Biggest changeSelling, General and Administrative Expenses 2022 2021 Year over year change (In thousands) (In thousands) (Percentage) Selling, general and administrative expenses $ 2,757,447 $ 2,225,034 $ 532,413 23.9 % Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of net revenue 34.0 % 35.6 % (160) basis points The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily due to: • an increase in head office costs of $283.7 million, comprised of: – an increase in costs of $142.2 million primarily due to increased depreciation of $43.5 million and increased technology costs, including cloud computing amortization, of $35.7 million, as well as increased brand and community costs and professional fees; and – an increase in employee costs of $141.5 million primarily due to an increase in salaries and wages expense of $76.5 million and incentive compensation of $34.8 million, as well as increased stock-based compensation expense and travel costs, primarily as a result of headcount growth and increased wage rates. • an increase in costs related to our operating channels of $249.5 million, comprised of: – an increase in variable costs of $127.6 million primarily due to an increase in distribution costs and credit card fees, primarily as a result of increased net revenue; – an increase in employee costs of $104.2 million primarily due to an increase in salaries and wages expense and incentive compensation in our company-operated store and e-commerce channels, primarily due to growth in our business and increased wage rates; – an increase in other costs of $15.3 million primarily due to an increase in repairs and maintenance costs, depreciation, and technology costs, partially offset by a decrease in professional fees; and – an increase in brand and community costs of $2.4 million primarily due to an increase in digital marketing expenses related to our e-commerce channel, partially offset by a decrease in marketing expenses related to lululemon Studio.
Biggest changeThe increase in costs related to our operating channels was partially offset by a decrease in variable costs of $2.9 million primarily due to decreased distribution costs driven by lower rates, partially offset by increased credit card fees as a result of increased net revenue. • an increase in head office costs of $179.0 million, comprised of: – an increase in brand and community costs of $64.5 million primarily due to increased marketing expenses as well as increased charitable donations; – an increase in advisory and professional fees of $42.9 million; – an increase in technology costs, including cloud computing amortization, of $27.6 million; – an increase in other head office costs of $25.7 million; and – an increase in depreciation of $20.2 million.
Deferred taxes on undistributed net investment of foreign subsidiaries. We have not recognized U.S. state income taxes and foreign withholding taxes on the net investment in our subsidiaries which we have determined to be indefinitely reinvested. This determination is based on the cash flow projections and operational and fiscal objectives of each of our foreign subsidiaries.
We have not recognized U.S. state income taxes and foreign withholding taxes on the net investment in our subsidiaries which we have determined to be indefinitely reinvested. This determination is based on the cash flow projections and operational and fiscal objectives of each of our foreign subsidiaries.
In addition, we may make discretionary capital improvements with respect to our stores, distribution facilities, headquarters, or systems, or we may repurchase shares under an approved stock repurchase program, which we would expect to fund through the use of cash, issuance of debt or equity securities or other external financing sources to the extent we were unable to fund such expenditures out of our cash and cash equivalents and cash generated from operations.
In addition, we may make discretionary capital improvements with respect to our stores, distribution facilities, headquarters, or systems, or we may repurchase shares under an approved stock repurchase program, which we would expect to fund through the use of cash, issuance of 36 Table of Contents debt or equity securities or other external financing sources to the extent we were unable to fund such expenditures out of our cash and cash equivalents and cash generated from operations.
We provide constant dollar changes and adjusted financial results, which are non-GAAP financial measures, as supplemental information that enable evaluation of the underlying trend in our operating performance, and enable a comparison to our historical financial information.
The constant dollar changes and adjusted financial results are non-GAAP financial measures, and we provide them as supplemental information that enable evaluation of the underlying trend in our operating performance, and enable a comparison to our historical financial information.
Components of management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations include: • Overview • Financial Highlights and Market Conditions and Trends • Results o f Operations • Comparison of 2023 to 2022 • Comparison of 2022 to 2021 • Comparable Sales and Sales Per Square Foot • Non-GAAP Financial Measures • Liquidity and Capital Resources • Liquidity Outlook • Contractual Obligations and Commitments • Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates Our fiscal year ends on the Sunday closest to January 31 of the following year, typically resulting in a 52-week year, but occasionally giving rise to an additional week, resulting in a 53-week year.
Components of management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations include: • Overview • Financial Highlights and Market Conditions and Trends • Results of Operations • Comparison of 2024 to 2023 • Comparable Sales and Sales Per Square Foot • Non-GAAP Financial Measures • Liquidity and Capital Resources • Liquidity Outlook • Contractual Obligations and Commitments • Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates Our fiscal year ends on the Sunday closest to January 31 of the following year, typically resulting in a 52-week year, but occasionally giving rise to an additional week, resulting in a 53-week year.
Comparable sales excludes sales from new stores that have not been open for at least 12 full fiscal months, from stores which have not been in their significantly expanded space for at least 12 full fiscal months, from stores which have been temporarily relocated for renovations or temporarily closed, and sales from company- 38 Table of Contents operated stores that have closed.
Comparable sales excludes sales from new stores that have not been open for at least 12 full fiscal months, from stores which have not been in their significantly expanded space for at least 12 full fiscal months, from stores which have been temporarily relocated for renovations or temporarily closed, and sales from company-operated stores that have closed.
We have recognized a deferred tax liability of $41.2 million as of January 28, 2024 which represents the Canadian withholding taxes payable on the portion of our Canadian earnings that are not indefinitely reinvested and cannot be repatriated as a return of capital, and U.S. state income taxes payable upon repatriation of the amounts which are not indefinitely reinvested.
We have recognized a deferred tax liability of $107.0 million as of February 2, 2025 which represents the Canadian withholding taxes payable on the portion of our Canadian earnings that are not indefinitely reinvested and cannot be repatriated as a return of capital, and U.S. state income taxes payable upon repatriation of the amounts which are not indefinitely reinvested.
Information contained on or accessible through our websites is not incorporated into, and does not form a part of, this Annual Report or any other report or document we file with the SEC, and any references to our websites are intended to be inactive textual references only.
