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Bausch Health Companies Inc.

Bausch Health Companies Inc.BHC财报

NYSE · 医疗保健 · 药物制剂

Bausch Health Companies Inc. is a global, diversified American-Canadian pharmaceutical company. Its global corporate headquarters are located in Laval, Quebec, Canada, and its U.S. headquarters are in Bridgewater, New Jersey. It develops, manufactures and markets a range of pharmaceutical products in gastroenterology, hepatology, neurology, dermatology, dentistry, medical aesthetics, and international pharmaceuticals. Bausch Health manufactures and markets branded pharmaceuticals, generic ph...

What changed in Bausch Health Companies Inc.'s 10-K — 2024 vs 2025

Top changes in Bausch Health Companies Inc.'s 2025 10-K

738 paragraphs added · 890 removed · 561 edited across 6 sections

Item 1. Business

Business — how the company describes what it does

83 edited+13 added−62 removed110 unchanged
We continue to believe that the B+L Separation, which may include the transfer of all or a portion of our remaining direct or indirect equity interest in Bausch + Lomb to our shareholders, the monetization of all or a portion of our ownership interest in Bausch + Lomb, or a combination thereof, makes strategic sense.
We continue to believe that the B+L Separation, which may include the monetization of all or a portion of our ownership interest in Bausch + Lomb, the transfer of all or a portion of our remaining direct or indirect equity interest in Bausch + Lomb to our shareholders, or a combination thereof, makes strategic sense.
For example, with respect to some of our largest or most significant products, the supply of the finished product for each of our Lumify ® , Vyzulta ® , SofLens ® , MIEBO ® , XIIDRA ® , Wellbutrin XL ® , Relistor ® Oral and injection, Trulance ® , Jublia ® , Aplenzin ® , Arestin ® , Bedoyecta ® and PureVision ® products are only available from a single source (either one of our internal manufacturing sites or third party manufacturers) and the supply of active pharmaceutical ingredients for each of our Lumify ® , Vyzulta ® , MIEBO ® , Preservision ® , Relistor ® Oral and injection, Trulance ® , Aplenzin ® , Arestin ® , Bedoyecta ® and Siliq ® products are also only available from a single source.
For example, with respect to some of our largest or most significant products, the supply of the finished product for each of our Lumify ® , Vyzulta ® , SofLens ® , MIEBO ® , XIIDRA ® , Wellbutrin XL ® , Relistor ® injection, Trulance ® , Jublia ® , Aplenzin ® , Arestin ® , Bedoyecta ® , Siliq ® and PureVision ® products are only available from a single source (either one of our internal manufacturing sites or third party manufacturers) and the supply of active pharmaceutical ingredients for each of our Lumify ® , Vyzulta ® , MIEBO ® , PreserVision ® , Relistor ® Oral and injection, Trulance ® , Aplenzin ® , Arestin ® , Bedoyecta ® and Siliq ® products are also only available from a single source.
Failure to submit this required information may result in significant civil monetary penalties. We are also subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”), the Canadian Corruption of Foreign Public Officials Act and similar worldwide anti-bribery laws, which generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business.
Failure to submit this required information may result in significant civil monetary penalties. We are also subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”), the Canadian Corruption of Foreign Public Officials Act (“CFPOA”) and similar worldwide anti-bribery laws, which generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business.
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis — Overview — Focus on Value and Core Businesses — Improve Patient Access” for additional discussion regarding Company programs to address the affordability and availability of our products. 14 Product Liability Insurance Since March 31, 2014, we have self-insured substantially all of our product liability risk for claims arising after that date.
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis — Overview — Focus on Value and Core Businesses — Improve Patient Access” for additional discussion regarding Company programs to address the affordability and availability of our products. Product Liability Insurance Since March 31, 2014, we have self-insured substantially all of our product liability risk for claims arising after that date.
Our principal products in this segment include: • Bedoyecta ® is a multivitamin line with Complex B vitamin that is used to obtain sufficient energy and have optimal performance during the day, by avoiding deficiencies of the nutrients that the body requires to function properly, indicated as adjuvant for diabetic patients. • Jublia ® (efinaconazole 10% topical solution) is a topical azole approved for the treatment of onychomycosis of the toenails (toenail fungus) and is commercialized in Canada. • Bisocard ® (bisoprolol fumarate) is an orally administered tablet dosed once daily for patients with hypertension, angina pectoris or heart failure and is a leading brand in Poland. • Diclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to treat mild-to-moderate pain and helps to relieve symptoms of arthritis.
Our principal products include: • Bedoyecta ® is a multivitamin line with Complex B vitamin that is used to obtain sufficient energy and have optimal performance during the day, by avoiding deficiencies of the nutrients that the body requires to function properly, indicated as adjuvant for diabetic patients. • Jublia ® (efinaconazole 10% topical solution) is a topical azole approved for the treatment of onychomycosis of the toenails (toenail fungus) and is commercialized in Canada. • Bisocard ® (bisoprolol fumarate) is an orally administered tablet dosed once daily for patients with hypertension, angina pectoris or heart failure and is a leading brand in Poland. • Diclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to treat mild-to-moderate pain and helps to relieve symptoms of arthritis.
At the state level, legislatures have increasingly passed legislation and implemented regulations designed to control pharmaceutical product pricing, including price or patient reimbursement constraints, discounts, restrictions on certain product access and marketing cost disclosure and transparency measures, and, in some cases, designed to encourage importation from other countries and bulk purchasing.
At the state level, legislatures have increasingly passed legislation and implemented regulations designed to control pharmaceutical product pricing, including price or patient reimbursement constraints, discounts, restrictions on certain product access and marketing cost disclosure and transparency measures, and, in some cases, designed to 9 encourage importation from other countries and bulk purchasing.
The PIPL is the first national-level law comprehensively regulating issues in relation to personal information protection. The PIPL 9 provides for very specific administrative requirements and security controls when transferring personal data outside the Peoples Republic of China. These transfer requirements came into effect on March 1, 2023.
The PIPL is the first national-level law comprehensively regulating issues in relation to personal information protection. The PIPL provides for very specific administrative requirements and security controls when transferring personal data outside the Peoples Republic of China. These transfer requirements came into effect on March 1, 2023.
For details regarding products that are facing generic competition, products that could potentially face generic competition, the corresponding potential revenue impact and infringement proceedings we initiated against potential generic competition, see Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Business Trends — Generic Competition and Loss of Exclusivity” of this Form 10-K.
For further details regarding products that are facing generic competition, products that could potentially face generic competition, the corresponding potential revenue impact and infringement proceedings we initiated against potential generic competition, see Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Business Trends — Generic Competition and Loss of Exclusivity” of this Form 10-K.
The United States subsequently implemented a Data Privacy Framework (DPF) program, overseen by the Department of Commerce’s International Trade Administration, which is intended to replace the Privacy Shield framework and has been recognized with an adequacy decision by the European Commission. Bausch Health has self-certified and is a participant in the DPF program.
The United States subsequently implemented a Data Privacy Framework (“DPF”) program, overseen by the Department of Commerce’s International Trade Administration, which is intended to replace the Privacy Shield framework and has been recognized with an adequacy decision by the European Commission. Bausch Health has self-certified and is a participant in the DPF program.
The remaining pharmaceutical entity will comprise a diversified portfolio of our brands across the Salix, International, dentistry, neurology, medical dermatology and generics, and aesthetic medical devices businesses; and • Bausch + Lomb - a fully integrated eye health company built on the iconic Bausch + Lomb brand and its long history of innovation.
The remaining pharmaceutical entity will comprise a diversified portfolio of our brands across the Salix, International, dentistry, neurology, medical dermatology and generics, and aesthetic medical devices businesses; and 1 • Bausch + Lomb - a fully integrated eye health company built on the iconic Bausch + Lomb brand and its long history of innovation.
In the U.S., the E.U. and other significant or potentially significant markets for our products and product candidates, government authorities and third-party payors are increasingly attempting to limit or regulate the price of medical products and services, which has resulted in lower average realized prices.
In the U.S., the E.U. and other significant or potentially significant markets for 8 our products and product candidates, government authorities and third-party payors are increasingly attempting to limit or regulate the price of medical products and services, which has resulted in lower average realized prices.
Bausch Health is committed to improving access to medications through our patient assistance programs. The purpose of the Bausch Health Patient Assistance Program is to provide eligible patients in the U.S. with certain of our prescription products where their financial circumstances or insurance status would otherwise interfere with their ability to access such products.
Bausch Health is committed to improving access to medications through our patient assistance program. The purpose of the Bausch Health Patient Assistance Program is to provide eligible patients in the U.S. with certain of our prescription products where their financial circumstances or insurance status would otherwise interfere with their ability to access such products.
The B+L Separation, if consummated, will result in two separate, independent companies: • Bausch Health excluding Bausch + Lomb - a diversified pharmaceutical company with leading positions in gastroenterology, hepatology, dermatology, neurology and international pharmaceuticals, and aesthetic medical 1 devices.
The B+L Separation, if consummated, will result in two separate, independent companies: • Bausch Health excluding Bausch + Lomb - a diversified pharmaceutical company with leading positions in gastroenterology, hepatology, dermatology, neurology and international pharmaceuticals, and aesthetic medical devices.
