Biggest changeBecause of the uncertainty of the realization of the deferred tax assets, we have a full valuation allowance for domestic net deferred tax assets, including net operating loss carryforwards. 73 Results of Operations The following table sets forth our consolidated statements of operations data for the periods indicated: Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 (in thousands) Revenue $ 142,117 $ 115,871 Cost of revenue (1) 53,276 49,372 Gross profit 88,841 66,499 Operating expenses: Sales and marketing (1) 65,378 58,244 Research and development (1) 30,714 27,009 General and administrative (1) 42,453 31,637 Total operating expenses 138,545 116,890 Loss from operations (49,704) (50,391) Other income (expense): Interest expense (1,441) (1,184) Other income (expense), net 1,511 (55) Loss before income taxes (49,634) (51,630) Provision for income taxes (104) (60) Net loss $ (49,738) $ (51,690) ______________ (1) Includes stock-based compensation expense as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 (in thousands) Cost of revenue $ 723 $ 526 Sales and marketing 3,436 1,962 Research and development 4,576 3,545 General and administrative 10,017 8,058 Total stock-based compensation $ 18,752 $ 14,091 Stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 included zero and $3.4 million, respectively, of compensation expense related to amounts paid in excess of the estimated fair value of the common stock in secondary sales of common stock.
Biggest changeBecause of the uncertainty of the realization of the deferred tax assets, we have a full valuation allowance for domestic net deferred tax assets, including net operating loss carryforwards. 70 Results of Operations The following table sets forth our consolidated statements of operations data for the periods indicated: Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 (in thousands) Revenue $ 170,468 $ 142,117 Cost of revenue (1) 54,377 53,276 Gross profit 116,091 88,841 Operating expenses: Sales and marketing (1) 70,765 65,378 Research and development (1) 34,040 30,714 General and administrative (1) 45,652 42,453 Total operating expenses 150,457 138,545 Loss from operations (34,366) (49,704) Other income (expense): Interest income 2,196 1,155 Interest expense (1,923) (1,441) Other income (expense), net 3,322 356 Loss before income taxes (30,771) (49,634) Provision for income taxes (260) (104) Net loss $ (31,031) $ (49,738) ______________ (1) Includes stock-based compensation expense as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 (in thousands) Cost of revenue $ 971 $ 723 Sales and marketing 4,233 3,436 Research and development 5,590 4,576 General and administrative 12,029 10,017 Total stock-based compensation $ 22,823 $ 18,752 See Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further details. 71 The following table sets forth our consolidated statements of operations data expressed as a percentage of revenue for the periods indicated: Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 (percentage of total revenue) Revenue 100 % 100 % Cost of revenue 32 37 Gross profit 68 63 Operating expenses: Sales and marketing 42 46 Research and development 20 22 General and administrative 27 30 Total operating expenses 88 97 Loss from operations (20) (35) Other income (expense): Interest income 1 1 Interest expense (1) (1) Other income (expense), net 2 — Loss before income taxes (18) (35) Provision for income taxes — — Net loss (18) % (35) % Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 Revenue Year Ended December 31, Change 2023 2022 Amount Percentage (dollars in thousands) Revenue $ 170,468 $ 142,117 $ 28,351 20 % Revenue increased by $28.4 million, or 20%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022.
In addition, we provide recurring payment processing services through Weave Payments and derive revenue on transactions between our customers that utilize Weave Payments and their end consumers. We also derive revenue associated with non-recurring installation fees for onboarding customers and from embedded leases on phone hardware.
In addition, we provide recurring payment processing services through Weave Payments and derive revenue from transactions between our customers that utilize Weave Payments and their end consumers. We also derive revenue associated with non-recurring installation fees for onboarding customers and from embedded leases on phone hardware.
Sales and Marketing Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of personnel-related expenses associated with our sales and marketing staff, including salaries, benefits, bonuses and stock-based compensation. Sales commissions paid on new subscriptions to our software, phone, and payments services are deferred and amortized over the expected period of benefit which is determined to be three years.
Sales and Marketing Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of personnel-related expenses associated with our sales and marketing staff, including salaries, benefits, sales commissions, bonuses and stock-based compensation. Sales commissions paid on new subscriptions to our software, phone, and payments services are deferred and amortized over the expected period of benefit, which is determined to be three years.
Emerging Growth Company and Smaller Reporting Company Status We are an “emerging growth company”, as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (the “JOBS Act”), and we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies.” We may take advantage of these exemptions until we are no longer an “emerging growth company.” Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period afforded by the JOBS Act for the implementation of new or revised accounting standards.
Emerging Growth Company Status We are an “emerging growth company”, as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (the “JOBS Act”), and we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies.” We may take advantage of these exemptions until we are no longer an “emerging growth company.” Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period afforded by the JOBS Act for the implementation of new or revised accounting standards.
Retain and Expand Within Our Customer Base Our ability to retain and increase revenue within our existing customer base is dependent upon a number of factors, including customer satisfaction with our platform and support, the sum total of the features and pricing of the alternative point solution patchwork, our ability to effectively enhance our platform by developing new applications and features and addressing additional use cases, and our ability to leverage and scale our core sales efforts and marketing capabilities to increase our penetration into our core specialty healthcare verticals.
