Biggest changeThe average age of light vehicles has exceeded 11 years since 2012. 27 Table of Contents Results of Operations The following table highlights selected financial information over the past 5 years: Fiscal Year Ended August (in thousands, except per share data, same store sales and selected operating data) 2022 2021 (1) 2020 (1) 2019 (2)(3) 2018 (3) Income Statement Data Net sales $ 16,252,230 $ 14,629,585 $ 12,631,967 $ 11,863,743 $ 11,221,077 Cost of sales, including warehouse and delivery expenses 7,779,580 6,911,800 5,861,214 5,498,742 5,247,331 Gross profit 8,472,650 7,717,785 6,770,753 6,365,001 5,973,746 Operating, selling, general and administrative expenses 5,201,921 4,773,258 4,353,074 4,148,864 4,162,890 Operating profit 3,270,729 2,944,527 2,417,679 2,216,137 1,810,856 Interest expense, net 191,638 195,337 201,165 184,804 174,527 Income before income taxes 3,079,091 2,749,190 2,216,514 2,031,333 1,636,329 Income tax expense (4) 649,487 578,876 483,542 414,112 298,793 Net income (4) $ 2,429,604 $ 2,170,314 $ 1,732,972 $ 1,617,221 $ 1,337,536 Diluted earnings per share (4) $ 117.19 $ 95.19 $ 71.93 $ 63.43 $ 48.77 Weighted average shares for diluted earnings per share (4) 20,733 22,799 24,093 25,498 27,424 Same Store Sales Increase in domestic comparable store net sales (5) 8.4 % 13.6 % 7.4 % 3.0 % 1.8 % Balance Sheet Data Current assets $ 6,627,984 $ 6,415,303 $ 6,811,872 $ 5,028,685 $ 4,635,869 Operating lease right-of-use assets (6) 2,918,817 2,718,712 2,581,677 — — Working capital (deficit) (12) (1,960,409) (954,451) 528,781 (483,456) (392,812) Total assets 15,275,043 14,516,199 14,423,872 9,895,913 9,346,980 Current liabilities 8,588,393 7,369,754 6,283,091 5,512,141 5,028,681 Debt 6,122,092 5,269,820 5,513,371 5,206,344 5,005,930 Finance lease liabilities, less current portion (6) 217,428 186,122 155,855 123,659 102,013 Operating lease liabilities, less current portion (6) 2,837,973 2,632,842 2,501,560 — — Stockholders’ deficit (3,538,913) (1,797,536) (877,977) (1,713,851) (1,520,355) Selected Operating Data Number of locations at beginning of year 6,767 6,549 6,411 6,202 6,029 Sold locations (7) — — — — 26 New locations 177 219 138 209 201 Closed locations 1 1 — — 2 Net new locations 176 218 138 209 199 Relocated locations 13 12 5 2 7 Number of locations at end of year 6,943 6,767 6,549 6,411 6,202 AutoZone domestic commercial programs 5,342 5,179 5,007 4,893 4,741 Inventory per location (in thousands) $ 812 $ 686 $ 683 $ 674 $ 636 Total AutoZone store square footage (in thousands) 46,435 45,057 43,502 42,526 41,066 Average square footage per AutoZone store 6,688 6,658 6,643 6,633 6,621 Increase in AutoZone store square footage 3.1 % 3.6 % 2.3 % 3.6 % 3.5 % Average net sales per AutoZone store (in thousands) $ 2,329 $ 2,160 $ 1,914 $ 1,847 $ 1,778 Net sales per AutoZone store average square foot $ 349 $ 325 $ 288 $ 279 $ 269 Total employees at end of year (in thousands) 112 105 100 96 89 Inventory turnover (8) 1.5x 1.5x 1.3x 1.3x 1.3x Accounts payable to inventory ratio 129.5 % 129.6 % 115.3 % 112.6 % 111.8 % After-tax return on invested capital (9) 52.9 % 41.0 % 35.7 % 35.7 % 32.1 % Adjusted debt to EBITDAR (10) 2.1 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.5 Net cash provided by operating activities (in thousands) (4) $ 3,211,135 $ 3,518,543 $ 2,720,108 $ 2,128,513 $ 2,080,292 Cash flow before share repurchases and changes in debt (in thousands) (11) $ 2,599,636 $ 3,048,841 $ 2,185,418 $ 1,758,672 $ 1,596,367 Share repurchases (in thousands) (12) $ 4,359,991 $ 3,378,321 $ 930,903 $ 2,004,896 $ 1,592,013 Number of shares repurchased (in thousands) (12) 2,220 2,592 826 2,182 2,398 28 Table of Contents (1) The 52 weeks ended August 28, 2021 and August 29, 2020 were negatively impacted by pandemic related expenses, including Emergency Time-Off of approximately $43.0 million (pre-tax) and $83.9 million (pre-tax), respectively.