Legislative efforts relating to drug pricing, the cost of prescription drugs under Medicare, the relationship between pricing and manufacturer patient programs, and 10 government program reimbursement methodologies for drugs have been proposed and considered at the U.S. federal and state level.
Legislative efforts relating to drug pricing, the cost of prescription drugs under Medicare, the relationship between pricing and manufacturer patient programs, and government program reimbursement methodologies for drugs have been proposed and considered at the U.S. federal and state level.
The CCPA and CPRA provide for civil 8 penalties for violations, as well as a private right of action for certain data breaches that result in the loss of personal data that may increase the likelihood of, and risks associated with, data breach litigation.
The CCPA and CPRA provide for civil penalties for violations, as well as a private right of action for certain data breaches that result in the loss of personal data that may increase the likelihood of, and risks associated with, data breach litigation.
We have a robust pipeline that we believe not only provides for the next generation of our existing products but is also poised to bring new and innovative solutions to market.
We have a pipeline that we believe not only provides for the next generation of our existing products but is also poised to bring new and innovative solutions to market.
In light of the rapid and ongoing global regulations and expectations relating to environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) matters, we are making appropriate investments in our ESG program to position us for timely reporting for the EU’s Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive and Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive, California’s Climate Corporate Data Accountability Act (SB 253) and Climate-Related Financial Risk Report (SB 261) regulations, and other pending requirements, if and when they come into force.
In light of the rapid and ongoing global regulations and expectations relating to environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) matters, we are making appropriate investments in our ESG program to position us for timely reporting for the EU’s Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive, California’s Climate Corporate Data Accountability Act (SB 253) and Climate-Related Financial Risk Report (SB 261) regulations, and other pending requirements, if and when they come into force.
Sales of the Xifaxan ® product line currently represent approximately 85% of the Salix segment revenues. • The International segment consists of sales, with the exception of sales of Bausch + Lomb products and Solta Medical aesthetic medical devices, outside the U.S and Puerto Rico of branded pharmaceutical products, branded generic pharmaceutical products and OTC products. • The Solta Medical segment consists of global sales of Solta Medical aesthetic medical devices. • The Diversified segment consists of sales in the U.S. of: (i) pharmaceutical products in the areas of neurology and certain other therapeutic classes, (ii) dermatology products, (iii) generic pharmaceutical products and (iv) dentistry products. • The Bausch + Lomb segment consists of global sales of Bausch + Lomb Vision Care, Surgical and Pharmaceuticals products.
Sales of the Xifaxan ® product line currently represent approximately 85% of the Salix segment revenues. • The International segment consists of sales, with the exception of sales of Bausch + Lomb products and Solta Medical aesthetic medical devices, outside the U.S. of branded pharmaceutical products, branded generic pharmaceutical products and OTC products. • The Solta Medical segment consists of global sales of Solta Medical aesthetic medical devices. • The Diversified segment consists of sales in the U.S. of: (i) pharmaceutical products in the areas of neurology and certain other therapeutic classes, (ii) dermatology products, (iii) generic pharmaceutical products and (iv) dentistry products. • The Bausch + Lomb segment consists of global sales of Bausch + Lomb Vision Care, Surgical and Pharmaceuticals products.
We attempt to manage the risks associated with reliance on single sources of active pharmaceutical ingredient, other raw materials or finished products by carrying additional inventories or, where possible, developing second sources of supply. See Item 1A. “Risk Factors” for additional information on the risks associated with our manufacturing arrangements.
We attempt to manage the risks associated with reliance on single sources of active pharmaceutical ingredients, other raw materials or finished products by carrying additional inventories or, where possible, developing second sources of supply. See Item 1A. “Risk Factors” for additional information on the risks associated with our manufacturing arrangements.
For additional details on the B+L Separation, see “Separation of the Bausch + Lomb Eye Health Business” in Note 2, “SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Item 1A. “Risk Factors — Risk Relating to the B+L Separation” of this Form 10-K.
For additional details on the B+L Separation, see “Separation of the Bausch + Lomb Eye Health Business” in Note 2, “SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Item 1A. “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to the B+L Separation” of this Form 10-K.
This product is sold in several Eastern European countries. • Contrave ® /Mysimba ® is a fixed-dose combination prolonged-release tablet for the treatment of obesity. Used alongside diet and exercise, it is designed to help manage weight in adults who are overweight or obese.
This product is sold in Central and Eastern European countries. • Contrave ® / Mysimba ® is a fixed-dose combination prolonged-release tablet for the treatment of obesity. Used alongside diet and exercise, it is designed to help manage weight in adults who are overweight or obese.
The IRA also provides for (i) the U.S. government to set or “negotiate” prices for select high-cost Medicare Part D (beginning in 2026) and Medicare Part B drugs (beginning in 2028) that are more than nine years (for small-molecule drugs) or 13 years (for biological products) from their initial FDA approval, (ii) manufacturers to pay a rebate for Medicare Part B and Part D drugs when prices increase faster than inflation beginning in 2022 for Medicare Part D and 2023 for Medicare Part B drugs and (iii) Medicare Part D redesign which replaces the current Part D Coverage Gap Discount Program and establishes a $2,000 cap for out-of-pocket limits costs for Medicare beneficiaries beginning in 2025, with manufacturers being responsible for 10% of costs up to the $2,000 cap and 20% after that cap is reached.
The IRA also provides for (i) the U.S. government to set or “negotiate” prices for select high-cost Medicare Part D (beginning in 2026) and Medicare Part B drugs (beginning in 2028) that are more than nine years (for small-molecule drugs) or 13 years (for biological products) from their initial FDA approval, (ii) manufacturers to pay a rebate for Medicare Part B and Part D drugs when prices increase faster than inflation beginning in 2022 for Medicare Part D and 2023 for Medicare Part B drugs and (iii) Medicare Part D redesign which replaces the current Part D Coverage Gap Discount Program and established a $2,000 cap for out-of-pocket limits costs for Medicare beneficiaries beginning in 2025, which has increased to $2,100 for 2026, with manufacturers being responsible for 10% of costs up to the $2,100 cap and 20% after that cap is reached.
We continue to evaluate all relevant factors and considerations related to the B+L Separation, including the Xifaxan ® Generics Litigation (see “ Xifaxan ® Paragraph IV Proceedings ” of Note 20, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements).
We continue to evaluate all relevant factors and considerations related to the B+L Separation, including the Xifaxan ® Generics Litigation (see “ Xifaxan ® Paragraph IV Proceedings ” of Note 21, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements).
On an ongoing basis, Bausch Health (excluding Bausch + Lomb) measures how well we foster the health and safety of our employees by measuring Lost Time Incident Rates, which is the number incidents that result in lost time.
On an ongoing basis, Bausch Health (excluding Bausch + Lomb) measures how well we foster the health and safety of our employees by measuring Lost Time Incident Rates, which reflect the number of incidents that result in lost time.
We post links on our website to the following filings as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed or furnished to the SEC: annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any amendment to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
We post links on our website to the following filings as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed or furnished to the SEC: annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any amendment to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.
To date SiHy Daily has been launched in over 50 countries, under the brand names INFUSE ® , BAUSCH + LOMB ULTRA ® ONE DAY and AQUALOX ® ONE DAY and Bausch + Lomb is continuing its global roll out.
To date, SiHy Daily has been launched in over 60 countries, under the brand names INFUSE ® , BAUSCH + LOMB ULTRA ® ONE DAY and AQUALOX ® ONE DAY and Bausch + Lomb is continuing its global roll out.
The previous Congress and presidential administration have each indicated an intent to continue to seek new legislative or administrative measures to control drug costs. The legislative priorities of the current Congress and the new presidential administration remain uncertain.
The previous Congress and presidential administration have each indicated an intent to continue to seek new legislative or administrative measures to control drug costs. The legislative priorities of the current Congress and presidential administration remain uncertain and difficult to predict.
You are invited to read and copy any reports, statements or other information, other than confidential filings, that we file with the provincial securities commissions. These filings are also electronically available from the Canadian System for Electronic Data Analysis and Retrieval (“SEDAR+”) at www.sedarplus.ca , the Canadian equivalent of the SEC’s electronic document gathering and retrieval system. 15 Item 1A.
You are invited to read and copy any reports, statements or other information, other than confidential filings, that we file with the provincial securities commissions. These filings are also electronically available from the Canadian System for Electronic Data Analysis and Retrieval (“SEDAR+”) at www.sedarplus.ca , the Canadian equivalent of the SEC’s electronic document gathering and retrieval system. 14
The Inflation Reduction Act (“IRA”) made significant changes to how drugs are covered and paid for under the Medicare program, including imposing financial penalties if drug prices are increased at a rate faster than inflation, redesigning Medicare Part D benefits to shift a greater portion of the costs to manufacturers and allowing the U.S. government to set prices for certain drugs in Medicare.
The IRA made significant changes to how drugs are covered and paid for under the Medicare program, including imposing financial penalties if drug prices are increased at a rate faster than inflation, redesigning Medicare Part D benefits to shift a greater portion of the costs to manufacturers and allowing the U.S. government to set prices for certain drugs in Medicare.