Information contained on or accessible through our websites is not incorporated into, and does not form a part of, this annual report or any other report or document we file with the SEC, and any references to our websites are intended to be inactive textual references only. Overview Fiscal 2024 was another year of growth for lululemon.
Please refer to Note 8. Impairment of Goodwill and Other Assets, Restructuring Costs included in Item 8 of Part II of this report.
Impairment of Goodwill and Other Assets, Restructuring Costs included in Item 8 of Part II of this report.
Capital expenditures are expected to range between $690.0 million and $710.0 million in 2024. Our current commitments with respect to inventory purchases are included within our purchase obligations outlined below.
Capital expenditures are expected to range between $740.0 million and $760.0 million in 2025. Our current commitments with respect to inventory purchases are included within our purchase obligations outlined below.
The timing and cost of our inventory purchases will vary depending on a variety of factors such as revenue growth, assortment and purchasing decisions, product costs including freight and duty, and the availability of production capacity and speed. Our inventory balance as of January 28, 2024 was $1.3 billion, a decrease of 9% from January 29, 2023.
The timing and cost of our inventory purchases will vary depending on a variety of factors such as revenue growth, assortment and purchasing decisions, product costs including freight and duty, and the availability of production capacity and speed. Our inventory balance as of February 2, 2025 was $1.4 billion, an increase of 9% from January 28, 2024.
Financing Activities The increase in cash used in financing activities was primarily the result of an increase in our stock repurchases. During 2023, 1.5 million shares were repurchased at a total cost including commissions and excise taxes of $558.7 million. During 2022, 1.4 million shares were repurchased at a total cost including commissions and excise taxes of $444.0 million.
Financing Activities The increase in cash used in financing activities was primarily the result of an increase in our stock repurchases. During 2024, we repurchased 5.1 million shares at a total cost including commissions and excise taxes of $1.6 billion. During 2023, we repurchased 1.5 million shares at a total cost including commissions and excise taxes of $558.7 million.
The increase in gross profit was partially offset by an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses primarily due to higher employee costs, as well as increased digital marketing expenses, increased packaging and distribution costs driven by higher net revenue, and increased technology costs.
The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily due to higher employee costs and increased marketing expenses, as well as increased distribution costs and packaging costs driven by higher net revenue.
We enter into standby letters of credit to secure certain of our obligations, including leases, taxes, and duties. As of January 28, 2024, letters of credit and letters of guarantee totaling $10.2 million had been issued, including $6.3 million under our committed revolving credit facility.
We enter into standby letters of credit to secure certain of our obligations, including leases, taxes, and duties. As of February 2, 2025, letters of credit and letters of guarantee totaling $12.6 million had been issued, including $6.1 million under our committed revolving credit facility.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions. Predicting future events is inherently an imprecise activity and, as such, requires the use of significant judgment. Actual results may vary from our estimates in amounts that may be material to the financial statements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions. Predicting future events is inherently an imprecise activity and, as such, 37 Table of Contents requires the use of significant judgment.
Adjusted Financial Measures The following tables reconcile the most directly comparable measures calculated in accordance with GAAP with the adjusted financial measures. The 2023 and 2022 adjustments relate to certain inventory provisions, goodwill and other asset impairments, and restructuring costs recognized in relation to lululemon Studio, and their related tax effects.
Adjusted Financial Measures The following table reconciles the most directly comparable measures calculated in accordance with GAAP with the adjusted financial measures for 2023. The adjustments relate to certain inventory provisions, asset impairments, and restructuring costs recognized in relation to lululemon Studio and their related tax effects. Please refer to Note 9.
Adjusted gross profit, gross margin, income from operations, operating margin, income tax expense, effective tax rates, net income, and diluted earnings per share exclude certain inventory provisions, goodwill and other asset impairments, and restructuring costs recognized in relation to lululemon Studio, the gain on disposal of assets for the sale of an administrative office building, the MIRROR acquisition-related expenses, and the related income tax effects of these items.
For 2023, adjusted gross profit, gross margin, income from operations, operating margin, income tax expense, effective tax rates, net income, and diluted earnings per share exclude certain inventory provisions, asset impairments, and restructuring costs recognized in relation to lululemon Studio, and the related income tax effects of these items.
Investing Activities The increase in cash used in investing activities was primarily due to the settlement of net investment hedges and increased capital expenditures. The increase in capital expenditures was primarily due to investment in our distribution centers as well as other technology infrastructure and system initiatives, partially offset by a decrease in company-operated store and corporate capital expenditures.
The increase in cash used in investing activities was also due to increased capital expenditures primarily due to an increase in supply chain infrastructure, company-operated stores expenditures, and system initiatives, partially offset by a decrease in corporate infrastructure capital expenditures. The increase in cash used in investing activities was partially offset by the settlement of net investment hedges.
As of January 28, 2024, the net investment in our Canadian subsidiaries was $2.5 billion, of which $1.6 billion was determined to be indefinitely reinvested. The paid-up-capital balance of the Canadian subsidiaries was approximately $140.0 million.
As of February 2, 2025, the net investment in our Canadian subsidiaries was $3.7 billion, of which $1.6 billion was determined to be indefinitely reinvested. The paid-up-capital balance of the Canadian subsidiaries was approximately $165.2 million.
Further, due to the finite and discrete nature of these items, we do not consider them to be normal operating expenses that are necessary to run our business, or impairments or disposal gains that are expected to arise in the normal course of our operations.
Further, due to the finite and discrete nature of these items, we do not consider them to be normal operating expenses that are necessary to run our business, or impairments that are expected to arise in the normal course of our operations. Management uses these adjusted financial measures and constant currency metrics internally when reviewing and assessing financial performance.
Comparable sales also excludes sales from our selling channels other than company-operated stores and e-commerce. The comparable sales measures we report may not be equivalent to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. In fiscal years with 53 weeks, the 53rd week of net revenue is excluded from the calculation of comparable sales.
Comparable sales also excludes sales from our selling channels other than company-operated stores and e-commerce. The comparable sales measures we report may not be equivalent to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
Please refer to Note 8. Impairment of Goodwill and Other Assets, Restructuring Costs included in Item 8 of Part II of this report for further information.