Biggest changeThe average age of light vehicles has exceeded 12 years since 2012. 28 Table of Contents Results of Operations The following table highlights selected financial information over the past 5 years: Fiscal Year Ended August (in thousands, except per share data, same store sales and selected operating data) 2023 2022 2021 (1) 2020 (1) 2019 (2)(3) Income Statement Data Net sales $ 17,457,209 $ 16,252,230 $ 14,629,585 $ 12,631,967 $ 11,863,743 Cost of sales, including warehouse and delivery expenses 8,386,787 7,779,580 6,911,800 5,861,214 5,498,742 Gross profit 9,070,422 8,472,650 7,717,785 6,770,753 6,365,001 Operating, selling, general and administrative expenses 5,596,436 5,201,921 4,773,258 4,353,074 4,148,864 Operating profit 3,473,986 3,270,729 2,944,527 2,417,679 2,216,137 Interest expense, net 306,372 191,638 195,337 201,165 184,804 Income before income taxes 3,167,614 3,079,091 2,749,190 2,216,514 2,031,333 Income tax expense (4) 639,188 649,487 578,876 483,542 414,112 Net income (4) $ 2,528,426 $ 2,429,604 $ 2,170,314 $ 1,732,972 $ 1,617,221 Diluted earnings per share (4) $ 132.36 $ 117.19 $ 95.19 $ 71.93 $ 63.43 Weighted average shares for diluted earnings per share (4) 19,103 20,733 22,799 24,093 25,498 Same Store Sales Increase in domestic comparable store net sales (5) 3.4 % 8.4 % 13.6 % 7.4 % 3.0 % Increase in international comparable store net sales (5) 29.3 % 19.1 % 22.5 % (2.8) % 4.6 % Increase in international comparable store net sales (constant currency) (5) 17.5 % 19.2 % 20.7 % 4.7 % 7.2 % Increase in total company comparable store net sales (5) 5.6 % 9.2 % 14.3 % 6.6 % 3.2 % Increase in total company comparable store net sales (constant currency) (5) 4.6 % 9.2 % 14.1 % 7.2 % 3.4 % Balance Sheet Data Current assets $ 6,779,426 $ 6,627,984 $ 6,415,303 $ 6,811,872 $ 5,028,685 Operating lease right-of-use assets (6) 2,998,097 2,918,817 2,718,712 2,581,677 — Working capital (deficit) (7) (1,732,430) (1,960,409) (954,451) 528,781 (483,456) Total assets 15,985,878 15,275,043 14,516,199 14,423,872 9,895,913 Current liabilities 8,511,856 8,588,393 7,369,754 6,283,091 5,512,141 Debt 7,668,549 6,122,092 5,269,820 5,513,371 5,206,344 Finance lease liabilities, less current portion (6) 200,702 217,428 186,122 155,855 123,659 Operating lease liabilities, less current portion (6) 2,917,046 2,837,973 2,632,842 2,501,560 — Stockholders’ deficit (4,349,894) (3,538,913) (1,797,536) (877,977) (1,713,851) Selected Operating Data Number of stores at beginning of year 6,943 6,767 6,549 6,411 6,202 New stores 198 177 219 138 209 Closed stores 1 1 1 — — Net new stores 197 176 218 138 209 Relocated stores 12 13 12 5 2 Number of stores at end of year 7,140 6,943 6,767 6,549 6,411 AutoZone domestic commercial programs 5,682 5,342 5,179 5,007 4,893 Total Company Store Data Inventory per store (in thousands) $ 807 $ 812 $ 686 $ 683 $ 674 Total AutoZone store square footage (in thousands) 