Retain and Expand Within Our Customer Base 66 Our ability to retain and increase revenue within our existing customer base is dependent upon a number of factors, including customer satisfaction with our platform and support, the sum total of the features and pricing of the alternative point solution patchwork, our ability to effectively enhance our platform by developing new applications and features and addressing additional use cases, and our ability to leverage and scale our core sales efforts and marketing capabilities to increase our penetration into our core specialty healthcare verticals.
However, our cost of revenue has been and will continue to be affected by a number of factors including increased regulatory fees on texting and phone calls, the number and aging of phones provided to customers, our stock-based compensation expense, and the timing of the amortization of internal-use software development costs, which could cause it to fluctuate as a percentage of revenue in future periods.
However, our cost of revenue has been and will continue to be affected by a number of factors including increased regulatory fees on texting and phone calls, the quantity and aging of phones provided to customers, our stock-based compensation expense, and the timing of the amortization of internal-use software development costs, which could cause it to fluctuate as a percentage of revenue in future periods.
Investing Activities Cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $54.0 million, primarily due to $50.9 million in purchases of short-term investments. Additionally, we purchased $1.9 million in furniture, equipment and leasehold improvements, and capitalized $1.2 million of personnel-related costs as internal-use software development.
Additionally, we purchased $1.7 million in furniture, equipment and leasehold improvements, and capitalized $2.0 million of personnel-related costs as internal-use software development. Cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $54.0 million, primarily due to $50.9 million in purchases of short-term investments.
In short, our ability to add new SMB customers is dependent on the features and functionality we add to our platform for small businesses, particularly in our core specialty healthcare verticals. The depth of our platform’s functionality is dependent upon both our internally-developed technology and our platform partnerships and 68 integrations.
In short, our ability to add new SMB customers is dependent on the features and functionality we add to our platform for small businesses, particularly in our core specialty healthcare verticals. The depth of our platform’s functionality is dependent upon both our internally-developed technology and our platform partnerships and integrations.
Supplemental Financial Information — Disaggregated Revenue and Cost of Revenue 66 To supplement our discussion of our consolidated results of operations, we have separated our revenue and cost of revenue into recurring and non-recurring categories to disaggregate revenue and costs of revenue that are one-time in nature from those that are term-based and renewable.
Supplemental Financial Information — Disaggregated Revenue and Cost of Revenue To supplement our discussion of our consolidated results of operations, we have separated our revenue and cost of revenue into recurring and non-recurring categories to disaggregate revenue and costs of revenue that are one-time in nature from those that are term-based and renewable.
This amended agreement includes financial covenants requiring that, at any time, if our total unrestricted cash and cash equivalents at SVB, plus our short-term investments managed by SVB, is less than $100.0 million, we must at all times thereafter maintain a consolidated minimum $20.0 million in liquidity, meaning unencumbered cash plus available borrowing on the line of credit, and that we meet specified minimum levels of EBITDA, as adjusted for stock-based compensation and changes in our deferred revenue.
This agreement includes financial covenants requiring that, at any time, if our total unrestricted cash and cash equivalents held at SVB, plus our short-term investments managed by SVB, is less than $100.0 million, we must at all times thereafter maintain a consolidated minimum $20.0 million in liquidity, meaning unencumbered cash and short-term investments plus available borrowing on the line of credit, and that we meet specified minimum levels of EBITDA, as adjusted for stock-based compensation and changes in our deferred revenue.
Our first RSU grants were made effective November 12, 2021 in connection with the IPO and, as such, prior to the IPO we had not recognized stock-based compensation on RSUs.
Our first RSU grants were made 78 effective November 12, 2021 in connection with our IPO and, as such, prior to the IPO we had not recognized stock-based compensation on RSUs.
In this Annual Report on Form 10-K, unless otherwise specified or the context otherwise requires, “Weave,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Weave Communications, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. We have elected to omit discussion on the earliest of the three years presented in the Consolidated Financial Statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
In this Annual Report on Form 10-K, unless otherwise specified or the context otherwise requires, “Weave,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Weave Communications, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. 64 We have elected to omit discussion of the earliest of the three years presented in the Consolidated Financial Statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
We evaluate the likelihood of any future benefit of deferred tax assets and, based on that evaluation, record a valuation allowance if we determine that a portion of that benefit will not be realized. Our valuation allowance is based on management’s judgement and estimates of future business performance and taxes to be paid.
We evaluate the likelihood of any future benefit of deferred tax assets and, based on that evaluation, record a valuation allowance if we determine that a portion of that benefit will not be realized. Our valuation allowance is based on management’s judgment and estimates of future business performance and taxes to be paid.
The associated costs, which primarily represent depreciation expense on phones financed under capital lease arrangements, are incurred over the useful lives of the phones. We consider the net costs of onboarding and hardware, in addition to our sales and marketing activities, to be core elements of our customer acquisition approach.
The associated costs, which primarily represent depreciation expense on phones financed under finance lease arrangements, are incurred over the useful lives of the phone hardware. We consider the net costs of onboarding and hardware, in addition to our sales and marketing activities, to be core elements of our customer acquisition approach.
We have not incurred any costs as a result of such indemnification obligations historically and have not accrued any liabilities related to such obligations in our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2022.