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Overview — Focus on Value and Core Businesses” of this Form 10-K. Trademarks and Patent Exclusivity We rely on a combination of contractual provisions, confidentiality policies and procedures and patent, trademark, copyright and trade secrecy laws to protect the proprietary aspects of our technology and business.
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Overview — Focus on Value and Core Businesses” of this Form 10-K for additional information. 5 Trademarks and Patent Exclusivity We rely on a combination of contractual provisions, confidentiality policies and procedures and patent, trademark, copyright and trade secrecy laws to protect the proprietary aspects of our technology and business.
During 2024, neither Bausch Health nor Bausch + Lomb experienced any significant disruption because of turnover. Health, Safety and Wellness Our employees’ health, safety, and wellness are important to us.
During 2025, neither Bausch Health nor Bausch + Lomb experienced any significant disruption because of turnover. Health, Safety and Wellness Our employees’ health, safety, and wellness are important to us.
Our Xifaxan ® product accounted for revenues of $1,993 million, $1,810 million and $1,692 million for 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. • Relistor ® (methylnaltrexone) is given to adults who use narcotic medicine to treat severe chronic pain that is not caused by cancer to prevent constipation without reducing the pain-relieving effects of the narcotic. • Trulance ® (plecanatide) is a once-daily tablet for adults with chronic idiopathic constipation, or CIC, and irritable bowel syndrome with constipation.
Our Xifaxan ® product accounted for revenues of $2,212 million, $1,993 million and $1,810 million for 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. • Relistor ® (methylnaltrexone) is given to adults who use narcotic medicine to treat severe chronic pain that is not caused by cancer to prevent constipation without reducing the pain-relieving effects of the narcotic. • Trulance ® (plecanatide) is a once-daily tablet for adults with chronic idiopathic constipation, or CIC, and irritable bowel syndrome with constipation.
The Talent and Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors along with the Board has oversight of our Company’s talent management and succession planning process. The Talent and Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors reviews succession planning progress and specifically, the plans for members of the Executive Leadership team consisting of the CEO and his direct reports.
The Talent and Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors along with the Board has oversight of our Company’s talent management and succession planning process. The Talent and Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors reviews succession planning progress and specifically, the plans for members of the Executive Leadership team consisting of the Chief Executive Officer and his direct reports.
Upon the closing of the B+L IPO and after giving effect to the subsequent partial exercise of the over-allotment option by the underwriters, Bausch Health indirectly holds 310,449,643 common shares of Bausch + Lomb, which represents approximately 88% of B+L’s outstanding common shares as of February 12, 2025.
Upon the closing of the B+L IPO and after giving effect to the subsequent partial exercise of the over-allotment option by the underwriters, Bausch Health indirectly holds 310,449,643 common shares of Bausch + Lomb, which represents approximately 88% of B+L’s outstanding common shares as of February 11, 2026.
As part of our marketing program for pharmaceuticals, we use direct to consumer advertising, direct mailings, advertise in trade, social media and medical periodicals, exhibit products at medical conventions and sponsor medical education symposia. Competition Competitive Landscape for Products and Products in Development The pharmaceutical and medical device industries are highly competitive.
As part of our marketing program for pharmaceuticals, we use DTC advertising, direct mailings, advertise in trade, social media and medical periodicals, exhibit products at medical conventions and sponsor medical education symposia. 10 Competition Competitive Landscape for Products and Products in Development The pharmaceutical and medical device industries are highly competitive.
See Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Overview — Focus on Value and Core Businesses” of this Form 10-K. Segment Information Our revenues for 2024, 2023 and 2022 were $9,625 million, $8,757 million and $8,124 million, respectively.
See Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Overview — Focus on Value and Core Businesses” of this Form 10-K. Segment Information Our revenues for 2025, 2024 and 2023 were $10,266 million, $9,625 million and $8,757 million, respectively.
Espaven ® is commercialized primarily in Mexico and Central America. 3 Solta Medical Solta Medical is a global leader in the medical aesthetic market focused on innovative aesthetic medical treatment technologies. Solta Medical’s revenue is primarily attributable to the skin tightening market, which is driven by our Thermage ® product lines.
Espaven ® is commercialized primarily in Mexico and Central America. Solta Medical Our Solta Medical business is a global leader in the medical aesthetic market focused on innovative aesthetic medical treatment technologies. Solta Medical’s revenue is primarily attributable to the skin tightening market, which is driven by our Thermage ® product line.
Our principal products in this segment include: Neurology • Wellbutrin ® XL is an extended release formulation of bupropion indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder in adults. • Aplenzin ® (bupropion hydrobromide extended release tablets) is indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder, and for the prevention of seasonal major depressive episodes in patients with a diagnosis of seasonal affective disorder. • Ativan ® (lorazepam) is indicated for the management of anxiety disorders or for the short-term relief of the symptoms of anxiety or anxiety associated with depressive symptoms. • Mysoline ® (Primidone) is an anticonvulsant drug used to control seizures. • Xenazine ® is indicated for the treatment of chorea associated with Huntington’s disease.
Our principal products include: Neuroscience (formerly Neurology) • Wellbutrin ® XL (bupropion hydrochloride) is an extended release formulation of bupropion indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder in adults. • Aplenzin ® (bupropion hydrobromide) is an extended release tablet formulation indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder, and for the prevention of seasonal major depressive episodes in patients with a diagnosis of seasonal affective disorder. • Ativan ® (lorazepam) is indicated for the management of anxiety disorders or for the short-term relief of the symptoms of anxiety or anxiety associated with depressive symptoms. • Mysoline ® (primidone) is an anticonvulsant drug used to control seizures. • Xenazine ® (tetrabenazine) is indicated for the treatment of chorea associated with Huntington’s disease.
The latest generation of this product line, Thermage ® FLX, has been launched in our key markets and expansion is expected to continue into other countries, paced by country-specific regulatory registrations.
The latest generation, Thermage ® FLX, has been launched in our key markets and expansion is expected to continue into other countries, paced by country-specific regulatory registrations.
Arestin ® may be used as part of a periodontal maintenance program, which includes good oral hygiene and SRP. Bausch + Lomb Our Bausch + Lomb segment includes our global Bausch + Lomb eye health business. Our global Bausch + Lomb eye health business includes our Vision Care, Surgical and Pharmaceuticals products.
Arestin ® may be used as part of a periodontal maintenance program, which includes good oral hygiene and SRP and represents approximately 95% of Dentistry revenues. Bausch + Lomb Our Bausch + Lomb segment includes our global Bausch + Lomb eye health business. Our global Bausch + Lomb eye health business includes our Vision Care, Surgical and Pharmaceuticals products.
Beginning in 2011, the law imposed a significant annual fee on companies that manufacture or import branded prescription drug products. The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 amended the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, effective January 1, 2019, to close the donut hole in most Medicare drug plans.
Beginning in 2011, the law imposed a significant annual fee on companies that manufacture or import branded prescription drug products. The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 amended the PPACA, effective January 1, 2019, to close the donut hole in most Medicare drug plans.
See Note 20, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for further details regarding certain infringement proceedings. See Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of this Form 10-K for additional information on our competition risks. 12 Manufacturing We currently operate approximately 35 manufacturing sites worldwide, of which 23 are Bausch + Lomb facilities.
See Note 21, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for further details regarding certain infringement proceedings. See Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of this Form 10-K for additional information on our competition risks. Manufacturing We currently operate approximately 37 manufacturing sites worldwide, of which 25 are Bausch + Lomb facilities.
Prior to human use, the FDA approval or marketing clearance must be obtained in the U.S., approval by Health Canada must be obtained in Canada, European Medicines Agency (the “EMA”) approval (drugs) or a CE Marking (devices) and/or registration under the European Commission’s Medical Device Regulation (“MDR”), must be obtained for countries that are part of the EU and approval must be obtained from comparable agencies in other countries prior to manufacturing or marketing new pharmaceutical products or medical devices.
Prior to human use, the FDA approval or marketing clearance must be obtained in the U.S., approval by Health Canada must be obtained in Canada, European Medicines Agency (the “EMA”) approval (drugs) or a Conformité Européenne (European Conformity) (“CE”) mark (devices) and/or registration under the European Commission’s Medical Device Regulation (“MDR”), must be obtained for countries that are part of the EU and approval must be obtained from comparable agencies in other countries prior to manufacturing or marketing new pharmaceutical products or medical devices.
These employees are located around the world, with approximately 8,100 in the United States and Canada, 7,200 in Europe, 2,500 in Asia-Pacific, 2,200 in Latin America, 400 in Russia, 200 in the Middle East and Africa and 100 in Commonwealth of Independent State countries (other than Russia).
These employees are located around the world, with approximately 7,700 in the United States and Canada, 7,100 in Europe, 2,550 in Asia-Pacific, 2,200 in Latin America, 450 in Russia, 200 in the Middle East and Africa and 100 in Commonwealth of Independent State countries (other than Russia).