47,899 46,435 45,057 43,502 42,526 Average square footage per AutoZone store 6,709 6,688 6,658 6,643 6,633 Increase in AutoZone store square footage 3.2 % 3.1 % 3.6 % 2.3 % 3.6 % Average net sales per AutoZone store (in thousands) $ 2,435 $ 2,329 $ 2,160 $ 1,914 $ 1,847 Net sales per AutoZone store average square foot $ 363 $ 349 $ 325 $ 288 $ 279 Total employees at end of year (in thousands) 119 112 105 100 96 Inventory turnover (8) 1.5x 1.5x 1.5x 1.3x 1.3x Accounts payable to inventory ratio 124.9 % 129.5 % 129.6 % 115.3 % 112.6 % After-tax return on invested capital (9) 55.4 % 52.9 % 41.0 % 35.7 % 35.7 % Adjusted debt to EBITDAR (10) 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.4 2.5 Net cash provided by operating activities (in thousands) (4) $ 2,940,788 $ 3,211,135 $ 3,518,543 $ 2,720,108 $ 2,128,513 Cash flow before share repurchases and changes in debt (in thousands) (11) $ 2,156,026 $ 2,599,636 $ 3,048,841 $ 2,185,418 $ 1,758,672 Share repurchases (in thousands) (7) $ 3,723,289 $ 4,359,991 $ 3,378,321 $ 930,903 $ 2,004,896 Number of shares repurchased (in thousands) (7) 1,524 2,220 2,592 826 2,182 29 Table of Contents (1) The 52 weeks ended August 28, 2021 and August 29, 2020 were negatively impacted by pandemic related expenses, including Emergency Time-Off of approximately $43.0 million (pre-tax) and $83.9 million (pre-tax), respectively.
The table below outlines the calculation of rent expense and reconciles rent expense to total lease cost, per ASC 842, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, for the 52 weeks ended, August 27, 2022, August 28, 2021 and August 29, 2020. For the year ended (in thousands) August 27, 2022 August 28, 2021 August 29, 2020 Total lease cost, per ASC 842 $ 470,563 $ 427,443 $ 415,505 Less: Finance lease interest and amortization (69,564) (56,334) (60,275) Less: Variable operating lease components, related to insurance and common area maintenance (27,721) (25,729) (25,447) Rent expense $ 373,278 $ 345,380 $ 329,783 (4) For fiscal 2022, 2021, and 2020, the effective tax rate was 21.1%, 21.1%, and 21.8%, respectively.
The table below outlines the calculation of rent expense and reconciles rent expense to total lease cost, per ASC 842, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, for the 52 weeks ended, August 26, 2023, August 27, 2022 and August 28, 2021. For the year ended (in thousands) August 26, 2023 August 27, 2022 August 28, 2021 August 29, 2020 Total lease cost, per ASC 842 $ 524,283 $ 470,563 $ 427,443 $ 415,505 Less: Finance lease interest and amortization (86,521) (69,564) (56,334) (60,275) Less: Variable operating lease components, related to insurance and common area maintenance (31,364) (27,721) (25,729) (25,447) Rent expense $ 406,398 $ 373,278 $ 345,380 $ 329,783 (3) For fiscal 2023, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the effective tax rate was 20.2%, 21.1%, 21.1% and 21.8%, respectively.
Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measure: Cash Flow Before Share Repurchases and Changes in Debt The following table reconciles net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents to cash flow before share repurchases and changes in debt, which is presented in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”: Fiscal Year Ended August (in thousands) 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Net cash provided by/(used in): Operating activities $ 3,211,135 $ 3,518,543 $ 2,720,108 $ 2,128,513 $ 2,080,292 Investing activities (648,099) (601,778) (497,875) (491,846) (521,860) Financing activities (3,470,497) (3,500,417) (643,636) (1,674,088) (1,632,154) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash 506 4,172 (4,082) (4,103) (1,724) Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents (906,955) (579,480) 1,574,515 (41,524) (75,446) Less: increase/(decrease) in debt, excluding deferred financing costs 853,400 (250,000) 320,000 204,700 (79,800) Plus: Share repurchases 4,359,991 3,378,321 930,903 (1) 2,004,896 1,592,013 Cash flow before share repurchases and changes in debt $ 2,599,636 $ 3,048,841 $ 2,185,418 $ 1,758,672 $ 1,596,367 (1) During the third quarter of fiscal 2020, the Company temporarily suspended share repurchases under the share repurchase program in response to COVID-19. 36 Table of Contents Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measure: Adjusted After-tax ROIC The following table calculates the percentage of ROIC.
Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measure: Cash Flow Before Share Repurchases and Changes in Debt The following table reconciles net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents to cash flow before share repurchases and changes in debt, which is presented in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”: Fiscal Year Ended August (in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Net cash provided by/(used in): Operating activities $ 2,940,788 $ 3,211,135 $ 3,518,543 $ 2,720,108 $ 2,128,513 Investing activities (876,178) (648,099) (601,778) (497,875) (491,846) Financing activities (2,060,082) (3,470,497) (3,500,417) (643,636) (1,674,088) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash 8,146 506 4,172 (4,082) (4,103) Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents 12,674 (906,955) (579,480) 1,574,515 (41,524) Less: increase/(decrease) in debt, excluding deferred financing costs 1,556,200 853,400 (250,000) 320,000 204,700 Plus: Share repurchases 3,699,552 4,359,991 3,378,321 930,903 (1) 2,004,896 Cash flow before share repurchases and changes in debt $ 2,156,026 $ 2,599,636 $ 3,048,841 $ 2,185,418 $ 1,758,672 (1) During the third quarter of fiscal 2020, the Company temporarily suspended share repurchases under the share repurchase program in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. 37 Table of Contents Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measure: Adjusted After-tax ROIC The following table calculates the percentage of ROIC.
The ROIC percentages are presented in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”: Fiscal Year Ended August (in thousands, except percentage) 2022 2021 2020 2019 (1) 2018 (2) Net income $ 2,429,604 $ 2,170,314 $ 1,732,972 $ 1,617,221 $ 1,337,536 Adjustments: Impairment before tax — — — — 193,162 Pension termination charges before tax — — — — 130,263 Interest expense 191,638 195,337 201,165 184,804 174,527 Rent expense (3) 373,278 345,380 329,783 332,726 315,580 Tax effect (4) (119,197) (114,091) (115,747) (105,576) (211,806) Deferred tax liabilities, net of repatriation tax (5) — — — (6,340) (132,113) Adjusted after-tax return $ 2,875,323 $ 2,596,940 $ 2,148,173 $ 2,022,835 $ 1,807,149 Average debt (6) $ 5,712,301 $ 5,416,471 $ 5,375,356 $ 5,126,286 $ 5,013,678 Average stockholders’ deficit (6) (2,797,181) (1,397,892) (1,542,355) (1,615,339) (1,433,196) Add: Rent x 6 (3)(7) 2,239,668 2,072,280 1,978,696 1,996,358 1,893,480 Average finance lease liabilities (6) 284,453 237,267 203,998 162,591 156,198 Invested capital $ 5,439,241 $ 6,328,126 $ 6,015,695 $ 5,669,896 $ 5,630,160 Adjusted after-tax ROIC 52.9 % 41.0 % 35.7 % 35.7 % 32.1 % Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measure: Adjusted Debt to EBITDAR The following table calculates the ratio of adjusted debt to EBITDAR.
