, 2023, Bolzoni had $50.6 million of goodwill. Based on the most recent interim impairment test, Bolzoni's fair value of equity exceeded the carrying value by approximately $50 million or 30%. Factors which could result in future impairment charges include, but are not limited to, changes in worldwide economic conditions, changes in competitive conditions and customer preferences.
The dollar value of bookings and backlog is calculated using the current unit bookings and backlog and the forecasted average sales price per unit. Sales value of the Company's backlog as of December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022, excludes the sales value of 2,600 suspended orders, for which the Company has no plans to fulfill.
The dollar value of bookings and backlog is calculated using the current unit bookings and backlog and the forecasted average sales price per unit.
Bolzoni recognized operating profit of $6.2 million in 2022 compared with an operating loss of $1.8 million in 2021 primarily due to higher gross profit from improved pricing and a shift in mix to higher-margin products, partially offset by material cost inflation and unfavorable foreign currency exchange rates.
EMEA's operating profit improved mainly due to improved gross profit from improved pricing of $102.8 million, partially offset by lower volumes and manufacturing inefficiencies. 20 Table of Contents JAPIC's operating loss increased to $15.6 million in 2023 from $10.6 million in 2022, primarily due to higher selling, general and administrative expenses, partially offset by higher gross profit from a shift in mix to higher-margin products and material cost deflation.
The Company expects to contribute approximately $1.4 million to its non-U.S. pension plans in 2023. In addition, the Company has recourse and repurchase obligations with a maximum undiscounted potential liability of $133.2 million at December 31, 2022.
The purchase and other obligations are primarily for accounts payable, open purchase orders and accrued payroll and incentive compensation. In addition, the Company has recourse and repurchase obligations with a maximum undiscounted potential liability of $162.4 million at December 31, 2023.
The increase in gross profit in 2022 compared to 2021 was primarily due to favorable pricing of $300.5 million and improved unit and parts volume in the lift truck business.
The increase in Lift Truck operating profit was primarily due to improved gross profit from higher pricing of $270.6 million, mainly in the Americas and EMEA, a shift in sales to higher margin lift trucks, lower material costs net of manufacturing inefficiencies, primarily in the Americas, and higher unit and parts sales compared with 2022.
See Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of the retirement benefit plans.
The Term Loan was also amended in the second quarter of 2023 for the purpose of changing the benchmark interest rate for borrowings under the Term Loan from LIBOR to Term SOFR, each as defined in the Term Loan. See Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion.
The changes in working capital were mainly due to a smaller increase in inventory in 2022 compared 2021.
The changes in working capital were mainly due to a decrease in accounts payable in 2023 compared to 2022 and lower customer deposits for down payments on orders.
JAPIC (10.6) (67.5) 84.3 % Lift truck business (10.4) (86.9) 88.0 % Bolzoni 6.2 (1.8) 444.4 % Nuvera (34.3) (62.3) 44.9 % Eliminations (0.6) (1.3) n.m. $ (39.1) $ (152.3) 74.3 % 18 Table of Contents Favorable / (Unfavorable) % Change 2022 2021 2022 vs. 2021 Interest expense 28.4 15.5 (83.2) % Other income (5.1) (12.9) (60.5) % Income (loss) before income taxes (62.4) (154.9) 59.7 % Net income (loss) attributable to stockholders $ (74.1) $ (173.0) 57.2 % Diluted earnings (loss) per share $ (4.38) $ (10.29) 57.4 % Reported income tax rate (14.7) % (18.3) % n.m. - not meaningful Following is the detail of the Company's unit shipments, bookings and backlog of unfilled orders placed with its manufacturing and assembly operations for new lift trucks, reflected in thousands of units.
Reported income tax rate 29.2 % (14.7) % n.m. - not meaningful Following is the detail of the Company's unit shipments, bookings and backlog of unfilled orders placed with its manufacturing and assembly operations for new lift trucks, reflected in thousands of units.
The Company had other debt outstanding, excluding finance leases, of approximately $171.2 million at December 31, 2022. In addition to the excess availability under the Facility of $157.7 million, the Company had remaining availability of $25.2 million related to other non-U.S. revolving credit agreements.
The Company had other debt outstanding, excluding finance leases, of approximately $172.5 million at December 31, 2023.
This is expected to be achieved by further expanding a wide variety of vehicle innovations including: new modular and scalable product families, truck electrification projects and technology advancements in product automation, power options, telemetry and operator assist systems; • Be the leader in the delivery of industry- and customer-focused solutions, by transforming the Company's sales approach to meet a wide variety of customer needs across a broad set of end markets; and • Be the leader in independent distribution, by focusing on effectively coordinating dealer and major accounts coverage, dealer excellence and ensuring outstanding dealer ownership globally.
The Lift Truck business' capabilities in this area are expected to be enhanced by bringing to market a wide variety of vehicle innovations, including new modular and scalable product families, truck electrification projects and technology advancements in operator assist systems (OAS), power options and vehicle automation. The Company continues to make progress on its high priority projects.
Nuvera announced several projects in 2022 with various third parties to test Nuvera ® engines in heavy-duty applications, including the Port of Los Angeles, which began testing in late 2022, and in multiple European ports which are expected to begin testing in 2023. Nuvera is also developing a new 125kW fuel cell engine for heavier-duty applications.
Nuvera has announced several projects with various third parties to test Nuvera ® engines in targeted applications, including the Port of Los Angeles and the Port of Valencia, and most recently with Helinor Energy for zero-emission energy solutions for maritime applications.
Operational and Strategic Perspectives - Bolzoni Over the course of 2023, Bolzoni expects component shortages to continue moderating, while further increasing prices to offset higher input costs. Combined, these are expected to result in increased margins over time and higher 2023 full-year operating profit compared with 2022. Bolzoni's core strategy is to be the leader in the Attachments business.
Operating profit is expected to increase year-over-year as higher product margins and anticipated manufacturing efficiency improvements are projected to more than offset higher material and operating costs. Bolzoni's core strategy is to be the leader in the attachments business.
The increase in gross profit was partially offset as result of material and freight cost inflation and higher manufacturing costs resulting from inefficiencies associated with component shortages of $189.9 million and unfavorable foreign currency movements, including derivative contracts, of $23.4 million. Higher selling, general and administrative expenses primarily due to increase employee-related costs partially offset the improvement in gross profit.
Bolzoni's operating profit increased to $15.3 million in 2023 compared with $6.2 million in 2022, primarily due to higher gross profit from improved pricing, lower manufacturing costs and higher volumes. The increase was partially offset by a shift to lower margin products and higher selling, general and administrative expenses, mainly related to higher employee costs, including incentive compensation.
These anticipated bookings' decreases, combined with planned production increases, should help the Company reduce its backlog, which has begun trending down, to more competitive levels over the course of 2023.
These technology solutions had strong 2023 growth rates, and the Company expects to build on that momentum in 2024. Planned production rate increases combined with 25 Table of Contents anticipated market decreases in the first half of 2024 should help the Company reduce its extended lead times and backlog closer to pre-pandemic levels over 2024.
In 2023, the Company expects a positive price-to-current cost ratio, in part to address ongoing cost increases in certain areas. The Company will continue to monitor material and labor costs closely, as well as the impact of tariffs, and adjust pricing accordingly.
The Company is working to reduce the earnings impact from externally driven factors through increased manufacturing productivity and expense control. The Company will continue to monitor labor and material costs closely, as well as the impacts from tariffs and competition, and will adjust forward pricing accordingly.