We have not incurred any costs as a result of such indemnification obligations historically and have not accrued any liabilities related to such obligations in our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2023.
For retention rate calculations, we use adjusted monthly revenue, or AMR, which is calculated for each location as the sum of (i) the subscription component of revenue for each month and (ii) the average of the trailing-three-month recurring payments revenue.
For retention rate calculations, we use adjusted monthly revenue (“AMR”), which is calculated for each location as the sum of (i) the subscription component of revenue for each month and (ii) the average of the trailing-three-month recurring payments revenue.
Dollar-Based Net Retention Rate We believe our dollar-based net retention rate, or NRR, provides insight into our ability to retain and grow revenue from our customer locations, as well as their potential long-term value to us.
Dollar-Based Net Retention Rate We believe our dollar-based net retention rate (“NRR”) provides insight into our ability to retain and grow revenue from our customer locations, as well as their potential long-term value to us.
Actual results could differ and may materially impact our financial statements in future periods. Contractual Obligations and Commitments Refer to the notes to our consolidated financial statements within Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more details on contractual obligations.
Actual results could differ and may materially impact our financial statements in future periods. Contractual Obligations and Commitments Refer to the notes to our consolidated financial statements within “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more details on contractual obligations.
The deployment of the Weave phone system at each of our customers increases stickiness and customer loyalty. Historically, our subscriptions have provided our new customers with immediate access to the majority of our products and functionality.
The deployment of the Weave phone system as part of the platform at each of our customers increases stickiness and customer loyalty. Historically, our subscriptions have provided our new customers with immediate access to the majority of our products and functionality.
Expand to New Industry Verticals We believe we have built a flexible platform that encompasses the majority of the functionality needed for communications and engagement across industry verticals, and we have developed a repeatable playbook for assessing new industry verticals.
Expand to New Industry Verticals We believe we have built a flexible platform that encompasses the majority of the functionality needed for customer experience and engagement across industry verticals, and we have developed a repeatable playbook for assessing new industry verticals.
We believe our disaggregated revenue and cost of revenue financial data, particularly our subscription and payment processing gross margin, provide insight into the impact of customer retention on overall gross margin improvement. Our subscription and payment processing gross margin was 74% and 73% for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
We believe our disaggregated revenue and cost of revenue financial data, particularly our subscription and payment processing gross margin, provide insight into the impact of customer retention on overall gross margin improvement. Our subscription and payment processing gross margin was 77% and 74% for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.
Historically, our go-to-market strategy focused on increasing the number of locations with most of our customers having a single location; however, we have introduced multi-office functionality to our platform to allow us to better service organizations with multiple locations.
Historically, our go-to-market strategy focused on increasing the number of locations with most of our customers having a single location; however, we now provide multi-office functionality on our platform to allow us to better service organizations with multiple locations.
We may take advantage of these exemptions up until the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of our initial public offering or such earlier time that we are no longer an emerging growth company.
We may take advantage of these exemptions up until the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of our IPO or such earlier time that we are no longer an emerging growth company.
These amounts were partially offset by a $6.6 million increase in deferred revenue due to our prepay arrangements with our customers, an increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $2.1 million, and an increase in deferred rent of $4.3 million.
These amounts were partially offset by a $4.9 million increase in accrued liabilities, $4.8 million increase in deferred revenue due to our prepay arrangements with our customers, and an increase of $1.3 million to accounts payable.
For example, as free cash flow has been negative, we have needed to access cash reserves or other sources of capital for these investments. Adjusted EBITDA EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest expense, provision for income taxes, depreciation, and amortization.
For example, as free cash flow has in the past been negative, we have needed to access cash reserves or other sources of capital for these investments. Adjusted EBITDA We define EBITDA as earnings before interest expense, interest income, other income/expense, provision for income taxes, depreciation, and amortization.
As of December 31, 2022, we had more than 27,000 customers in the United States and Canada, spanning organizations across our end markets, and 25,000 customer locations under subscription.
As of December 31, 2023, we had more than 28,000 customers in the United States and Canada, spanning organizations across our end markets, and more than 31,000 customer locations under subscription.
Attract New Customers Our ability to attract new customers is dependent upon a number of factors, including the effectiveness of our pricing and products, the sum total of the features and pricing of the alternative point solution patchwork, the effectiveness of our marketing efforts, the effectiveness of our channel partners in selling and marketing our platform and the growth of the market for SMB communications and engagement.
Attract New Customers Our ability to attract new customers is dependent upon a number of factors, including the effectiveness of our pricing and products, the sum total of the features and pricing of the alternative point solution patchwork, the effectiveness of our marketing efforts, the effectiveness of our channel partners in selling and marketing our platform and the growth of the market for a customer experience and payments software platform.
To calculate our GRR, we first identify the Base Locations that were under subscription in the Base Month. We then calculate the effect of reductions in revenue from customer location terminations by measuring the amount of AMR in the Base Month for Base Locations still under subscription twelve months subsequent to the Base Month, or Remaining AMR.
We then calculate the effect of reductions in revenue from customer location terminations by measuring the amount of AMR in the Base Month for Base Locations still under subscription twelve months subsequent to the Base Month, or Remaining AMR.