Impairment of Goodwill and Other Assets, Restructuring Costs included in Item 8 of Part II of this report for further information on the nature of these amounts.
Management uses these adjusted financial measures and constant currency metrics internally when reviewing and assessing financial performance. The presentation of this financial information is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for, or with greater prominence to, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP.
The presentation of this financial information is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for, or with greater prominence to, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP.
The following table includes certain measures of our liquidity: January 28, 2024 (In thousands) Cash and cash equivalents $ 2,243,971 Working capital excluding cash and cash equivalents (1) 185,345 Capacity under committed revolving credit facility 393,661 __________ (1) Working capital is calculated as current assets of $4.1 billion less current liabilities of $1.6 billion.
The following table includes certain measures of our liquidity: February 2, 2025 (In thousands) Cash and cash equivalents $ 1,984,336 Working capital (1) excluding cash and cash equivalents 156,336 Capacity under committed revolving credit facility 393,935 __________ (1) Working capital is calculated as current assets of $4.0 billion less current liabilities of $1.8 billion.
Foreign currency fluctuations reduced the growth of our net revenue by $89.8 million when comparing 2023 to 2022, primarily due to the overall appreciation of the US dollar. We expect future exchange rate volatility to impact our results. We have also experienced increased wage rates which increased our employee costs when comparing 2023 to 2022.
Foreign currency fluctuations reduced the growth of our net revenue by $75.3 million when comparing 2024 to 2023, primarily due to the overall appreciation of the US dollar. We expect future exchange rate volatility to impact our results.
Excluding the income tax effects of the impairment and other charges recognized in 2022 and 2023 in relation to lululemon Studio, and excluding the tax effect of the gain on the sale of the administrative building in 2022, the adjusted effective tax rate increased to 28.7% in 2023 from 28.1% in 2022.
Excluding the income tax effects of the impairment and other charges recognized in relation to lululemon Studio in 2023, the adjusted effective tax rate was 28.7% in 2023.
Comparable company-operated stores have been open, or open after being significantly expanded, for at least 12 full fiscal months. Net revenue from a company-operated store is included in comparable sales beginning with the first fiscal month for which the store has a full fiscal month of sales in the prior year.
Net revenue from a company-operated store is included in comparable sales beginning with the first fiscal month for which the store has a full fiscal month of sales in the prior year.
Financial Highlights The summary below compares 2023 to 2022 and provides both GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures. The adjusted financial measures for 2023 exclude $72.1 million of post-tax asset impairment and other charges recognized in relation to lululemon Studio.
And in accessories, we continued to bring innovation across our offering of bags, which drove good response from our guests. Financial Highlights The summary below compares 2024 to 2023 and provides both GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures. The adjusted financial measures for 2023 exclude $72.1 million of post-tax asset impairment and other charges recognized in relation to lululemon Studio.
We believe that sales per square foot is useful in evaluating the performance of our company-operated stores. Sales per square foot is calculated using total net revenue from all company-operated stores divided by the average ending square footage of the stores for each period during the year.
Sales per square foot is calculated using total net revenue from all company-operated stores divided by the average ending square footage of the stores for each period during the year. In fiscal years with 53 weeks, the 53rd week of net revenue is excluded from the calculation of sales per square foot.
Other Income (Expense), Net 2023 2022 Year over year change (In thousands) (In thousands) (Percentage) Other income (expense), net $ 43,059 $ 4,163 $ 38,896 934.3 % The increase in other income, net was primarily due to an increase in interest income as a result of higher cash balances and higher interest rates.
Other Income (Expense), Net 2024 2023 Year over year change (In thousands) (In thousands) (Percentage) Other income (expense), net $ 70,380 $ 43,059 $ 27,321 63.5 % The increase in other income, net was primarily due to an increase in interest income as a result of higher average cash balances.
The sales per square foot metric we report may not be equivalent to similarly titled metrics reported by other companies. Non-GAAP Financial Measures Constant dollar changes and adjusted financial results are non-GAAP financial measures.
The square footage of our company-operated stores includes all retail related space, including selling space as well as storage and back-office areas. The sales per square foot metric we report may not be equivalent to similarly titled metrics reported by other companies. Non-GAAP Financial Measures Constant dollar changes and adjusted financial results are non-GAAP financial measures.
The increase in Americas net revenue was primarily due to an increase in comparable sales, which increased 8%, or 9% on a constant dollar basis. The increase in comparable sales was primarily a result of increased traffic, partially offset by a lower dollar value per transaction and a decrease in conversion rates.
Americas comparable sales, which excludes net revenue from the 53rd week of 2024, decreased 1%. The decrease in comparable sales was primarily a result of decreased conversion rates, partially offset by an increase in traffic and a higher dollar value per transaction.
The increase in general corporate expenses was partially offset by a decrease in net foreign currency exchange and derivative losses of $7.0 million.
The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was partially offset by an increase in net foreign currency exchange and derivative revaluation gains of $9.9 million.
As of January 28, 2024 the net carrying value of our inventories was $1.3 billion, which included provisions for obsolete and damaged inventory of $139.7 million. The 43 Table of Contents provision is determined based upon assumptions about product quality, damages, future demand, selling prices, and market conditions, and includes a provision of $63.0 million against lululemon Studio Mirror inventory.
As of February 2, 2025, the net carrying value of our inventories was $1.4 billion, which included provisions for obsolete and damaged inventory of $82.3 million. The provision is determined based upon assumptions about product quality, damages, future demand, selling prices, and market conditions. Deferred taxes on undistributed net investment of foreign subsidiaries.
The increase in gross profit was partially offset by an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses, primarily due to higher employee costs, increased digital marketing expenses, increased credit card fees, packaging costs, and distribution costs driven by higher net revenue, and 32 Table of Contents increased depreciation, and technology costs.
The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily due to higher employee costs and increased marketing expenses, as well as increased distribution costs and credit card fees driven by higher net revenue. 32 Table of Contents Corporate Corporate expenses decreased $9.0 million to $1.3 billion in 2024 compared to 2023.