Our principal products in this segment (including products of our third-party co-promotion partners) include: • Xifaxan ® which includes: (i) tablets indicated for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (“IBS-D”) in adults and for the reduction in risk of overt hepatic encephalopathy (“OHE”) recurrence in adults and (ii) tablets indicated for the treatment of travelers’ diarrhea caused by noninvasive strains of Escherichia coli in patients 12 years of age and older.
Our principal products include: • Xifaxan ® which includes: (i) tablets indicated for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (“IBS-D”) in adults and for the reduction in risk of overt hepatic encephalopathy (“OHE”) recurrence in adults and (ii) tablets indicated for the treatment of travelers’ diarrhea caused by noninvasive strains of Escherichia coli in patients 12 years of age and older.
In January 2025, the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) selected Xifaxan ® 550 mg tablets as one of the medicines for the second round of negotiation of the drug price negotiation program as part of the IRA with an initial price applicability in 2027. It is possible that other of our products could be selected in future years.
In January 2025, the CMS selected Xifaxan ® 550 mg tablets as one of the medicines for the second round of negotiation of the drug price negotiation program as part of the IRA with an initial price applicability in 2027. It is possible that other of our products could be selected in future years.
While EU law is applicable in Northern Ireland, the United Kingdom (“UK”) Medical Devices Regulations 2002/68 also needs to be complied with in Great Britain. Effective July 1, 2023, devices destined for Great Britain are required to follow the UK regulatory regime and to be labeled with the UKCA mark. Northern Ireland will, however, continue to accept CE marked devices.
While EU law is applicable in Northern Ireland, the United Kingdom (“UK”) Medical Devices Regulations 2002/68 also needs to be complied with in Great Britain. Effective July 1, 2023, devices destined for Great Britain are required to follow the UK regulatory regime and to be labeled with the UK Conformity Assessed (“UKCA”) mark.
There are some additional requirements for manufacturers who are based outside the UK, such as the requirement to appoint a UK Responsible Person to take on certain regulatory responsibilities with respect to the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency and users or customers in the UK.
Northern Ireland will, however, continue to accept CE marked devices. There are some additional requirements for manufacturers who are based outside the UK, such as the requirement to appoint a UK Responsible Person to take on certain regulatory responsibilities with respect to the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency and users or customers in the UK.
As of December 31, 2024, we had approximately 20,700 employees, of which approximately 13,500 were Bausch + Lomb employees. We had approximately 10,700 employees in production, 6,700 in sales and marketing, 1,800 in general and administrative positions and 1,500 in R&D.
As of December 31, 2025, we had approximately 20,300 employees, of which approximately 13,000 were Bausch + Lomb employees. We had approximately 10,300 employees in production, 6,800 in sales and marketing, 1,800 in general and administrative positions and 1,400 in R&D.
For additional discussion of our reportable segments, see the discussion in Item 1. “Business — Segment Information” and Note 22, “SEGMENT INFORMATION” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for further details on these reportable segments.
For additional discussion of our reportable segments, see the discussion in Item 1. “Business — Segment Information” and Note 23, “SEGMENT INFORMATION” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements.
In addition, in April 2018, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services published a final rule that gives states greater flexibility in setting benchmarks for insurers in the individual and small group marketplaces, which may have the effect of relaxing the essential health benefits required under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act for plans sold through such marketplaces.
In addition, in April 2018, the CMS published a final rule that gives states greater flexibility in setting benchmarks for insurers in the individual and small group marketplaces, which may have the effect of relaxing the essential health benefits required under the PPACA for plans sold through such marketplaces.
Dermatology • Jublia ® (efinaconazole 10% topical solution) is a topical azole approved for the treatment of onychomycosis of the toenails (toenail fungus). • Siliq ® is an IL-17 receptor blocker monoclonal antibody for patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. • Arazlo ® (tazarotene) Lotion, 0.045% is an acne product containing a lower concentration of tazarotene in a lotion form to help reduce irritation while maintaining efficacy. • Targretin ® (bexarotene) capsules and gel are prescription medicines used to treat the skin problems arising from the disease cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, or CTCL, in patients who have not responded well to other treatments. • CABTREO ® is the first and only U.S.
CABTREO ® topical gel was launched in the U.S. in the first quarter of 2024 and was launched in Canada in October 2024. • Siliq ® (brodalumab) injection is an IL-17 receptor blocker monoclonal antibody for patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. • Arazlo ® (tazarotene) lotion, 0.045% is an acne product containing a lower concentration of tazarotene in a lotion form to help reduce irritation while maintaining efficacy. • Targretin ® (bexarotene) capsules and gel are prescription medicines used to treat the skin problems arising from the disease cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, or CTCL, in patients who have not responded well to other treatments.
Our principal products in this segment include: • The Thermage ® system is a non-invasive radiofrequency treatment that can smoothen, tighten and contour skin for an overall younger-looking appearance. • The Clear + Brilliant ® system is a laser treatment that can help address the visible signs of aging and the overall effects that time and the environment can have on skin. • The Fraxel ® system is a treatment that improves tone, texture and radiance for aging, sun damaged or scarred skin. • The VASERlipo ® system is a minimally invasive aesthetic body contouring system that yields dramatic results with less pain and downtime than traditional liposuction.
Our principal products include: • The Thermage ® system is a non-invasive radiofrequency treatment that can smooth, tighten and contour skin for an overall younger-looking appearance. • The Clear + Brilliant ® system is a laser treatment that can help address the visible signs of aging and the overall dulling effects that time and the environment can have on skin. • The Fraxel ® system is a laser treatment used to address fine lines, wrinkles, acne scars and surgical scars as well as improve tone, texture and radiance of aging and sun damaged skin. • The VASERlipo ® system is a minimally invasive aesthetic body contouring system that yields dramatic results with less pain and downtime than traditional liposuction.
MIEBO ® is the first and only FDA approved treatment for 5 DED that directly targets tear evaporation and the addition of MIEBO ® is expected to help build upon Bausch + Lomb’s strong portfolio of integrated eye health products. • Bausch + Lomb Renu ® Advanced Formula multi-purpose solution is a novel soft and silicone hydrogel contact lens solution that makes use of three disinfectants and two moisture agents. • Biotrue ® multi-purpose solution helps prevent certain tear proteins from denaturing and fights germs for healthy contact lens wear.
MIEBO ® is the first and only FDA approved treatment for DED that directly targets tear evaporation. • Bausch + Lomb Renu ® Advanced Formula multi-purpose solution is a novel soft and silicone hydrogel contact lens solution that makes use of three disinfectants and two moisture agents. • Biotrue ® and Biotrue ® Hydration Plus multi-purpose solutions help prevent certain tear proteins from denaturing and fights germs for healthy contact lens wear.
See Note 22, “SEGMENT INFORMATION” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for revenues by geographic area. 11 Customers that accounted for 10% or more of our total revenue for 2024, 2023 and 2022 are as follows: 2024 2023 2022 Cencora Inc. 19% 19% 18% McKesson Corporation 15% 15% 15% Cardinal Health, Inc. 14% 13% 13% We currently promote our pharmaceutical products to physicians, hospitals, pharmacies and wholesalers through our own sales force and sell through wholesalers.
Customers that accounted for 10% or more of our total revenue for 2025, 2024 and 2023 are as follows: 2025 2024 2023 Cencora Inc. 18% 19% 19% McKesson Corporation 16% 15% 15% Cardinal Health, Inc. 14% 14% 13% We currently promote our pharmaceutical products to physicians, hospitals, pharmacies and wholesalers through our own sales force and sell through wholesalers.
In addition, we are unable to predict what environmental or and occupational health and safety legislation or regulations may be adopted or enacted in the future. See Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of this Form 10-K for additional information.
In addition, we are unable to predict what environmental or occupational health and safety legislation or regulations may be adopted or enacted in the future. See Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of this Form 10-K for additional information. Customers and Marketing In 2025, the U.S. accounted for approximately 60% and China accounted for approximately 5% of our total revenues, respectively.
We provide a variety of development programs to support our employees at every stage of their career and incorporate individual development plans that aim to help our employees reach their career goals.
We empower employees to explore roles that are of interest and gain insight into their strengths and development needs. We provide a variety of development programs to support our employees at every stage of their career and incorporate individual development plans that aim to help our employees reach their career goals.
If approved, patients receive our prescription product(s) at no cost for up to two years and may be able to reapply to the program annually if they continue to meet eligibility requirements and have a valid prescription. See Item 7.
If approved, and with a valid prescription, patients receive our prescription product(s) at no cost and can reapply to the program annually to confirm they continue to meet eligibility requirements. See Item 7.
Dentistry • Arestin ® (minocycline hydrochloride) is a subgingival sustained-release antibiotic and accounted for approximately 95% of the Dentistry business revenues for 2024 and 2023. Arestin ® is indicated as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (“SRP”) procedures for reduction of pocket depth in patients with adult periodontitis.
Dentistry • Arestin ® (minocycline hydrochloride) is the only FDA approved subgingival sustained-release antibiotic on the market. Arestin ® is indicated as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (“SRP”) procedures for reduction of pocket depth in patients with adult periodontitis.