GAAP financial measures and the reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures and to not rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.
GAAP financial measures and the reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures and to not rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business. 75 Free Cash Flow and Free Cash Flow Margin U.S.
December 31, 2022 2021 Number of locations (at period end) 27,193 23,831 Dollar-based net retention rate 99 % 103 % Dollar-based gross retention rate 94 % 94 % Number of Customer Locations We believe the number of customer locations for each year provides us an indicator of our market penetration, the growth of our business and our potential future business opportunities.
December 31, 2023 2022 Number of locations (at period end) 31,002 27,193 Dollar-based net retention rate 95 % 99 % Dollar-based gross retention rate 92 % 94 % 67 Number of Customer Locations We believe the number of customer locations for each year provides us an indicator of our market penetration, the growth of our business and our potential future business opportunities.
On January 1, 2022, we adopted the new accounting guidance required by ASC 842 and the interest on all finance leases initiated going forward is based on the rate implicit within the lease agreement. Other Income (Expense), Net Other income consists primarily of interest income earned on our cash and cash equivalents and short term investments.
On January 1, 2022, we adopted the new accounting guidance required by ASC 842 and the interest on all finance leases initiated going forward is based on the rate implicit within the lease agreement. Other Income (Expense), Net Other income (expense), net primarily consists of gains and losses on short-term investments, foreign currency transactions, and sublease income.
Interest on borrowings is based on a floating per annum rate at specified percentages above the prime rate. Interest on finance leases initiated prior to January 1, 2022 is based on our incremental borrowing rate at the time the agreements were initiated.
Interest Expense Interest expense results primarily from interest payments on our borrowings and interest on finance lease obligations. Interest on borrowings is based on a floating per annum rate at specified percentages above the prime rate. Interest on finance leases initiated prior to January 1, 2022 is based on our incremental borrowing rate at the time the agreements were initiated.
Provision for Income Taxes Year Ended December 31, Change 2022 2021 Amount Percentage (dollars in thousands) Provision for income taxes $ (104) $ (60) $ (44) 73 % Provision for income taxes increased by an immaterial amount due to increases in operations and other expenses in our foreign jurisdictions.
Provision for Income Taxes Year Ended December 31, Change 2023 2022 Amount Percentage (dollars in thousands) Provision for income taxes $ (260) $ (104) $ (156) 150 % Provision for income taxes increased by an immaterial amount due to increases in operations and other expenses in our foreign jurisdictions.
Indirect costs included in costs of revenue include fees paid to third-party independent contractors as part of the Installation Program and personnel-related expenses, such as salaries, benefits, bonuses and stock-based compensation expense, of our onboarding and customer support staff. Cost of revenue also includes an allocation of overhead costs for facilities and shared IT-related expenses, including depreciation expense.
Indirect costs included in costs of revenue include personnel-related expenses, such as salaries, benefits, bonuses and stock-based compensation expense, of our onboarding and customer support staff. Cost of revenue also includes an allocation of overhead costs for facilities and shared IT-related expenses, including depreciation expense.
Our depreciation adjustment includes depreciation on operating fixed assets and does not include amortization of finance lease right-of-use assets on phone hardware provided to our customers. We further adjust EBITDA to exclude stock-based compensation expense, a non-cash item.
Our depreciation adjustment has included depreciation on operating fixed assets and has not included amortization of finance lease right-of-use assets on phone hardware provided to our customers. Our amortization adjustment has included the amortization of capitalized internal-use software costs. We further adjust EBITDA to exclude stock-based compensation expense, a non-cash item.
GAAP financial measures, evaluate growth trends, establish budgets and assess operating performance. These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered by the reader as substitutes for, or superior to, the financial statements and financial 77 information prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. See below for a description of these non-GAAP financial measures and their limitations as an analytical tool.
GAAP financial measures, evaluate growth trends, establish budgets and assess operating performance. These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered by the reader as substitutes for, or superior to, the financial statements and financial information prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
Liquidity and Capital Resources Since inception, we have financed operations primarily through cash generated from the sale of subscriptions to our platform, and the net proceeds of issuances of equity securities.
(2) Represents amortization of capitalized internal-use software costs. Liquidity and Capital Resources Since inception, we have financed our operations primarily through cash generated from the sale of subscriptions to our platform, and the net proceeds received from issuances of our equity securities.
Cost of Revenue and Gross Margin Year Ended December 31, Change 2022 2021 Amount Percentage (dollars in thousands) Cost of revenue $ 53,276 $ 49,372 $ 3,904 8 % Gross margin 63 % 57 % The increase in cost of revenue was due primarily to an increase of $3.6 million in personnel-related costs, particularly related to merit increases and new hires, and a $1.7 million increase in direct costs to support customer usage and growth of our customer base, including cloud infrastructure costs and fees 75 paid to application providers.
Cost of Revenue and Gross Margin Year Ended December 31, Change 2023 2022 Amount Percentage (dollars in thousands) Cost of revenue $ 54,377 $ 53,276 $ 1,101 2 % Gross margin 68 % 63 % The increase in cost of revenue was due primarily to an increase of $0.6 million in personnel-related costs, particularly related to merit increases and new hires, and a $0.5 million increase in direct costs to 72 support customer usage and growth of our customer base, including cloud infrastructure costs and fees paid to application providers.