Net Income 2023 2022 Year over year change (In thousands) (In thousands) (Percentage) Net income $ 1,550,190 $ 854,800 $ 695,390 81.4 % 33 Table of Contents The increase in net income in 2023 was primarily due to an increase in gross profit of $1.1 billion, an increase in other income (expense), net of $38.9 million, and impairment and restructuring charges recognized in 2023 of $74.5 million compared to impairment charges of $407.9 million recognized in 2022, partially offset by an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses of $639.8 million, an increase in income tax expense of $147.8 million, and a gain on disposal of assets of $10.2 million in the prior year.
Net Income 2024 2023 Year over year change (In thousands) (In thousands) (Percentage) Net income $ 1,814,616 $ 1,550,190 $ 264,426 17.1 % The increase in net income in 2024 was primarily due to an increase in gross profit of $661.4 million, impairment and restructuring charges recognized in 2023 of $74.5 million, an increase in other income (expense), net of $27.3 million, partially offset by an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses of $365.2 million, and an increase in income tax expense of $135.9 million.
The increase in China Mainland net revenue was primarily due to an increase in comparable sales, which increased 39%, or 46% on a constant dollar basis. The increase in comparable sales was primarily a result of increased traffic, partially offset by a decrease in conversion rates and a lower dollar value per transaction.
China Mainland comparable sales excludes net revenue from the 53rd week of 2024. The increase in comparable sales was primarily a result of increased traffic, partially offset by a lower dollar value per transaction.
Acquisition-Related Expenses included in Item 8 of Part II of this report for further information on the nature of these amounts. 2023 Gross Profit Gross Margin Income from Operations Operating Margin Income Tax Expense Effective Tax Rate Net Income Diluted Earnings Per Share (In thousands, except per share amounts) GAAP results $ 5,609,405 58.3 % $ 2,132,676 22.2 % $ 625,545 28.8 % $ 1,550,190 $ 12.20 lululemon Studio charges: lululemon Studio obsolescence provision 23,709 0.3 23,709 0.2 23,709 0.19 Impairment of assets 44,186 0.5 44,186 0.35 Restructuring costs 30,315 0.3 30,315 0.24 Tax effect of the above 26,085 (0.1) (26,085) (0.21) 23,709 0.3 98,210 1.0 26,085 (0.1) 72,125 0.57 Adjusted results (non-GAAP) $ 5,633,114 58.6 % $ 2,230,886 23.2 % $ 651,630 28.7 % $ 1,622,315 $ 12.77 40 Table of Contents 2022 Gross Profit Gross Margin Income from Operations Operating Margin Income Tax Expense Effective Tax Rate Net Income Diluted Earnings Per Share (In thousands, except per share amounts) GAAP results $ 4,492,340 55.4 % $ 1,328,408 16.4 % $ 477,771 35.9 % $ 854,800 $ 6.68 lululemon Studio charges: lululemon Studio obsolescence provision 62,928 0.8 62,928 0.8 62,928 0.49 Impairment of goodwill and other assets 407,913 5.0 407,913 3.19 Tax effect of the above 28,171 (7.8) (28,171) (0.22) 62,928 0.8 470,841 5.8 28,171 (7.8) 442,670 3.46 Gain on disposal of assets (10,180) (0.1) (10,180) (0.08) Tax effect of the above (1,661) — 1,661 0.01 Adjusted results (non-GAAP) $ 4,555,268 56.2 % $ 1,789,069 22.1 % $ 504,281 28.1 % $ 1,288,951 $ 10.07 2021 Income from Operations Operating Margin Income Tax Expense Effective Tax Rate Net Income Diluted Earnings Per Share (In thousands, except per share amounts) GAAP results $ 1,333,355 21.3 % $ 358,547 26.9 % $ 975,322 $ 7.49 Transaction and integration costs 2,989 — 2,989 0.02 Acquisition-related compensation 38,405 0.7 38,405 0.29 Tax effect of the above 1,417 (0.7) (1,417) (0.01) Adjusted results (non-GAAP) $ 1,374,749 22.0 % $ 359,964 26.2 % $ 1,015,299 $ 7.79 Liquidity and Capital Resources Our primary sources of liquidity are our current balances of cash and cash equivalents, cash flows from operations, and capacity under our committed revolving credit facility, including to fund short-term working capital requirements.
There were no adjusted financial measures for 2024. 2023 Gross Profit Gross Margin Income from Operations Operating Margin Income Tax Expense Effective Tax Rate Net Income Diluted Earnings Per Share (In thousands, except per share amounts) GAAP results $ 5,609,405 58.3 % $ 2,132,676 22.2 % $ 625,545 28.8 % $ 1,550,190 $ 12.20 lululemon Studio charges: lululemon Studio obsolescence provision 23,709 0.3 23,709 0.2 23,709 0.19 Impairment of assets 44,186 0.5 44,186 0.35 Restructuring costs 30,315 0.3 30,315 0.24 Tax effect of the above 26,085 (0.1) (26,085) (0.21) 23,709 0.3 98,210 1.0 26,085 (0.1) 72,125 0.57 Adjusted results (non-GAAP) $ 5,633,114 58.6 % $ 2,230,886 23.2 % $ 651,630 28.7 % $ 1,622,315 $ 12.77 Liquidity and Capital Resources Our primary sources of liquidity are our current balances of cash and cash equivalents, cash flows from operations, and capacity under our committed revolving credit facility, including to fund short-term working capital requirements.
The increase in gross margin was primarily due to higher product margin as well as leverage on occupancy and other costs, partially offset by unfavorable foreign currency exchange rates.
The decrease in gross margin was primarily due to deleverage on distribution center and occupancy costs, partially offset by higher product margin.
The increase in Rest of World net revenue was primarily due to an increase in comparable sales, which increased 32%, or 33% on a constant dollar basis. The increase in comparable sales was primarily a result of increased traffic, partially offset by a decrease in conversion rates.
Rest of World comparable sales excludes net revenue from the 53rd week of 2024. The increase in comparable sales was primarily a result of increased traffic and a higher dollar value per transaction, partially offset by a decrease in conversion rates.
We believe investors would similarly find these metrics useful in assessing the performance of our business. Comparable sales includes comparable company-operated store and all e-commerce net revenue. E-commerce net revenue includes our buy online pick-up in store, back-back room, and ship from store omni-channel retailing capabilities in addition to our websites, other region-specific websites, digital marketplaces, and mobile apps.
