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Side-by-side financial comparison of AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS INC (AXL) and CONSTELLIUM SE (CSTM). Click either name above to swap in a different company.
CONSTELLIUM SE is the larger business by last-quarter revenue ($2.2B vs $1.4B, roughly 1.6× AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS INC). CONSTELLIUM SE runs the higher net margin — 5.1% vs -5.4%, a 10.5% gap on every dollar of revenue. CONSTELLIUM SE produced more free cash flow last quarter ($109.0M vs $54.7M).
American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc. (AAM), headquartered in Detroit, Michigan, is an American manufacturer of automobile driveline and drivetrain components and systems.
Constellium SE is an American-Swiss, French-based global manufacturer of aluminium rolled products, extruded products, and structural parts based on a large variety of advanced alloys. Constellium's C-TEC research center has been credited for advancing technology in the field of advanced aluminium alloy. Constellium primarily serves the aerospace, automotive, and packaging sectors. Large clients include Mercedes-Benz, Audi, BMW, Fiat Chrysler Automotive, Ford, Airbus, Boeing, and Bombardier.
AXL vs CSTM — Head-to-Head
Income Statement — Q4 FY2025 vs Q4 FY2025
| Metric | | |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue | $1.4B | $2.2B |
| Net Profit | $-75.3M | $112.0M |
| Gross Margin | 10.2% | — |
| Operating Margin | -2.4% | 7.5% |
| Net Margin | -5.4% | 5.1% |
| Revenue YoY | 0.2% | — |
| Net Profit YoY | -449.6% | — |
| EPS (diluted) | $-0.62 | $0.79 |
Green = leading value per metric. Periods may differ when fiscal calendars don't align.
8-Quarter Revenue & Profit Trend
Side-by-side quarterly history. Quarters aligned by calendar period so offset fiscal years line up.
| Q4 25 | $1.4B | $2.2B | ||
| Q3 25 | $1.5B | $2.2B | ||
| Q2 25 | $1.5B | $2.1B | ||
| Q1 25 | $1.4B | $2.0B | ||
| Q4 24 | $1.4B | — | ||
| Q3 24 | $1.5B | — | ||
| Q2 24 | $1.6B | $1.9B | ||
| Q1 24 | $1.6B | — |
| Q4 25 | $-75.3M | $112.0M | ||
| Q3 25 | $9.2M | $88.0M | ||
| Q2 25 | $39.3M | $36.0M | ||
| Q1 25 | $7.1M | $37.0M | ||
| Q4 24 | $-13.7M | — | ||
| Q3 24 | $10.0M | — | ||
| Q2 24 | $18.2M | $76.0M | ||
| Q1 24 | $20.5M | — |
| Q4 25 | 10.2% | — | ||
| Q3 25 | 12.6% | — | ||
| Q2 25 | 13.1% | — | ||
| Q1 25 | 12.3% | — | ||
| Q4 24 | 11.2% | — | ||
| Q3 24 | 11.4% | — | ||
| Q2 24 | 13.3% | — | ||
| Q1 24 | 12.4% | — |
| Q4 25 | -2.4% | 7.5% | ||
| Q3 25 | 3.2% | 5.8% | ||
| Q2 25 | 3.6% | 2.7% | ||
| Q1 25 | 3.0% | 3.1% | ||
| Q4 24 | 2.6% | — | ||
| Q3 24 | 2.8% | — | ||
| Q2 24 | 5.3% | 5.4% | ||
| Q1 24 | 4.8% | — |
| Q4 25 | -5.4% | 5.1% | ||
| Q3 25 | 0.6% | 4.1% | ||
| Q2 25 | 2.6% | 1.7% | ||
| Q1 25 | 0.5% | 1.9% | ||
| Q4 24 | -1.0% | — | ||
| Q3 24 | 0.7% | — | ||
| Q2 24 | 1.1% | 3.9% | ||
| Q1 24 | 1.3% | — |
| Q4 25 | $-0.62 | $0.79 | ||
| Q3 25 | $0.07 | $0.62 | ||
| Q2 25 | $0.32 | $0.25 | ||
| Q1 25 | $0.06 | $0.26 | ||
| Q4 24 | $-0.11 | — | ||
| Q3 24 | $0.08 | — | ||
| Q2 24 | $0.15 | $0.51 | ||
| Q1 24 | $0.17 | — |
Balance Sheet & Financial Strength
Snapshot of each company's liquidity, leverage and book value from the latest quarter.
| Metric | | |
|---|---|---|
| Cash + ST InvestmentsLiquidity on hand | $708.9M | $120.0M |
| Total DebtLower is stronger | $4.0B | $1.9B |
| Stockholders' EquityBook value | $640.0M | $952.0M |
| Total Assets | $6.7B | $5.4B |
| Debt / EquityLower = less leverage | 6.31× | 2.00× |
8-quarter trend — quarters aligned by calendar period.