The following table shows a summary of our cash flows for the periods presented: Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 (in thousands) Net cash used in operating activities $ (12,766) $ (20,373) Net cash used in investing activities (54,026) (9,809) Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (7,207) 110,480 Operating Activities For the year ended December 31, 2022, cash used in operating activities was $12.8 million, primarily consisting of our net loss of $49.7 million adjusted for non-cash charges of $46.8 million, and net cash outflows of $9.9 million provided by changes in our operating assets and liabilities.
The following table shows a summary of our cash flows for the periods presented: Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 (in thousands) Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $ 10,221 $ (12,766) Net cash used in investing activities (7,739) (54,026) Net cash used in financing activities (13,723) (7,207) Operating Activities For the year ended December 31, 2023, cash provided by operating activities was $10.2 million, primarily consisting of our net loss of $31.0 million adjusted for non-cash charges of $49.3 million, and net cash outflows of $8.1 million provided by changes in our operating assets and liabilities.
For stock options and ESPP, the fair value is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, and stock-based compensation is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations using the straight-line attribution method. The fair value of RSUs is based on the closing market price of our common stock on the date of the grant.
For stock options and ESPP, the fair value is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value of RSUs is based on the closing market price of our common stock on the date of the grant.
We generate revenue primarily from recurring subscription fees charged to access our software platform and phone services, including recurring hardware fees. These recurring revenues accounted for 95% and 94% of our revenue for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
We generate revenue primarily from recurring subscription fees charged to access our platform, which also include recurring hardware fees. These recurring revenues accounted for 92% and 95% of our revenue for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
These cash outflows were partially offset by $1.3 million in proceeds received from employee stock option exercises, and proceeds of $0.9 million received from our employee stock purchase plan.
We also paid $0.7 million in offering costs related to our IPO in November 2021. These cash outflows were partially offset by $1.3 million in proceeds received from employee stock option exercises, and proceeds of $0.9 million received from our employee stock purchase plan.
As and to the extent in-person events and conferences continue to return to pre-pandemic levels of activity, we expect that our marketing expenses will increase compared to 2022.
We expect that our sales and marketing expenses will increase and continue to be our largest operating expense for the foreseeable future as we grow our business. As and to the extent in-person events and conferences continue to return to pre-pandemic levels of activity, we expect that our sales and marketing expenses will continue to increase compared to 2023.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements See the sections titled “Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies—Accounting Pronouncements Adopted” and “—Accounting Pronouncements Pending Adoption” in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements for more information.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements For more information, see the sections titled “Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies—Accounting Pronouncements Adopted” and “—Accounting Pronouncements Pending Adoption” in Note 2 of our consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Following this change, our customers now directly engage with third-party independent contractors to configure hardware, install the software and assist with upgrades, for which we do not derive any revenue.
Our customers may directly engage with third-party independent contractors to configure hardware, install the software and assist with upgrades, for which we do not derive any revenue. Cost of Revenue Cost of revenue consists of costs related to providing our platform to customers and costs to support our customers.
Of the total increase, approximately $15.0 million, or 57%, was attributable to new customer locations acquired during the year ended December 31, 2022, and $11.2 million, or 43%, was attributable to existing customer locations under subscription as of December 31, 2021. Customer locations totaled 27,193 and 23,831 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Of the total increase, approximately $19.1 million, or 67%, was attributable to new customer locations acquired during the year ended December 31, 2023, and $9.2 million, or 33%, was attributable to existing customer locations under subscription as of December 31, 2022. Customer locations totaled 31,002 and 27,193 as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
In August 2021, we amended our agreement with SVB to increase the revolving line of credit from $10.0 million to $50.0 million. The total borrowing capacity is subject to reduction should we fail to meet certain metrics for recurring revenue and customer retention.
Silicon Valley Bank Credit Facility In August 2021, we established a revolving line of credit with Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”) allowing for total borrowing capacity up to $50.0 million. The borrowing capacity is subject to reduction should we fail to meet certain metrics for recurring revenue and customer retention.
Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 (dollars in thousands) Net cash used in operating activities $ (12,766) $ (20,373) Net cash used in investing activities $ (54,026) $ (9,809) Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities $ (7,207) $ 110,480 Free cash flow $ (15,893) $ (30,182) Net cash used in operating activities as a percentage of revenue (9) % (18) % Free cash flow margin (11) % (26) % Net loss $ (49,738) $ (51,690) Adjusted EBITDA $ (25,692) $ (33,271) Free Cash Flow and Free Cash Flow Margin We define free cash flow as net cash used in operating activities, less purchases of property and equipment and capitalized internal-use software costs, and free cash flow margin as free cash flow as a percentage of revenue.
Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 (dollars in thousands) Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $ 10,221 $ (12,766) Net cash used in investing activities $ (7,739) $ (54,026) Net cash used in financing activities $ (13,723) $ (7,207) Free cash flow $ 6,531 $ (15,893) Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities as a percentage of revenue 6 % (9) % Free cash flow margin 4 % (11) % Net loss $ (31,031) $ (49,738) Adjusted EBITDA $ (7,846) $ (27,203) Free Cash Flow and Free Cash Flow Margin We define free cash flow as net cash provided by (used in) operating activities, less purchases of property and equipment and capitalized internal-use software costs, and free cash flow margin as free cash flow as a percentage of revenue.