E-commerce net revenue includes buy online pick-up in store, back-back room, and ship from store net revenue in addition to our websites, 33 Table of Contents other region-specific websites, digital marketplaces, and mobile apps.
The increase in China Mainland net revenue was also driven by a $77.5 million increase in non-comparable sales, primarily from our company-operated stores that were opened or significantly expanded since 2021. Rest of World.
The increase in China Mainland net revenue was also driven by a $156.5 million increase in in net revenue from new or expanded company-operated stores and our other channels. We have opened 24 net new company-operated stores since 2023.
Comparable Sales and Sales Per Square Foot Comparable Sales We use comparable sales to evaluate the performance of our company-operated store and e-commerce businesses from an omni-channel perspective. It allows us to monitor the performance of our business without the impact of recently opened or expanded stores.
It allows us to monitor the performance of our business without the impact of recently opened or expanded stores. We believe investors would similarly find these metrics useful in assessing the performance of our business. Comparable sales includes comparable company-operated store and all e-commerce net revenue.
On a constant dollar basis, net revenue increased 20%. • Comparable sales increased 13%, or 14% on a constant dollar basis. – Americas comparable sales increased 8%, or 9% on a constant dollar basis. – China Mainland comparable sales increased 39%, or 46% on a constant dollar basis. – Rest of World comparable sales increased 32%, or 33% on a constant dollar basis. • Gross profit increased 25% to $5.6 billion.
On a constant dollar basis, net revenue increased 11%. • Comparable sales, which excludes net revenue from the 53rd week of 2024, increased 4%. – Americas comparable sales decreased 1%. – China Mainland comparable sales increased 25%, or 27% on a constant dollar basis. – Rest of World comparable sales increased 19%, or 20% on a constant dollar basis. • Gross profit increased 12% to $6.3 billion.
Consumer purchasing behaviors and their propensity to spend in our sector have been impacted by uncertain economic conditions including inflation, higher interest rates, and other factors. While we experienced traffic and net revenue growth in 2023 in all markets, over the course of 2023 we saw moderation in the year over year traffic and net revenue growth in the Americas.
Consumer confidence, purchasing behaviors, and their propensity to spend in our sector have been impacted by uncertain economic conditions including inflation, fluctuating interest rates, and other factors. We continue to monitor the economic environment, including in the US, Canada, and China Mainland.
The following table summarizes our contractual arrangements due by fiscal year as of January 28, 2024, and the timing and effect that such commitments are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flows in future periods: Total 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 Thereafter (In thousands) Operating leases (minimum rent) $ 1,645,318 $ 300,379 $ 287,224 $ 232,510 $ 214,519 $ 158,252 $ 452,434 Purchase obligations 688,934 656,376 5,566 10,506 2,899 13,587 — One-time transition tax payable 28,555 12,691 15,864 — — — — As of January 28, 2024, our operating lease commitments for distribution center operating leases which have been committed to, but not yet commenced, was $299.6 million, which is not reflected in the table above.
The following table summarizes our contractual arrangements due by fiscal year as of February 2, 2025, and the timing and effect that such commitments are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flows in future periods: Total 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 Thereafter (In thousands) Operating leases (minimum rent) $ 1,845,624 $ 336,521 $ 314,027 $ 299,214 $ 243,199 $ 182,854 $ 469,809 Purchase obligations 803,579 725,155 22,982 16,807 25,635 13,000 — As of February 2, 2025, our minimum operating lease commitment for distribution center operating leases which have been committed to, but not yet commenced, was $274.8 million, which is not reflected in the table above.
Our leases generally have initial terms of between two and 15 years, and generally can be extended in increments between two and five years, if at all. The following table details our future minimum lease payments. Minimum lease commitments exclude variable lease expenses including contingent rent payments, common area maintenance, property taxes, and landlord's insurance. Purchase obligations.
We lease certain store and other retail locations, distribution centers, offices, and equipment under non-cancellable operating leases. Our leases generally have initial terms of between two and 15 years, and generally can be extended in increments between two and five years, if at all. The following table details our future minimum lease payments.
Adjusted operating margin increased 110 basis points to 23.2% from 22.1% in 2022. 28 Table of Contents • Income tax expense increased 31% to $625.5 million. Our effective tax rate for 2023 was 28.8% compared to 35.9% for 2022.
Adjusted operating margin increased 50 basis points. 27 Table of Contents • Income tax expense increased 22% to $761.5 million. Our effective tax rate for 2024 was 29.6% compared to 28.8% for 2023. The adjusted effective tax rate was 28.7% for 2023. • Diluted earnings per share were $14.64 for 2024 compared to $12.20 in 2023.
The credit facility has a maturity date of December 14, 2026, subject to extension under certain circumstances. As of January 28, 2024, aside from letters of credit of $6.3 million, we had no other borrowings outstanding under this credit facility. Further information regarding our credit facilities and associated covenants is outlined in Note 12.
As of February 2, 2025, aside from letters of credit of $6.1 million, we had no other borrowings outstanding under this credit facility. Further information regarding our credit facilities and associated covenants is outlined in Note 12. Revolving Credit Facilities included in Item 8 of Part II of this report. Contractual Obligations and Commitments Leases.
The increase in Rest of World net revenue was also driven by a $118.9 million increase in non-comparable sales, primarily from our company-operated stores that were opened or significantly expanded since 2022 as well as increased license and supply arrangements and outlets net revenue.
The increase in Rest of World net revenue was also driven by a $95.8 million increase in net revenue from new or expanded company-operated stores and our other channels. We have opened eight net new company-operated stores since 2023.
The increase in cash provided by operating activities was partially offset by changes in adjusting items of $224.8 million, primarily driven by goodwill and other asset impairments and restructuring costs recognized in relation to lululemon Studio, as well as increased depreciation and higher cash inflows related to derivatives.
The decrease in cash provided by operating activities was also a result of changes in impairment and other charges recognized in relation to lululemon Studio in 2023, and lower cash inflows related to derivatives, partially offset by increased deferred incomes taxes and depreciation.