Products representing approximately 29% of our product sales for 2024 are produced in total, or in part, by third-party manufacturers under manufacturing arrangements. In some cases, the principal raw materials, including active pharmaceutical ingredients, used by us (or our third-party manufacturers) for our various products are purchased in the open market or are otherwise available from several sources.
In some cases, the principal raw materials, including active pharmaceutical ingredients, used by us (or our third-party manufacturers) for our various products are purchased in the open market or are otherwise available from several sources.
Our policy is to vigorously protect, enforce and defend our rights to our intellectual property and proprietary rights, as appropriate. See Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of this Form 10-K for additional information on the risks associated with our intellectual property and proprietary rights. 6 Trademarks We believe that trademark protection is an important part of establishing product and brand recognition.
Our policy is to vigorously protect, enforce and defend our rights to our intellectual property and proprietary rights, as appropriate. See Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of this Form 10-K for additional information on the risks associated with our intellectual property and proprietary rights.
CABTREO ® Topical Gel was launched in the U.S. in the first quarter of 2024 and was launched in Canada in October 2024. 4 Generics The Company utilizes the Generics business to extend the long-term cash flows from a number of assets that are expected to decline over time due to their loss of exclusivity, by launching and selling authorized generic versions of certain branded assets.
Generics The Company utilizes the Generics business to extend the long-term cash flows from a number of assets that are expected to decline over time due to their loss of exclusivity, by launching and selling generic versions of certain branded assets including authorized generics (“AG”).
Further, pursuant to the Swiss Medical Device Ordinance, we are required to appoint an authorized representative in Switzerland in order to export our CE-marked medical devices to Switzerland.
Further, pursuant to the Swiss Medical Device Ordinance, we are 6 required to appoint an authorized representative in Switzerland in order to export our CE-marked medical devices to Switzerland. Additionally, the name and address of the Swiss authorized representative must be placed on the packaging.
The Stellaris Elite ® vision enhancement system configured for cataract procedures is our latest generation phacoemulsification cataract platform, Stellaris Elite ® is the first phacoemulsification platform on the market to offer Adaptive Fluidics TM , which combines aspiration control with predictive infusion management to create a responsive and controlled surgical environment for efficient cataract lens removal.
In addition, Bausch + Lomb launched its first silicone hydrogel daily disposable multifocal contact lens in May 2023, and launched a toric lens in the U.S. in June 2024. • Stellaris Elite ® , a vision enhancement system configured for cataract procedures is the latest generation phacoemulsification cataract platform, Stellaris Elite ® is the first phacoemulsification platform on the market to offer Adaptive Fluidics TM , which combines aspiration control with predictive infusion management to create a responsive and controlled surgical environment for efficient cataract lens removal.
The effects on our business of the CCPA, CPRA and other similar state laws are potentially significant, and may require us to modify our data processing practices and policies and to incur substantial costs and expenses in an effort to comply.
It remains unclear how various provisions of the CCPA and CPRA will be interpreted and enforced, and multiple states have enacted or are expected to enact similar laws. 7 The effects on our business of the CCPA, CPRA and other similar state laws are potentially significant, and may require us to modify our data processing practices and policies and to incur substantial costs and expenses in an effort to comply.
Contrave ® / Mysimba ® is commercialized in Canada, Poland and other Central Eastern European countries. • Espaven ® (Dimethicone tablets, drops, suspension) is a complete line of gastrointestinal treatments for diverse digestive indications such as: flatulence, dyspepsia, absolute or relative enzyme deficiency, steatorrhea, irritable colon syndrome, pancreatic insufficiency and poor fat digestion.
Contrave ® / Mysimba ® is commercialized in Canada, Poland and other Central and Eastern European countries. • Ryaltris ® (olopatadine hydrochloride and mometasone furoate nasal spray) is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of moderate to severe seasonal allergic rhinitis and associated ocular symptoms in adults, adolescents and children aged 6 years and older. • Espaven ® (Dimethicone tablets, drops, suspension) is a complete line of gastrointestinal treatments for diverse digestive indications such as: flatulence, dyspepsia, absolute or relative enzyme deficiency, steatorrhea, irritable colon syndrome, pancreatic insufficiency and poor fat digestion.
Geographic Areas A significant portion of our revenues is generated from operations or otherwise earned outside the U.S. and Canada. All of our foreign operations are subject to risks inherent in conducting business abroad, including price and currency exchange controls, fluctuations in the relative values of currencies, political and economic instability and restrictive governmental actions including possible nationalization or expropriation.
All of our foreign operations are subject to risks inherent in conducting business abroad, including price and currency exchange controls, fluctuations in the relative values of currencies, political and economic instability and restrictive governmental actions 13 including possible nationalization or expropriation. Changes in the relative values of currencies may materially affect our results of operations.
For 2024, our Lost Time Incident Rate was 1.7 recorded cases per 100 employees, which was consistent with the industry average. 13 Bausch + Lomb measures Days Away Rate (“DAR”), which measures the number of days employees are away from work as a result of a work-related injury or illness.
For 2025, our Lost Time Incident Rate was 0.8 recorded cases per 100 employees, which was slightly higher than the industry average of 0.5 recorded per 100 employees. Bausch + Lomb measures Days Away Rate (“DAR”), which measures the number of days employees are away from work due to injury or illness.
A new line extension formulation, Lumify ® Preservative Free, for which the New Drug Application (“NDA”) was approved by the FDA in April 2024, began launching in the first quarter of 2025. • MIEBO ® (perfluorohexyloctane ophthalmic solution) (formerly known as NOV03) – In December 2019, Bausch + Lomb acquired an exclusive license from Novaliq GmbH for the commercialization and development in the U.S. and Canada of MIEBO ® for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of DED.
In addition, Bausch + Lomb is in the process of submitting a New Drug Application (“NDA”) for Lumify ® next generation in the first half of 2026. • MIEBO ® (perfluorohexyloctane ophthalmic solution) (formerly known as NOV03) – In 2019, Bausch + Lomb acquired an exclusive license from Novaliq GmbH for the commercialization and development in the U.S. and Canada of MIEBO ® for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of DED.
Through our Employee Development Framework, we endeavor to support our employees’ interests to grow to their full potential, achieve career goals, and contribute to the success of our Company. We empower employees to explore roles that are of interest and gain insight into their strengths and development needs.
Talent Development We are committed to the development of our employees and believe that our success coincides with our employees’ achievements of personal and professional goals. 12 Through our Employee Development Framework, we endeavor to support our employees’ interests to grow to their full potential, achieve career goals, and contribute to the success of our Company.
We continue to invest in expanding access to Solta Medical technologies for medical aesthetic providers and consumers in our key markets, including broadening the reach of Thermage ® FLX and strengthening our sales force in the U.S., Europe and Asia.
We continue to invest in expanding access to Solta Medical technologies for medical aesthetic providers and consumers in our key markets, including broadening the reach of Thermage ® FLX and strengthening our sales force in North America, Europe and Asia. 3 Diversified Our Diversified segment consists of sales in the U.S. of: (i) pharmaceutical products in the areas of neurology (neuroscience) and certain other therapeutic classes, (ii) dermatology products, (iii) generic pharmaceutical products and (iv) dentistry products.
Bausch + Lomb completed the acquisition of XIIDRA ® during the third quarter of 2023. • PreserVision ® AREDS 2 is a patented eye vitamin and mineral supplement that contains the exact nutrient formula recommended by the National Eye Institute for people with moderate to advanced age-related macular degeneration (“AMD”) following the landmark AREDS 2 clinical study. • Ocuvite ® is a family of nutritional supplements that contain antioxidant vitamins and minerals and other nutrients beneficial for eye health, including lutein and zeaxanthin (antioxidant carotenoids), nutrients that support macular health by helping filter harmful blue light. • Lumify ® (brimonidine tartrate ophthalmic solution, 0.025%) is an OTC redness reliever eye drop that significantly reduces redness to help eyes look whiter and brighter, revealing eyes’ natural beauty.
PreserVision ® AREDS 3, a next generation eye vitamin formulation, is anticipated to launch in 2026. • Ocuvite ® is a family of nutritional supplements that contain antioxidant vitamins and minerals and other nutrients beneficial for eye health, including lutein and zeaxanthin (antioxidant carotenoids), nutrients that support macular health by helping filter harmful blue light. • Lumify ® (brimonidine tartrate ophthalmic solution, 0.025%) is an OTC redness reliever eye drop that significantly reduces redness to help eyes look whiter and brighter, revealing eyes’ natural beauty.
To date, Bausch + Lomb has launched and acquired the right to launch Lumify ® in various countries.
To date, Bausch + Lomb has launched and acquired the right to launch Lumify ® in various countries. A new line extension formulation, Lumify ® Preservative Free was launched in the U.S. in 2025.
In the normal course of business, our products, devices and facilities are the subject of ongoing oversight and review by regulatory and governmental agencies, including general, for cause and pre-approval inspections by the relevant competent authorities where we have business operations.
In the normal course of business, our products, devices and facilities are the subject of ongoing oversight and review by regulatory and governmental agencies, including general, for cause and pre-approval inspections by the relevant competent authorities where we have business operations. 11 Through the date of this filing, we believe that all of our global operations and facilities have the relevant operational good manufacturing practices certificates and all Company products and all operating sites are in good compliance in all material respects standing with all relevant notified bodies and global health authorities.