The main drivers of the changes in operating assets and liabilities were a $12.8 million increase in deferred contract costs, comprised primarily of sales commissions earned on new sales; and an increase in prepaid expenses of $4.1 million.
The drivers of the changes in operating assets and liabilities were a $13.3 million increase in deferred contract costs, comprised primarily of sales commissions earned on new sales, a $3.7 million decrease in operating lease liabilities from payments made, an increase to accounts receivable of $1.4 million, and an increase in prepaid expenses and other assets of $0.7 million.
General and Administrative Year Ended December 31, Change 2022 2021 Amount Percentage (dollars in thousands) General and administrative $ 42,453 $ 31,637 $ 10,816 34 % The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily due to a $4.3 million increase in personnel related expenses, including a $2.4 million increase in payroll costs from salary adjustments and bonuses, and a $2.0 million increase in stock-based compensation.
General and Administrative Year Ended December 31, Change 2023 2022 Amount Percentage (dollars in thousands) General and administrative $ 45,652 $ 42,453 $ 3,199 8 % The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily due to a $4.7 million increase in personnel-related expenses, particularly from additional bonus incentives, salary adjustments, and stock-based compensation.
To incentivize annual payments, we may offer pricing concessions that apply ratably over the twelve-month subscription plan. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, approximately 41% of customer locations elected annual prepayments . Subscription revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the subscription agreement. Amounts billed in excess of revenue recognized are deferred.
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, approximately 39% and 41% of customer locations elected annual prepayments, respectively. Subscription revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the subscription agreement. Amounts billed in excess of revenue recognized are deferred.
Key Business Metrics In addition to our financial information that is presented in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”), we review several operating and financial metrics, including the following key metrics to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, formulate business plans and make strategic decisions.
GAAP”), we review several operating and financial metrics, including the following key metrics to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, formulate business plans and make strategic decisions.
These amounts were partially offset by a $4.6 million increase in deferred revenue due to our prepay arrangements with our customers, and a $1.8 million increase in accrued liabilities For the year ended December 31, 2021, cash used in operating activities was $20.4 million, primarily consisting of our net loss of $51.7 million adjusted for non-cash charges of $36.0 million, and net cash outflows of $4.7 million provided by changes in our operating assets and liabilities.
These amounts were partially offset by a $4.6 million increase in deferred revenue due to our prepay arrangements with our customers, and a $1.8 million increase in accrued liabilities. Investing Activities Cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2023 was $7.7 million, primarily due to $66.2 million in purchases of short-term investments.
We have generated losses from our operations as reflected in our accumulated deficit of $231.6 million as of December 31, 2022 and negative cash flows from operating activities for the 2022, 2021, and 2020 fiscal years.
We have generated losses from our operations as reflected in our accumulated deficit of $262.7 million as of December 31, 2023 and, prior to 2023, have generated negative cash flows from operating activities.
Sales and Marketing Year Ended December 31, Change 2022 2021 Amount Percentage (dollars in thousands) Sales and marketing $ 65,378 $ 58,244 $ 7,134 12 % The increase in sales and marketing expenses was primarily attributable to an increase of $7.0 million in personnel-related expenses driven largely by compensation adjustments, including increases to salaries, sales commissions, and stock-based compensation.
Sales and Marketing Year Ended December 31, Change 2023 2022 Amount Percentage (dollars in thousands) Sales and marketing $ 70,765 $ 65,378 $ 5,387 8 % The increase in sales and marketing expenses was attributable in part to an increase of $2.1 million in personnel-related expenses, driven largely by salary and commission plan adjustments, and stock-based compensation.
Accordingly, these are the policies we believe are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our consolidated financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the following accounting policies involve a greater degree of judgment and complexity. Accordingly, these are the policies we believe are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our consolidated financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, which was filed with the SEC on March 23, 2022, for year-over-year comparisons of the results of operation between the year ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 as well as discussion of 2020 performance metrics and cash flow activity, all of which are incorporated herein by reference..
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 16, 2023, for year-over-year comparisons of the results of operation between the year ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 as well as a discussion of 2021 performance metrics and cash flow activity, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
We are required to pay 81 an annual fee of $0.13 million beginning on the effective date of the agreement, and continuing on the anniversary of the effective date.
We have made no additional draws on the line of credit since the finalization of our agreement with SVB. We are required to pay an annual fee of $0.1 million beginning on the effective date of the agreement, and continuing on the anniversary of the effective date.
Accordingly, the majority of our research and development expenses result from employee-related costs, including salaries, benefits, bonuses, stock-based compensation and costs associated with technology tools used by our engineers. We expect that our research and development expenses will increase as our business grows, particularly as we incur additional costs related to continued investments in our platform and products.
Our platform is software-driven, and its research and development teams employ software engineers in the continuous testing, certification and support of our platform and products. Accordingly, the majority of our research and development expenses result from employee-related costs, including salaries, benefits, bonuses, stock-based compensation and costs associated with technology tools used by our engineers.