The remaining 150 basis point decrease in gross margin was primarily the result of: • a decrease in product margin of 100 basis points primarily due to higher markdowns, sales mix, and increased damages and shrink, partially offset by lower air freight costs; • an increase in costs related to our product departments and distribution centers as a percentage of net revenue of 60 basis points; and • an unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates of 40 basis points.
The increase in gross margin was primarily the result of a net increase in product margin of 120 basis points, comprised of: • a net increase of 120 basis points from lower product costs and lower inventory provision expense, partially offset by higher freight costs; • an increase of 30 basis points due to the lululemon Studio obsolescence provision recognized during 2023; and • an unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates of 30 basis points.
In the year following a 53-week year, the prior year period is shifted by one week to compare similar calendar weeks. Non-comparable sales includes all net revenue other than comparable sales. Sales Per Square Foot We use sales per square foot to assess the performance of our company-operated stores relative to their square footage.
In fiscal years with 53 weeks, the 53rd week of net revenue is excluded from the calculation of comparable sales. In the year following a 53-week year, the prior year period is shifted by one week to compare similar calendar weeks.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses 2023 2022 Year over year change (In thousands) (In thousands) (Percentage) Selling, general and administrative expenses $ 3,397,218 $ 2,757,447 $ 639,771 23.2 % Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of net revenue 35.3 % 34.0 % 130 basis points The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily due to: • an increase in head office costs of $327.7 million, comprised of: – an increase in employee costs of $108.8 million primarily due to increased salaries and wages expense as well as increased stock-based compensation and incentive compensation, primarily as a result of headcount growth and increased wage rates; – an increase in brand and community costs of $95.4 million primarily due to increased marketing expenses; – an increase in depreciation of $46.0 million; – an increase in other head office costs of $40.4 million, primarily due to increased professional fees; and – an increase in technology costs, including cloud computing amortization, of $37.1 million. • an increase in costs related to our operating channels of $319.1 million, comprised of: – an increase in employee costs of $145.1 million primarily due to increased salaries and wages expense, incentive compensation, and benefit costs for retail employees, primarily from the growth in our business and increased wage rates; – an increase in other operating costs of $67.7 million primarily due to increased depreciation costs, technology costs, and repairs and maintenance costs; – an increase in variable costs of $66.8 million primarily due to increased credit card fees, distribution costs, and packaging costs, primarily as a result of increased net revenue; and – an increase in brand and community costs of $39.5 million primarily due to increased digital marketing expenses.
The increase in product margin was partially offset by a net increase in other cost of sales as a percentage of net revenue of 30 basis points, comprised of: • an increase in occupancy and depreciation costs of 60 basis points; • an increase in distribution center costs of 30 basis points; • a decrease in costs related to our product departments of 50 basis points; and • a favorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates of 10 basis points. 29 Table of Contents Selling, General and Administrative Expenses 2024 2023 Year over year change (In thousands) (In thousands) (Percentage) Selling, general and administrative expenses $ 3,762,379 $ 3,397,218 $ 365,161 10.7 % Selling, general and administrative expenses as a % of net revenue 35.5 % 35.3 % 20 basis points The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily due to: • an increase in costs related to our operating channels of $196.0 million, comprised of: – an increase in employee costs of $84.2 million primarily due to increased salaries and wages expense and benefit costs for retail employees primarily from the growth in our business, partially offset by decreased incentive compensation; – an increase in brand and community costs of $54.2 million primarily due to increased digital marketing expenses; – an increase in other operating costs of $41.9 million primarily due to increased depreciation costs and repairs and maintenance costs; and – an increase in technology costs of $18.7 million.
Our non-GAAP financial measures may be calculated differently from, and therefore may not be directly comparable to, similarly titled measures reported by other companies. 39 Table of Contents Constant Dollar Changes The below changes in net revenue and comparable sales show the change compared to the corresponding period in the prior year. 2023 Compared to 2022 2022 Compared to 2021 Change Foreign exchange changes Change in constant dollars Change Foreign exchange changes Change in constant dollars Net Revenue Americas 12 % — % 12 % 29 % 1 % 30 % China Mainland 67 8 75 33 7 40 Rest of World 43 1 44 37 12 49 Total net revenue 19 % 1 % 20 % 30 % 2 % 32 % Comparable sales (1) Americas 8 % 1 % 9 % 28 % 1 % 29 % China Mainland 39 7 46 17 6 23 Rest of World 32 1 33 10 9 19 Total comparable sales 13 % 1 % 14 % 25 % 3 % 28 % __________ (1) Comparable sales includes comparable company-operated store and e-commerce net revenue.
Our non-GAAP financial measures may be calculated differently from, and therefore may not be directly comparable to, similarly titled measures reported by other companies. 34 Table of Contents Constant Dollar Changes The below changes in net revenue and comparable sales show the change compared to the corresponding period in the prior year.
We expect our inventories to decrease during the first half of 2024 compared to the first half of 2023, and then increase in the second half of 2024 compared to the second half of 2023. 42 Table of Contents Our existing Americas credit facility provides for $400.0 million in commitments under an unsecured five-year revolving credit facility.
We expect that our inventories will continue to grow in 2025, and we expect the growth rate will exceed net revenue growth in 2025. Our existing Americas credit facility provides for $400.0 million in commitments under an unsecured five-year revolving credit facility. The credit facility has a maturity date of December 14, 2026.
Income Tax Expense 2023 2022 Year over year change (In thousands) (In thousands) (Percentage) Income tax expense $ 625,545 $ 477,771 $ 147,774 30.9 % Effective tax rate 28.8 % 35.9 % (710) basis points The decrease in the effective tax rate was primarily due the income tax impact of certain non-deductible impairment and other charges recognized in 2022 and 2023 related to lululemon Studio, partially offset by a lower tax rate on the gain on the sale of an administrative building in 2022.
The increase in the effective tax rate was partially offset by an increase in tax credits, and the income tax impact of certain non-deductible impairment and other charges related to lululemon Studio, which increased the effective tax rate by 10 basis points in 2023.