Changes in the relative values of currencies may materially affect our results of operations. For a discussion of these risks, see Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of this Form 10-K. See Note 22, “SEGMENT INFORMATION” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for revenues and long-lived assets by geographic area.
For a discussion of these risks, see Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of this Form 10-K. See Note 23, “SEGMENT INFORMATION” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for revenues and long-lived assets by geographic area. A portion of our revenue and income was earned in Canada and Ireland, which have low effective tax rates. See Item 1A.
A portion of our revenue and income was earned in Canada and Ireland, which have low effective tax rates. See Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of this Form 10-K relating to tax rates for more information. Available Information Our Internet address is www.bauschhealth.com .
“Risk Factors” of this Form 10-K relating to tax rates for more information. Available Information Our Internet address is www.bauschhealth.com .
In 2024, B+L’s DAR was 4.9, which met its goal of not exceeding 6 on an annual basis and is significantly lower than similar industry standard DAR of 22. Diversity and Inclusion We are dedicated to fostering an inclusive work environment where everyone feels welcomed, supported and valued for their talents and contributions.
In 2025, B+L’s DAR was 5.5, which met its goal of not exceeding 6 on an annual basis and is significantly lower than similar industry standard DAR of 22. Equity and Inclusion We are dedicated to cultivating a workplace where every individual feels appreciated, respected and empowered to thrive.
The CPRA also creates a new state agency that will be vested with authority to implement and enforce the CCPA and the CPRA. It remains unclear how various provisions of the CCPA and CPRA will be interpreted and enforced, and multiple states have enacted or are expected to enact similar laws.
The CPRA also creates a new state agency that will be vested with authority to implement and enforce the CCPA and the CPRA.
Other countries generally have similar but varying terms and renewal policies with respect to trademarks registered in those countries. Patent Exclusivity For certain of our products, we rely on a combination of regulatory and patent rights to protect the value of our investment in the development of these products.
Trademark protections may remain in place indefinitely in many countries as long as they remain in use. Patent Exclusivity For certain of our products, we rely on a combination of regulatory and patent rights to protect the value of our investment in the development of these products.
See “Patent Litigation/Paragraph IV Matters” of Note 20, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for details of these litigation matters.
The Company has filed lawsuits against third-party generic manufacturers that have sent the Company Notices of Paragraph IV Certification for Trulance ® and Xifaxan ® . See “Intellectual Property Litigation” of Note 21, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for details of these litigation matters.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors

Risk Factors — what could go wrong, per management

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If our products cause, or are alleged to cause, serious or widespread personal injury, we may have to withdraw those products from the market and/or incur significant costs, including payment of substantial sums in damages, and we may be subject to exposure relating to product liability claims.
If our products cause, or are alleged to cause, serious or widespread personal injury, we have to withdraw those products from the market and/or incur significant costs, including payment of substantial sums in damages, and we may be subject to exposure relating to product liability claims.
The following events or occurrences, among others, could cause fluctuations in our financial performance and/or stock price from period to period: • development and launch of new competitive products; • the timing and receipt of FDA and other regulatory approvals or lack of approvals; • costs related to business development transactions; • changes in the amount we spend to promote our products; • delays between our expenditures to acquire new products, technologies or businesses and the generation of revenues from those acquired products, technologies or businesses; • changes in treatment practices of physicians that currently prescribe certain of our products; • increases in the cost of raw materials used to manufacture our products; • actions by the FDA or other regulatory agencies relating to our manufacturers or suppliers; • manufacturing and supply interruptions; • our responses to price competition; • new legislation or other developments that would control or regulate the prices of drugs; • protracted and wide-ranging trade conflicts, including between the United States, China, Canada, Mexico and other countries; • expenditures as a result of legal actions (and settlements thereof), including the defense of our patents and other intellectual property; • market acceptance of our products; • the timing of wholesaler and distributor purchases and success of our wholesaler and distributor arrangements; • general economic and industry conditions, including potential fluctuations in interest rates; • geo-political conditions, including armed conflicts and wars; • changes in seasonality of demand for certain of our products; • foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations; • the timing, structure and terms of the B+L Separation; • changes to, or the confidence in, our business strategy; • changes to, or the confidence in, our management; and • expectations for future growth.
The following events or occurrences, among others, could cause fluctuations in our financial performance and/or stock price from period to period: • development and launch of new competitive products; • the timing and receipt of FDA and other regulatory approvals or lack of approvals; • costs related to business development transactions; • changes in the amount we spend to promote our products; • delays between our expenditures to acquire new products, technologies or businesses and the generation of revenues from those acquired products, technologies or businesses; • changes in treatment practices of physicians that currently prescribe certain of our products; • increases in the cost of raw materials used to manufacture our products; • actions by the FDA or other regulatory agencies relating to our manufacturers or suppliers; • manufacturing and supply interruptions; • our responses to price competition; • new legislation or other developments that would control or regulate the prices of drugs; • protracted and wide-ranging trade conflicts, including between the United States, China, Canada, Mexico, the EU and others; • expenditures as a result of legal actions (and settlements thereof), including the defense of our patents and other intellectual property; • market acceptance of our products; • the timing of wholesaler and distributor purchases and success of our wholesaler and distributor arrangements; • general economic and industry conditions, including potential fluctuations in interest rates; • geo-political conditions, including armed conflicts and wars; • changes in seasonality of demand for certain of our products; • foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations; • the timing, structure and terms of the B+L Separation; • changes to, or the confidence in, our business strategy; • changes to, or the confidence in, our management; and • expectations for future growth.
Potential difficulties that may be encountered in the integration process include the following: integrating personnel, operations and systems, while maintaining focus on selling and promoting existing and newly-acquired products; coordinating geographically dispersed organizations; distracting management and employees from operations; retaining existing customers and attracting new customers; maintaining the business relationships the acquired company has established, including with health care providers; and managing inefficiencies associated with integrating the operations of Bausch + Lomb and the acquired business, product or other assets.
Potential difficulties that may be encountered in the integration process include the following: integrating personnel, operations and systems, while maintaining focus on selling and promoting existing and newly- 29 acquired products; coordinating geographically dispersed organizations; distracting management and employees from operations; retaining existing customers and attracting new customers; maintaining the business relationships the acquired company has established, including with health care providers; and managing inefficiencies associated with integrating the operations of Bausch + Lomb and the acquired business, product or other assets.
Congress and various state legislatures in the U.S. have passed, or have proposed passing, legislation that could have an adverse impact on pharmaceutical manufacturers’ ability to: (i) settle litigation initiated pursuant to the Hatch-Waxman Act and Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act (“BPCIA”), (ii) secure the full benefit of first-to-file 36 regulatory approval status secured under the Hatch-Waxman Act and (iii) change the value of the brand products prior to the launch of generic versions.
Congress and various state legislatures in the U.S. have passed, or have proposed passing, legislation that could have an adverse impact on pharmaceutical manufacturers’ ability to: (i) settle litigation initiated pursuant to the Hatch-Waxman Act and Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act (“BPCIA”), (ii) secure the full benefit of first-to-file regulatory approval status secured under the Hatch-Waxman Act and (iii) change the value of the brand products prior to the launch of generic versions.
For example, if a competitor initiates a recall and there is an unexpected increase in the demand for our products, we may not be 38 able to meet such increased demand. Insufficient inventory levels may lead to shortages that result in loss of sales opportunities altogether as potential end-customers turn to competitors' products that are readily available.
For example, if a competitor initiates a recall and there is an unexpected increase in the demand for our products, we may not be able to meet such increased demand. Insufficient inventory levels may lead to shortages that result in loss of sales opportunities altogether as potential end-customers turn to competitors’ products that are readily available.
Any one of these challenges or risks could impair our ability to realize any benefit from an acquisition or arrangement after we have expended resources on them. Bausch + Lomb has recently completed a number of acquisitions and in-licensing transactions and may, in the future, seek to identify and acquire certain other assets, products and businesses.
Any one of these challenges or risks could impair our ability to realize any benefit from an acquisition or arrangement after we have expended resources on them. Bausch + Lomb has completed a number of acquisitions and in-licensing transactions and may, in the future, seek to identify and acquire certain other assets, products and businesses.
We operate in many parts of the world that 47 have experienced governmental corruption and in certain circumstances, strict compliance with anti-bribery laws may conflict with local customs and practices or may require us to interact with doctors and hospitals, some of which may be state controlled, in a manner that is different than in the U.S. and Canada.
We operate in many parts of the world that have experienced governmental corruption and in certain circumstances, strict compliance with anti-bribery laws may conflict with local customs and practices or may require us to interact with doctors and hospitals, some of which may be state controlled, in a manner that is different than in the U.S. and Canada.
It is unclear whether other states will follow Florida’s lead or what the impact of the FDA’s novel decision to allow a state to import prescription drugs from another country will be. Studies to evaluate the related costs and benefits, the 50 reasonableness of the logistics, and measure the public reaction of such a plan have not been performed.