We had $34.1 million of deferred revenue recorded as a current liability as of December 31, 2022. This deferred revenue will be recognized as revenue when all of the revenue recognition criteria are met.
Deferred revenue consists of the unearned portion of billed fees for our subscriptions, which is recorded as revenue over the subscription term. We had $38.9 million of deferred revenue recorded as a current liability as of December 31, 2023. This deferred revenue will be recognized as revenue when all of the revenue recognition criteria are met.
As of December 31, 2022, our principal sources of liquidity were cash held as deposits in financial institutions and cash equivalents consisting of highly liquid investments in money market securities of $62.0 million, as well as $51.3 million in other short-term investments comprised primarily of treasury and commercial paper instruments.
As of December 31, 2023, our principal sources of liquidity were cash held as deposits in financial institutions and cash equivalents consisting of highly liquid investments in money market securities of $50.8 million, as well as $58.1 million in other short-term investments comprised primarily of treasury and commercial paper instruments. 76 A substantial source of cash inflow from operating activities is our deferred revenue, which is included on our consolidated balance sheets as a liability.
We assess our liquidity primarily through our cash on hand as well as the projected timing of billings under contract with our paying customers and related collection cycles. We believe our current cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months.
We assess our liquidity primarily through our cash on hand as well as the projected timing of billings under contract with our paying customers and related collection cycles.
In connection with this transaction, we drew down an additional $6.0 million from the line of credit resulting in a total outstanding balance of $10.0 million. We have made no additional draws or repayments on the line of credit since the finalization of our agreement with SVB.
In connection with our 2021 agreement with SVB, a previously outstanding $4.0 million note payable was converted to a deemed advance on the line of credit, and we drew down an additional $6.0 million from the line of credit resulting in a total outstanding balance of $10.0 million.
The increase in other income is due to additional earnings generated on capital raised in our initial public offering, which was invested in market securities and other short-term investments, and to a lesser extent a rise in average interested rates over the period.
The increase in interest income is due to interest generated on our money market securities. The increase in other income (expense), net is largely due to realized gains on our short-term investments and, to a lesser extent, a rise in average interest rates over the period contributed to increases both interest and other income.
Our actual results could differ from these estimates. To the extent that there are differences between our estimates and actual results, our future financial statement presentation, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows will be affected.
To the extent that there are differences between our estimates and actual results, our future financial statement presentation, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows will be affected. We believe that of our significant accounting policies, which are described in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included in “Part II, Item 8.
We derive our annual NRR as of any date by taking a weighted average of the monthly net retention rates over the trailing twelve months prior to such date. 69 Dollar-Based Gross Retention Rate We believe our dollar-based gross retention rate, or GRR, provides insight into our ability to retain our customers, allowing us to evaluate whether the platform is addressing customer needs.
We derive our annual NRR as of any date by taking a weighted average of the monthly net retention rates over the trailing twelve months prior to such date.
(2) Represents amortization of capitalized internal-use software costs. Components of Results of Operations Revenue We generate revenue primarily from recurring subscription fees charged to access our software and phone services platform, and recurring embedded lease revenue on hardware provided to customers.
Components of Results of Operations Revenue We generate revenue primarily from recurring subscription fees charged to access our software and phone services platform, and recurring embedded lease revenue on hardware provided to customers. The majority of these subscription arrangements have contractual terms of month-to-month, with a small minority portion having contractual terms of 1-3 years.
We expect that our general and administrative expenses will increase in absolute dollars as our business grows but will decrease as a percentage of our revenue over time. Interest Expense Interest expense results primarily from interest payments on our borrowings and interest on finance lease obligations.
We expect that our general and administrative expenses, including expenses for insurance, investor relations and fees for professional services, will increase in absolute dollars as our business grows but will decrease as a percentage of our revenue over time. Interest Income Interest income consists primarily of interest earned on our cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments.
General and Administrative General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel-related expenses for our finance, legal, human resources, facilities and administrative personnel, including salaries, benefits, bonuses and stock-based compensation.
In addition, research and development expenses that qualify as internal-use software development costs are capitalized and the amount capitalized may fluctuate significantly from period to period. General and Administrative General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel-related expenses for our finance, legal, human resources, facilities and administrative personnel, including salaries, benefits, bonuses and stock-based compensation.
The table below sets forth the revenue and associated cost of revenue for our recurring subscription and payment processing services, as well as for our onboarding services and phone hardware: Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 (dollars in thousands) Subscription and payment processing: Revenue $ 136,592 $ 108,841 Cost of revenue (35,008) (29,452) Gross profit $ 101,584 $ 79,389 Gross margin 74 % 73 % Onboarding: Revenue $ 1,288 $ 3,687 Cost of revenue (9,612) (10,942) Gross profit $ (8,324) $ (7,255) Gross margin (646) % (197) % Hardware: Revenue $ 4,237 $ 3,343 Cost of revenue (1) (8,656) (8,978) Gross profit (1) $ (4,419) $ (5,635) Gross margin (104) % (169) % ______________ (1) Cost of revenue related to hardware represents depreciation of phone hardware over a 3-year useful life. 67 Factors Affecting Our Performance Our historical financial performance has been, and we expect our financial performance in the future to be, driven by our ability to attract new customers, retain and expand within our customer base, add new products and expand into new industry verticals.