Results of Operations The following table summarizes key components of our results of operations for the periods indicated: 2023 2022 2021 2023 2022 2021 (In thousands) (Percentage of net revenue) Net revenue $ 9,619,278 $ 8,110,518 $ 6,256,617 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Cost of goods sold 4,009,873 3,618,178 2,648,052 41.7 44.6 42.3 Gross profit 5,609,405 4,492,340 3,608,565 58.3 55.4 57.7 Selling, general and administrative expenses 3,397,218 2,757,447 2,225,034 35.3 34.0 35.6 Impairment of goodwill and other assets, restructuring costs 74,501 407,913 — 0.8 5.0 — Amortization of intangible assets 5,010 8,752 8,782 0.1 0.1 0.1 Acquisition-related expenses — — 41,394 — — 0.7 Gain on disposal of assets — (10,180) — — (0.1) — Income from operations 2,132,676 1,328,408 1,333,355 22.2 16.4 21.3 Other income (expense), net 43,059 4,163 514 0.4 0.1 — Income before income tax expense 2,175,735 1,332,571 1,333,869 22.6 16.4 21.3 Income tax expense 625,545 477,771 358,547 6.5 5.9 5.7 Net income $ 1,550,190 $ 854,800 $ 975,322 16.1 % 10.5 % 15.6 % 29 Table of Contents Comparison of 2023 to 2022 Net Revenue Net revenue increased $1.5 billion, or 19%, to $9.6 billion in 2023 from $8.1 billion in 2022.
Results of Operations The following table summarizes key components of our results of operations for the periods indicated: 2024 2023 2024 2023 (In thousands) (Percentage of net revenue) Net revenue $ 10,588,126 $ 9,619,278 100.0 % 100.0 % Cost of goods sold 4,317,315 4,009,873 40.8 41.7 Gross profit 6,270,811 5,609,405 59.2 58.3 Selling, general and administrative expenses 3,762,379 3,397,218 35.5 35.3 Impairment of goodwill and other assets, restructuring costs — 74,501 — 0.8 Amortization of intangible assets 2,735 5,010 — 0.1 Income from operations 2,505,697 2,132,676 23.7 22.2 Other income (expense), net 70,380 43,059 0.7 0.4 Income before income tax expense 2,576,077 2,175,735 24.3 22.6 Income tax expense 761,461 625,545 7.2 6.5 Net income $ 1,814,616 $ 1,550,190 17.1 % 16.1 % 28 Table of Contents Comparison of 2024 to 2023 Net Revenue 2024 2023 2024 2023 Year over year change (In thousands) (Percentage of net revenue) (In thousands) (Percentage) (Constant dollar change) Americas $ 7,928,156 $ 7,631,647 74.9 % 79.3 % $ 296,509 4 % 4 % China Mainland 1,361,337 963,760 12.9 10.0 397,577 41 43 Rest of World 1,298,633 1,023,871 12.3 10.6 274,762 27 29 Net revenue $ 10,588,126 $ 9,619,278 100.0 % 100.0 % $ 968,848 10 % 11 % The increase in net revenue was primarily due to increased China Mainland net revenue.
The increase in gross profit was partially offset by an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses primarily due to higher employee costs, as well as increased digital marketing expenses, increased packaging costs, distribution costs, and credit card fees driven by higher net revenue, and increased technology costs.
Corporate expenses also decreased due to an increase in net foreign currency exchange and derivative gains of $9.9 million, as well as a decrease in employee costs. The decrease in corporate expenses was partially offset by increased professional fees and technology costs, as well as increased depreciation and marketing expenses.
The increase in Americas income from operations was primarily the result of increased gross profit of $855.2 million, driven by increased net revenue, partially offset by lower gross margin. The decrease in gross margin was primarily due to lower product margin, partially offset by leverage on occupancy and other costs.
China Mainland net revenue during the 53rd week of 2024 was $23.6 million, which contributed to the increase in China Mainland net revenue in 2024. The increase in gross margin was primarily due to higher product margin as well as leverage on occupancy and other costs.
The following table summarizes our net cash flows provided by and used in operating, investing, and financing activities for the periods indicated: 2023 2022 Year over year change (In thousands) Total cash provided by (used in): Operating activities $ 2,296,164 $ 966,463 $ 1,329,701 Investing activities (654,132) (569,937) (84,195) Financing activities (548,828) (467,487) (81,341) Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (4,100) (34,043) 29,943 Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents $ 1,089,104 $ (105,004) $ 1,194,108 41 Table of Contents Operating Activities The increase in cash provided by operating activities was primarily as a result of: • an increase in cash flows from changes in operating assets and liabilities of $859.1 million, primarily driven by changes in inventories, accounts payable, and prepaid expenses and other current assets, partially offset by changes in income taxes and accrued liabilities; and • increased net income of $695.4 million.
Cash and cash equivalents in excess of our needs are held in interest bearing accounts with financial institutions, as well as in money market funds and term deposits. 35 Table of Contents The following table summarizes our net cash flows provided by and used in operating, investing, and financing activities for the periods indicated: 2024 2023 Year over year change (In thousands) Total cash provided by (used in): Operating activities $ 2,272,713 $ 2,296,164 $ (23,451) Investing activities (798,174) (654,132) (144,042) Financing activities (1,652,508) (548,828) (1,103,680) Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (81,666) (4,100) (77,566) Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents $ (259,635) $ 1,089,104 $ (1,348,739) Operating Activities Net income increased $264.4 million.
We recognized a provision of $62.9 million against hardware inventory during 2022. This reduced 2022 gross margin by 80 basis points. Please refer to Note 8. Impairment of Goodwill and Other Assets, Restructuring Costs included in Item 8 of Part II of this report.
The net decrease was primarily due to an inventory obsolescence provision of $23.7 million and certain asset impairments and restructuring costs of $74.5 million in relation to lululemon Studio recognized in 2023. Please refer to Note 9. Impairment of Goodwill and Other Assets, Restructuring Costs included in Item 8 of Part II of this report for further information.