It is unclear whether other states will follow Florida’s lead or what the impact of the FDA’s novel decision to allow a state to import prescription drugs from another country will be. Studies to evaluate the related costs and benefits, the reasonableness of the logistics, and measure the public reaction of such a plan have not been performed.
We continue to evaluate the structure of any potential Distribution and its other related details, and we have determined that any B+L Separation could also be implemented through a tax-free reduction of capital, which could provide us and Bausch + Lomb additional flexibility with respect to strategic alternatives following the completion of a Distribution.
We continue to evaluate the structure of any potential Distribution and its other related details, and we have determined that any B+L Separation could also be implemented through a tax-free reduction of capital, which could provide us and Bausch + Lomb additional flexibility with respect to 18 strategic alternatives following the completion of a Distribution.
For more information regarding applicable data privacy and security laws and regulations, see Item 1. “Business — Government Regulations” of this Form 10-K. We are also subject to U.S. federal laws regarding reporting and payment obligations with respect to our participation in federal health care programs, including Medicare and Medicaid.
For more information regarding applicable data privacy and security laws and regulations, see Item 1. “Business — Government Regulations” of this Form 10-K. 43 We are also subject to U.S. federal laws regarding reporting and payment obligations with respect to our participation in federal health care programs, including Medicare and Medicaid.
In addition, in the U.S., it has become increasingly common for patent infringement actions to prompt claims that antitrust laws have been violated during the prosecution of the patent or during litigation involving the defense of that patent. Such claims by direct and indirect purchasers and other payers are typically filed as class actions.
In addition, in the U.S., it has become increasingly common for patent infringement actions to prompt claims that antitrust laws have been violated during the prosecution of the patent or during litigation involving the defense of that patent. 20 Such claims by direct and indirect purchasers and other payers are typically filed as class actions.
We also cannot ensure that any limitation of liability or indemnity provisions in our 46 contracts, including with vendors and service providers, for a security lapse or breach or other security incident would be enforceable or adequate or would otherwise protect us from any liabilities or damages with respect to any particular claim.
We also cannot ensure that any limitation of liability or indemnity provisions in our contracts, including with vendors and service providers, for a security lapse or breach or other security incident would be enforceable or adequate or would otherwise protect us from any liabilities or damages with respect to any particular claim.
Under the MDR, several transitional measures apply to medical devices that are certified under the MDD or AIMDD prior to May 26, 2021 or, for class I devices, for which a declaration of conformity was drawn up prior to May 26, 2021, allowing these devices to be placed on the market after May 26, 2021 under certain conditions for a transitional period.
Under the MDR, several transitional measures apply to medical devices that are certified under the MDD or AIMDD prior to May 26, 2021 or, for class I devices, for which a declaration of conformity was drawn up prior to 31 May 26, 2021, allowing these devices to be placed on the market after May 26, 2021 under certain conditions for a transitional period.
For example, the allegations about the activities of Philidor and our former relationship with Philidor have resulted in a number of investigations, inquiries and legal proceedings against us, which have damaged and may further damage our reputation and result in damages, fines, penalties or administrative sanctions against the Company and/or certain of our officers.
For example, the allegations about the activities of Philidor and our former relationship with Philidor have resulted in a number of investigations, inquiries and legal proceedings against us, which have damaged and may further damage our reputation and result in damages, fines, penalties or administrative sanctions against the Company and/or 21 certain of our officers.
We or our contract manufacturers may not be able to comply with such regulations without incurring additional expenses, which could be significant. Our revenues and profits from generic products may decline as a result of changes in regulatory policy. In addition, the U.S.
We or our contract manufacturers may not be able to comply with such regulations without incurring additional expenses, which could be significant. 32 Our revenues and profits from generic products may decline as a result of changes in regulatory policy. In addition, the U.S.
For example, we make payments or give credits to certain wholesalers for the difference between the invoice price paid to us by our wholesaler customer for a particular product and the negotiated price that such wholesaler sells such products 41 to its hospitals, group purchasing organizations, pharmacies or other retail customers.
For example, we make payments or give credits to certain wholesalers for the difference between the invoice price paid to us by our wholesaler customer for a particular product and the negotiated price that such wholesaler sells such products to its hospitals, group purchasing organizations, pharmacies or other retail customers.
We must constantly update our information technology systems and infrastructure and undertake investments in new information technology systems and infrastructure. However, we cannot provide assurance that the information technology systems and infrastructure on which we depend, including those of third parties, will continue to meet our current and future 45 business needs or adequately safeguard our operations.
We must constantly update our information technology systems and infrastructure and undertake investments in new information technology systems and infrastructure. However, we cannot provide assurance that the information technology systems and infrastructure on which we depend, including those of third parties, will continue to meet our current and future business needs or adequately safeguard our operations.
We also attempt to enter into agreements whereby such employees, consultants, advisors and partners assign to us the rights in any intellectual property they develop in the course of their engagement with us. These agreements may be breached, and we may not have adequate remedies for any breach.
We also attempt to enter into agreements whereby such employees, 26 consultants, advisors and partners assign to us the rights in any intellectual property they develop in the course of their engagement with us. These agreements may be breached, and we may not have adequate remedies for any breach.
Managed care organizations and other third-party payors try to negotiate the pricing of medical services and products to control their costs. Managed care organizations and pharmacy benefit managers typically develop formularies to reduce their cost for medications. Formularies can be based on the prices and therapeutic benefits of the available products.
Managed care organizations and other third-party payors try to negotiate the pricing of medical services and products to control their costs. Managed care organizations and pharmacy benefit managers typically develop formularies to reduce their 35 cost for medications. Formularies can be based on the prices and therapeutic benefits of the available products.
We cannot provide assurance as to the ultimate content, timing, effect or impact of such a plan. In 2019, the Government of Canada (Health Canada) published in the Canada Gazette the new pricing regulation for patented drugs. These regulations became effective on July 1, 2022.
We cannot provide assurance as to the ultimate content, timing, effect or impact of such a plan. 44 In 2019, the Government of Canada (Health Canada) published in the Canada Gazette the new pricing regulation for patented drugs. These regulations became effective on July 1, 2022.
In addition, if such transactions are not completed for any reason, the market price of our common shares may reflect a market assumption that such transactions will occur, and a failure to complete such transactions could result in a negative perception by the market of us generally and a decline in the market price of our common shares.
In addition, if such transactions are not completed for any reason, the market price of our common shares may reflect a market assumption that 28 such transactions will occur, and a failure to complete such transactions could result in a negative perception by the market of us generally and a decline in the market price of our common shares.
However, if we make any significant changes in the design or intended purpose of our devices, they will no longer benefit from such transitional periods. Generally, the MDR imposes stricter requirements on manufacturers, importers and 35 distributors of medical devices.
However, if we make any significant changes in the design or intended purpose of our devices, they will no longer benefit from such transitional periods. Generally, the MDR imposes stricter requirements on manufacturers, importers and distributors of medical devices.
In addition, since March 31, 2014, we have self-insured substantially all of our product liability risk for claims arising after that date. We periodically evaluate and adjust our claims reserves to reflect trends in our own experience, as well as industry trends.
Since March 31, 2014, we have self-insured substantially all of our product liability risk for claims arising after that date. We periodically evaluate and adjust our claims reserves to reflect trends in our own experience, as well as industry trends.
We face foreign currency exposure in those countries where we have revenue denominated in the local foreign currency and expenses denominated in other currencies. Both favorable and unfavorable foreign currency impacts to our foreign currency-denominated operating 43 expenses are mitigated to a certain extent by the natural, opposite impact on our foreign currency-denominated revenue.
We face foreign currency exposure in those countries where we have revenue denominated in the local foreign currency and expenses denominated in other currencies. Both favorable and unfavorable foreign currency impacts to our foreign currency-denominated operating expenses are mitigated to a certain extent by the natural, opposite impact on our foreign currency-denominated revenue.
Our ability to respond to these competitive pressures will depend on our ability to decrease our costs and maintain gross margins and operating results and to introduce new products successfully and on a timely basis, and to achieve manufacturing efficiencies and sufficient manufacturing capacity and capabilities for such products.
Our ability to respond to these competitive pressures will depend on our ability to decrease our costs and 27 maintain gross margins and operating results and to introduce new products successfully and on a timely basis, and to achieve manufacturing efficiencies and sufficient manufacturing capacity and capabilities for such products.
Preclinical studies and clinical trials are expensive, complex, can take many years and have uncertain outcomes. None of, or only a small number of, our research and development programs may actually result in the commercialization of a product.
Preclinical studies and clinical trials are expensive, complex, can take many years and have uncertain outcomes. None of, or only a small number of, our research and 30 development programs may actually result in the commercialization of a product.
The implementation of an Environmental, Health and Safety Management System across our facilities has resulted in the development of processes to prepare and respond to a range of natural emergencies that may occur, including extreme weather events.
The implementation of an Environmental, Health and Safety Management System across our facilities has resulted in the development of processes to prepare and respond to a range of natural emergencies that may occur, including extreme weather 45 events.
Pharmaceutical and medical device companies have faced lawsuits and investigations pertaining to violations of health care “fraud and abuse” laws, such as the federal False Claims Act, the federal Anti-Kickback Statute (“AKS”) and other state and federal laws and regulations.