The table below sets forth the revenue and associated cost of revenue for our recurring subscription and payment processing services, as well as for our onboarding services and phone hardware: 65 Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 (dollars in thousands) Subscription and payment processing: Revenue $ 162,715 $ 136,592 Cost of revenue (38,194) (35,008) Gross profit $ 124,521 $ 101,584 Gross margin 77 % 74 % Onboarding: Revenue $ 3,232 $ 1,288 Cost of revenue (8,710) (9,612) Gross profit $ (5,478) $ (8,324) Gross margin (169) % (646) % Hardware: Revenue $ 4,521 $ 4,237 Cost of revenue (1) (7,473) (8,656) Gross profit (1) $ (2,952) $ (4,419) Gross margin (65) % (104) % ______________ (1) Cost of revenue related to hardware represents depreciation of phone hardware over a 3-year useful life.
Research and Development Year Ended December 31, Change 2022 2021 Amount Percentage (dollars in thousands) Research and development $ 30,714 $ 27,009 $ 3,705 14 % The increase in research and development expenses was due primarily to an increase of $2.5 million in personnel-related costs largely from stock-based compensation and other salary adjustments, and a $0.4 million increase in allocated overhead as a result of increased overall costs to support the growth of our business and related infrastructure.
Research and Development Year Ended December 31, Change 2023 2022 Amount Percentage (dollars in thousands) Research and development $ 34,040 $ 30,714 $ 3,326 11 % The increase in research and development expenses was due to an increase of $3.3 million in personnel-related expenses, largely from salary adjustments and stock-based compensation, for employees enhancing our platform infrastructure and developing new product offerings.
The majority of these subscription arrangements have contractual terms of month-to-month, with a small minority portion having contractual terms of 1-3 years. Subscription and hardware fees are prepaid and customers may elect to be billed monthly or annually, with the majority of our revenue coming from those that elect to be billed monthly.
Subscription and hardware fees are prepaid and customers may elect to be billed monthly or annually, with the majority of our revenue coming from those that elect to be billed monthly. To incentivize annual payments, we may offer pricing concessions that apply ratably over the twelve-month subscription plan.
These payment transactions are generally for services rendered at customers’ business location via credit card terminals or through several card-not-present modalities, including “Text-to-Pay” functionality. As we act as an agent in these arrangements, revenue from payments services is recorded net of transaction processing fees and is recognized when the payment transactions occur.
In addition, we provide payment processing services and receive a revenue share from a third-party payment facilitator on transactions between our customers that utilize our payments platform and their 68 end consumers. These payment transactions are generally for services rendered at customers’ business location via credit card terminals or through several card-not-present modalities, including “Text-to-Pay” functionality.
However, we expect that our research and development expenses will remain fairly consistent or slightly decrease as a percentage of our revenue over time. In addition, research and development expenses that 72 qualify as internal-use software development costs are capitalized and the amount capitalized may fluctuate significantly from period to period.
We expect that our research and development expenses will increase as our business grows, particularly as we incur additional costs related to continued investments in our platform and products. However, we expect that our research and development expenses will remain fairly consistent or slightly decrease as a percentage of our revenue over time.
The preparation of our consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, costs and expenses and related disclosures. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Our estimates are based on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances.
We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Our estimates are based on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Our actual results could differ from these estimates.
We recognize 80 stock-based compensation expense over the requisite service period, which is the vesting period of the respective awards. Forfeitures are accounted for when they occur. Prior to our initial public offering, the fair value of our common stock on the date of the grant was determined based on independent third-party valuations as there was no public market.
Prior to our IPO, the fair value of our common stock on the date of the grant was determined based on independent third-party valuations as there was no public market.
Amounts outstanding on the line will accrue interest at the greater of prime rate plus 0.25% and 3.5%. As part of our agreement with SVB, the $4.0 million note payable was converted to a deemed advance on the line of credit and was deemed a debt modification.
Amounts outstanding on the line will accrue interest at the greater of prime rate plus 0.25% and 3.5%.
We also collect non-recurring installation fees for onboarding customers, the revenue for which is recognized upon completion of the installation.
As we act as an agent in these arrangements, revenue from payments services is recorded net of transaction processing fees and is recognized when the payment transactions occur. We also collect non-recurring installation fees for onboarding customers, the revenue for which is recognized upon completion of the installation.
Financing Activities Cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $7.2 million, primarily due to $8.7 million from principal payments made on finance lease obligations. We also paid $0.7 million in offering costs related to our initial public offering in November 2021.
These cash outflows were partially offset by $12.9 million in proceeds received from employee stock option exercises, and proceeds of $1.3 million received from our employee stock purchase plan. Cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $7.2 million, primarily due to $8.7 million from principal payments made on finance lease obligations.
Additionally, dues and subscription expenses increased 76 by $1.0 million, bad debt expense increased by $0.5 million, and $0.3 million increase in miscellaneous licenses, taxes and fees.
We also experienced increases of $0.5 million in miscellaneous taxes and fees, $0.4 million in bad debt expense, and $0.3 million in dues and subscription costs.