The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was partially offset by a decrease in net foreign currency exchange and derivative revaluation losses of $7.0 million. 31 Table of Contents Impairment of Goodwill and Other Assets, Restructuring Costs 2023 2022 Year over year change (In thousands) (In thousands) (Percentage) Impairment of goodwill and other assets, restructuring costs $ 74,501 $ 407,913 $ (333,412) (81.7) % During 2023, we recognized certain asset impairments and restructuring costs, and during 2022, we recognized impairment of goodwill and other assets, each in relation to lululemon Studio.
Impairment of Goodwill and Other Assets, Restructuring Costs 2024 2023 Year over year change (In thousands) (In thousands) (Percentage) Impairment of goodwill and other assets, restructuring costs $ — $ 74,501 $ (74,501) (100.0) % During 2023, we recognized certain asset impairments and restructuring costs related to lululemon Studio. Please refer to Note 9.
Income from Operations On a segment basis, we determine income from operations without taking into account our general corporate expenses and certain other expenses. Segmented income from operations is summarized below.
The amortization of intangible assets in 2023 was primarily the result of the amortization of intangible assets recognized upon the acquisition of MIRROR, which we rebranded as lululemon Studio. Segment Results On a segment basis, we determine income from operations without taking into account corporate expenses and certain other expenses.
We continued to execute against our Power of Three ×2 growth plan, growing net revenue 19% and diluted earnings per share 83%, or 27% on an adjusted basis, as our teams were able to successfully navigate an uncertain macroeconomic environment. Our growth continued across regions, merchandise categories, and channels.
Net revenue increased 10%, operating margin expanded 150 basis points, or 50 basis points on an adjusted basis, and diluted earnings per share grew 20%, or 15% on an adjusted basis. Our teams continued to execute against our Power of Three ×2 growth plan and the compound annual growth rate in net revenue was 19% between fiscal 2021 and 2024.
Adjusted gross profit increased 24% to $5.6 billion. • Gross margin increased 290 basis points to 58.3%. Adjusted gross margin increased 240 basis points to 58.6%. • Income from operations increased 61% to $2.1 billion. Adjusted income from operations increased 25% to $2.2 billion. • Operating margin increased 580 basis points to 22.2% from 16.4% in 2022.
Adjusted gross profit increased 11%. • Gross margin increased 90 basis points to 59.2%. Adjusted gross margin increased 60 basis points. • Income from operations increased 17% to $2.5 billion. Adjusted income from operations increased 12%. • Operating margin increased 150 basis points to 23.7%.
The increase in Americas income from operations was primarily the result of increased gross profit of $691.7 million, driven by increased net revenue and higher gross margin. The increase in gross margin was primarily due to higher product margin, partially offset by deleverage on distribution center costs.
Rest of World net revenue during the 53rd week of 2024 was $21.7 million, which contributed to the increase in Rest of World net revenue in 2024. The increase in gross margin was primarily due to higher product margin.
Excluding certain inventory provisions, goodwill and other asset impairments, and restructuring costs recognized in relation to lululemon Studio in 2023 and 2022 and the gain on sale of an administrative building in 2022, and their tax effects, adjusted net income increased $333.4 million or 26%.
We provide constant dollar changes and adjusted financial results which exclude certain inventory provisions, asset impairments, and restructuring costs recognized in relation to lululemon Studio and their related tax effects.
Market Conditions and Trends Macroeconomic conditions, supply chain disruption, and the COVID-19 pandemic have impacted our business and operating costs. Certain trends are expected to continue throughout 2024, with the impact varying by market. Macroeconomic Conditions Macroeconomic conditions, including foreign currency fluctuations, have impacted our financial results.
Adjusted diluted earnings per share were $12.77 in 2023. Market Conditions and Trends Macroeconomic conditions, government actions and policies, consumer confidence and purchasing behaviors, and foreign currency fluctuations impact our business. Such factors are expected to continue to impact our business throughout 2025, with the impact varying by market.
While we continued to sell at-home hardware in 2023, we reached the decision to cease selling the lululemon Studio Mirror during the third quarter of 2023. These strategy shifts resulted in the recognition of an inventory obsolescence provision of $62.9 million in 2022 and a further provision of $23.7 million in 2023.
As a result of our decision to cease selling the lululemon Studio Mirror, we recognized an inventory obsolescence provision of $23.7 million during 2023, which reduced gross margin by 30 basis points. Adjusted gross margin increased 60 basis points. Please refer to Note 9.
Please refer to Note 9. Acquisition-Related Expenses included in Item 8 of Part II of this report for further information.
Investing Activities The increase in cash used in investing activities was primarily due to the acquisition of the lululemon branded retail locations and operations run by a third party in Mexico. Please refer to Note 6. Acquisition included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information.
We 27 Table of Contents opened 56 net new company-operated stores, contributing to a 15% increase in square footage, while total company-operated store net revenue increased 21% and e-commerce net revenue increased 17%.
In China Mainland, revenue increased 41%, and in Rest of World, revenue grew 27%. By category, we saw a 9% increase in women's, 14% growth in men's, and an 10% increase in other categories. We expanded our retail presence by adding 56 net new company-operated stores, contributing to a 14% increase in square footage.
Amortization of Intangible Assets 2023 2022 Year over year change (In thousands) (In thousands) (Percentage) Amortization of intangible assets $ 5,010 $ 8,752 $ (3,742) (42.8) % The amortization of intangible assets was primarily the result of the amortization of intangible assets recognized upon the acquisition of MIRROR, which we rebranded as lululemon Studio.
Impairment of Goodwill and Other Assets, Restructuring Costs included in Item 8 of Part II of this report for further information. 30 Table of Contents Amortization of Intangible Assets 2024 2023 Year over year change (In thousands) (In thousands) (Percentage) Amortization of intangible assets $ 2,735 $ 5,010 $ (2,275) (45.4) % The amortization of intangible assets in 2024 was primarily the result of the amortization of intangible assets recognized upon the acquisition of the Mexico operations.
Income from operations as a percentage of China Mainland net revenue decreased primarily due to lower gross margin. Rest of World. The increase in Rest of World income from operations was primarily the result of increased gross profit of $80.9 million, driven by increased net revenue, partially offset by lower gross margin.
The increase in costs related to our head office was partially offset by a net decrease in employee costs of $1.9 million primarily due to decreased incentive compensation, partially offset by increased salaries and wages expense.