The ROIC percentages are presented in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”: Fiscal Year Ended August (in thousands, except percentage) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 (1) Net income $ 2,528,426 $ 2,429,604 $ 2,170,314 $ 1,732,972 $ 1,617,221 Adjustments: Interest expense 306,372 191,638 195,337 201,165 184,804 Rent expense (2) 406,398 373,278 345,380 329,783 332,726 Tax effect (3) (143,980) (119,197) (114,091) (115,747) (105,576) Deferred tax liabilities, net of repatriation tax (4) — — — — (6,340) Adjusted after-tax return $ 3,097,216 $ 2,875,323 $ 2,596,940 $ 2,148,173 $ 2,022,835 Average debt (5) $ 6,900,354 $ 5,712,301 $ 5,416,471 $ 5,375,356 $ 5,126,286 Average stockholders’ deficit (5) (4,042,495) (2,797,181) (1,397,892) (1,542,355) (1,615,339) Add: Rent x 6 (2)(6) 2,438,388 2,239,668 2,072,280 1,978,696 1,996,358 Average finance lease liabilities (5) 296,599 284,453 237,267 203,998 162,591 Invested capital $ 5,592,846 $ 5,439,241 $ 6,328,126 $ 6,015,695 $ 5,669,896 Adjusted after-tax ROIC 55.4 % 52.9 % 41.0 % 35.7 % 35.7 % Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measure: Adjusted Debt to EBITDAR The following table calculates the ratio of adjusted debt to EBITDAR.
The adjusted debt to EBITDAR ratios are presented in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”: Fiscal Year Ended August (in thousands, except ratio) 2022 2021 2020 2019 (1) 2018 (2) Net income $ 2,429,604 $ 2,170,314 $ 1,732,972 $ 1,617,221 $ 1,337,536 Add: Impairment before tax — — — — 193,162 Pension termination charges before tax — — — — 130,263 Add: Interest expense 191,638 195,337 201,165 184,804 174,527 Income tax expense 649,487 578,876 483,542 414,112 298,793 EBIT 3,270,729 2,944,527 2,417,679 2,216,137 2,134,281 Add: Depreciation and amortization expense 442,223 407,683 397,466 369,957 345,084 Rent expense (1) 373,278 345,380 329,783 332,726 315,580 Share-based expense 70,612 56,112 44,835 43,255 43,674 EBITDAR $ 4,156,842 $ 3,753,702 $ 3,189,763 $ 2,962,075 $ 2,838,619 Debt $ 6,122,092 $ 5,269,820 $ 5,513,371 $ 5,206,344 $ 5,005,930 Financing lease liabilities 310,305 276,054 223,353 179,905 154,303 Add: Rent x 6 (3)(7) 2,239,668 2,072,280 1,978,696 1,996,358 1,893,480 Adjusted debt $ 8,672,065 $ 7,618,154 $ 7,715,420 $ 7,382,607 $ 7,053,713 Adjusted debt to EBITDAR 2.1 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.5 37 Table of Contents (1) The fiscal year ended August 31, 2019 consisted of 53 weeks.
The adjusted debt to EBITDAR ratios are presented in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”: Fiscal Year Ended August (in thousands, except ratio) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 (1) Net income $ 2,528,426 $ 2,429,604 $ 2,170,314 $ 1,732,972 $ 1,617,221 Add: Interest expense 306,372 191,638 195,337 201,165 184,804 Income tax expense 639,188 649,487 578,876 483,542 414,112 EBIT 3,473,986 3,270,729 2,944,527 2,417,679 2,216,137 Add: Depreciation and amortization expense 497,577 442,223 407,683 397,466 369,957 Rent expense (2) 406,398 373,278 345,380 329,783 332,726 Share-based expense 93,087 70,612 56,112 44,835 43,255 EBITDAR $ 4,471,048 $ 4,156,842 $ 3,753,702 $ 3,189,763 $ 2,962,075 Debt $ 7,668,549 $ 6,122,092 $ 5,269,820 $ 5,513,371 $ 5,206,344 Financing lease liabilities 287,618 310,305 276,054 223,353 179,905 Add: Rent x 6 (2)(6) 2,438,388 2,239,668 2,072,280 1,978,696 1,996,358 Adjusted debt $ 10,394,555 $ 8,672,065 $ 7,618,154 $ 7,715,420 $ 7,382,607 Adjusted debt to EBITDAR 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.4 2.5 38 Table of Contents (1) The fiscal year ended August 31, 2019 consisted of 53 weeks.