| Q4 25 | $708.9M | $120.0M | ||
| Q3 25 | $714.1M | $122.0M | ||
| Q2 25 | $586.5M | $133.0M | ||
| Q1 25 | $549.2M | $118.0M | ||
| Q4 24 | $552.9M | — | ||
| Q3 24 | $542.5M | — | ||
| Q2 24 | $519.9M | — | ||
| Q1 24 | $469.8M | — |
| Q4 25 | $4.0B | $1.9B | ||
| Q3 25 | $2.6B | $2.0B | ||
| Q2 25 | $2.6B | $2.0B | ||
| Q1 25 | $2.6B | $1.9B | ||
| Q4 24 | $2.6B | — | ||
| Q3 24 | $2.6B | — | ||
| Q2 24 | $2.7B | — | ||
| Q1 24 | $2.7B | — |
| Q4 25 | $640.0M | $952.0M | ||
| Q3 25 | $718.4M | $845.0M | ||
| Q2 25 | $673.0M | $780.0M | ||
| Q1 25 | $596.3M | $745.0M | ||
| Q4 24 | $562.8M | — | ||
| Q3 24 | $616.3M | — | ||
| Q2 24 | $609.6M | $796.0M | ||
| Q1 24 | $621.4M | — |
| Q4 25 | $6.7B | $5.4B | ||
| Q3 25 | $5.3B | $5.4B | ||
| Q2 25 | $5.3B | $5.4B | ||
| Q1 25 | $5.1B | $5.2B | ||
| Q4 24 | $5.1B | — | ||
| Q3 24 | $5.3B | — | ||
| Q2 24 | $5.3B | — | ||
| Q1 24 | $5.4B | — |
| Q4 25 | 6.31× | 2.00× | ||
| Q3 25 | 3.61× | 2.34× | ||
| Q2 25 | 3.86× | 2.53× | ||
| Q1 25 | 4.38× | 2.56× | ||
| Q4 24 | 4.58× | — | ||
| Q3 24 | 4.28× | — | ||
| Q2 24 | 4.42× | — | ||
| Q1 24 | 4.40× | — |
Cash Flow & Capital Efficiency
How much cash each business actually produces after reinvestment. Cash flow is harder to manipulate than net income.
| Metric | | |
|---|---|---|
| Operating Cash FlowLast quarter | $120.5M | $218.0M |
| Free Cash FlowOCF − Capex | $54.7M | $109.0M |
| FCF MarginFCF / Revenue | 4.0% | 5.0% |
| Capex IntensityCapex / Revenue | 4.8% | 5.0% |
| Cash ConversionOCF / Net Profit | — | 1.95× |
| TTM Free Cash FlowTrailing 4 quarters | $155.1M | $159.0M |
8-quarter trend — quarters aligned by calendar period.
| Q4 25 | $120.5M | $218.0M | ||
| Q3 25 | $143.3M | $99.0M | ||
| Q2 25 | $91.9M | $114.0M | ||
| Q1 25 | $55.9M | $58.0M | ||
| Q4 24 | $151.2M | — | ||
| Q3 24 | $143.6M | — | ||
| Q2 24 | $142.8M | $138.0M | ||
| Q1 24 | $17.8M | — |
| Q4 25 | $54.7M | $109.0M | ||
| Q3 25 | $79.2M | $24.0M | ||
| Q2 25 | $34.6M | $37.0M | ||
| Q1 25 | $-13.4M | $-11.0M | ||
| Q4 24 | $73.2M | — | ||
| Q3 24 | $70.4M | — | ||
| Q2 24 | $94.0M | $54.0M | ||
| Q1 24 | $-30.2M | — |
| Q4 25 | 4.0% | 5.0% | ||
| Q3 25 | 5.3% | 1.1% | ||
| Q2 25 | 2.3% | 1.8% | ||
| Q1 25 | -0.9% | -0.6% | ||
| Q4 24 | 5.3% | — | ||
| Q3 24 | 4.7% | — | ||
| Q2 24 | 5.8% | 2.8% | ||
| Q1 24 | -1.9% | — |
| Q4 25 | 4.8% | 5.0% | ||
| Q3 25 | 4.3% | 3.5% | ||
| Q2 25 | 3.7% | 3.7% | ||
| Q1 25 | 4.9% | 3.5% | ||
| Q4 24 | 5.6% | — | ||
| Q3 24 | 4.9% | — | ||
| Q2 24 | 3.0% | 4.3% | ||
| Q1 24 | 3.0% | — |
| Q4 25 | — | 1.95× | ||
| Q3 25 | 15.58× | 1.13× | ||
| Q2 25 | 2.34× | 3.17× | ||
| Q1 25 | 7.87× | 1.57× | ||
| Q4 24 | — | — | ||
| Q3 24 | 14.36× | — | ||
| Q2 24 | 7.85× | 1.82× | ||
| Q1 24 | 0.87× | — |
Financial Flow Comparison
Revenue → gross profit → operating profit → net profit for each company.
Revenue Breakdown by Segment
AXL
| Driveline | $748.4M | 54% |
| Other | $345.7M | 25% |
| Metal Forming | $289.8M | 21% |
CSTM
| Packaging Rolled Products | $1.0B | 46% |
| Automotive Rolled Products | $318.0M | 14% |
| Aerospace Rolled Products | $270.0M | 12% |
| Transportation Industry Defense And Other Rolled Products | $232.0M | 11% |
| Automotive Extruded Products | $220.0M | 10% |
| Other Extruded Products | $132.0M | 6% |
| Specialty And Other Thin Rolled Products | $22.0M | 1% |