Pharmaceutical and medical device companies have faced lawsuits and investigations pertaining to violations of health care “fraud and abuse” laws, such as the federal False Claims Act, the federal Anti-Kickback Statute and other state and federal laws and regulations.
The new EU AI Act applies to both public and private actors inside and outside of the EU as long as the AI system is placed on the EU market, or its use has an impact on people located in the EU.
The EU AI Act applies to both public and private actors inside and outside of the EU as long as the AI system is placed on the EU market, or its use has an impact on people located in the EU.
In the U.S. and Europe, regulatory authorities have continued to challenge as anti-competitive so-called “reverse payment” settlements between branded and generic drug manufacturers. We may also be subject to other antitrust litigation involving competition claims unrelated to patent infringement and prosecution. For more information regarding legal proceedings, see Note 20, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements.
In the U.S. and Europe, regulatory authorities have continued to challenge as anti-competitive so-called “reverse payment” settlements between branded and generic drug manufacturers. We may also be subject to other antitrust litigation involving competition claims unrelated to patent infringement and prosecution. For more information regarding legal proceedings, see Note 21, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements.
While we will remain responsive 52 to shareholder demands, there is no assurance that we will achieve their objectives, or that doing so will decrease the likelihood of activist shareholder engagement in the future.
While we will remain responsive to shareholder demands, there is no assurance that we will achieve their objectives, or that doing so will decrease the likelihood of activist shareholder engagement in the future.
General Risk Factors Our operating results and financial condition may fluctuate. Our operating results and financial condition may fluctuate from quarter to quarter for a number of reasons. In addition, our stock price can be volatile.
General Risk Factors Our operating results and financial condition may fluctuate. 47 Our operating results and financial condition may fluctuate from quarter to quarter for a number of reasons. In addition, our stock price can be volatile.
The Company may consider taking other actions, including divesting other businesses, refinancing debt, issuing equity or equity-linked securities, and the monetization of a portion of its holdings of common shares of Bausch + Lomb, as deemed appropriate, to provide additional coverage in complying with the financial maintenance covenant and meeting its debt service obligations, or may negotiate with the applicable lenders for an amendment or modification to such covenant, as deemed appropriate.
The Company may consider taking other actions, including divesting other businesses, refinancing debt, issuing equity or equity-linked securities, and the monetization of a portion of its holdings of common shares of Bausch + Lomb, as deemed appropriate, to provide additional coverage in complying with the financial maintenance covenants and meeting its debt service obligations, or may negotiate with the applicable lenders for an amendment or modification to such covenants, as deemed appropriate.
At this time, we cannot predict what specific pricing changes the Patient Access and Pricing Team will make for the remainder of 2025 or beyond nor can we predict what other changes in our business practices we may implement with respect to pricing (such as imposing limits or prohibitions on the amount of pricing increases we may take on certain of our products or taking retroactive or future price reductions).
At this time, we cannot predict what specific pricing changes the Patient Access and Pricing Team will make for the remainder of 2026 or beyond nor can we predict what other changes in our business practices we may implement with respect to pricing (such as imposing limits or prohibitions on the amount of pricing increases we may take on certain of our products or taking retroactive or future price reductions).
In addition, in recent years, in the U.S., state and federal governments have considered implementing legislation that would control or regulate the prices of drugs. Other countries have announced or implemented measures on pricing, including suspensions on price increases, prospective and possibly retroactive price reductions and other recoupments. These measures and proposed measures vary by country.
In addition, in recent years, in the U.S., state and federal governments have announced or implemented legislation that would control or regulate the prices of drugs. Other countries have announced or implemented measures on pricing, including suspensions on price increases, prospective and possibly retroactive price reductions and other recoupments. These measures and proposed measures vary by country.
Any additional debt, to the extent we are able to incur it, may further restrict the manner in which we conduct business.
Any additional debt, to the extent we are able to incur it, may further restrict the manner in which we 23 conduct business.
We are unable to predict how long such proceedings, investigations and inquiries will continue, but we anticipate that we will continue to incur significant costs in connection with some or all of these matters and that some or all of these proceedings, investigations and inquiries will result in a substantial distraction of management’s time, regardless of the outcome.
We are unable to predict how long such proceedings will continue, but we anticipate that we will continue to incur significant costs in connection with some or all of these matters and that some or all of these proceedings will result in a substantial distraction of management’s time, regardless of the outcome.
Based on our current forecast for the next twelve months from the date of issuance of this Form 10-K, we expect to remain in compliance with this financial maintenance covenant and meet our debt obligations over that same period.
Based on our current forecast for the next twelve months from the date of issuance of this Form 10-K, we expect to remain in compliance with the financial maintenance covenants and meet our debt obligations over that same period.
In addition, certain of our 20 current or former officers and directors also serve as officers or directors of Bausch + Lomb.
In addition, certain of our current or former officers and directors also serve as officers or directors of Bausch + Lomb.
If we are found to infringe, misappropriate or otherwise violate the intellectual property rights of others, we could lose our right to develop, manufacture or sell products, including our generic products, or could be required to pay monetary damages or royalties to license proprietary rights from third parties, which could be substantial and include treble damages and attorneys’ fees, if we are found to willfully infringe any intellectual property rights of others.
If we are found to infringe, misappropriate or otherwise violate the intellectual property rights of others, we could lose our right to develop, manufacture or sell products, including our generic products, or could be required to pay monetary damages or royalties to license proprietary rights from third parties, which could be substantial and may include treble damages and attorneys’ fees.
There are rapid and ongoing developments and regulations and changing expectations relating to ESG matters and factors such as the impact of our operations on climate change, water and waste management, our practices relating to sustainability and product stewardship, product safety, access to health care and affordable drugs, management of business ethics and human capital development, which may result in increased regulatory, social, investor or other scrutiny on us.
There are rapid, diverging and ongoing developments and regulations and changing expectations relating to ESG matters and factors such as the impact of our operations on climate change, water and waste management, our practices relating to corporate diversity initiatives, sustainability and product stewardship, product safety, access to health care and affordable drugs, management of business ethics and human capital development, which may result in increased regulatory, social, investor or other scrutiny on us.
Other Risks If we fail to maintain adequate internal controls, our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and/or the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities may be adversely affected. Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reasonable assurance with respect to our financial reports.
Other Risks If we fail to maintain adequate internal controls, our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and/or the market value of our securities may be adversely affected. Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reasonable assurance with respect to our financial reports.
We have undertaken a number of divestitures of certain of our assets and businesses. We may, in the future, seek to divest additional assets and/or businesses, some of which may be material and/or transformative, which could adversely affect our business, prospects and opportunities for growth and could cause the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities to decline.
We have undertaken a number of divestitures of certain of our assets and businesses. We may, in the future, seek to divest additional assets and/or businesses, some of which may be material and/or transformative, which could adversely affect our business, prospects and opportunities for growth and could cause the market value of our securities to decline.
Our ability to retain or recruit executive and other key employees may be hindered or delayed by, among other things, competition from other employers who may be able to offer more attractive compensation packages, the reputational challenges the Company has faced as a result of historical issues and may in the future continue to face and the perceived or actual uncertainty created by the B+L Separation.
Our ability to retain or recruit executive and other key employees to strengthen our management team and workforce may be hindered or delayed by, among other things, competition from other employers who may be able to offer more attractive compensation packages, the reputational challenges the Company has faced as a result of historical issues and may in the future continue to face and the perceived or actual uncertainty created by the B+L Separation.
The disruption to, or suspension of, our business and operations in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine would adversely impact our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations in this region which may, in turn, materially adversely impact our overall business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations, which impact could be material, and could cause the market value of our common shares to decline.
The disruption to, or suspension of, our business and operations in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus would adversely impact our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations in this region which may, in turn, materially adversely impact our overall business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations, which impact could be material, and could cause the market value of our securities to decline.
Further escalation of the conflict in the Middle East and geopolitical tensions related to such military conflict, including increased trade barriers or restrictions on global trade, could result in, among other things, cyber-attacks, supply disruptions, lower consumer demand, and changes to foreign exchange rates and financial markets, any of which may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Further escalation of the conflict in the Middle East and geopolitical tensions related to such military conflict, including increased trade barriers or restrictions on global trade, could result in, among other things, cyber- 40 attacks, supply disruptions, lower consumer demand, and changes to foreign exchange rates and financial markets, any of which may adversely affect our business.
Our business and operations could be negatively affected by shareholder activism, which could cause us to incur significant expenses, hinder execution of our business strategy and impact the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities. In recent years, shareholder activism involving corporate governance, fiduciary duties of directors and officers, strategic direction and operations has become increasingly prevalent.
Our business and operations could be negatively affected by shareholder activism, which could cause us to incur significant expenses, hinder execution of our business strategy and impact the market value of our securities. In recent years, shareholder activism involving corporate governance, fiduciary duties of directors and officers, strategic direction and operations has become increasingly prevalent.
In the U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions, there have been a number of legislative and regulatory proposals to change the health care system in ways that could impact our ability to sell our products profitably.
In the U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions, there have been a number of legislative and regulatory proposals to change the health care system in ways that could impact our ability to sell our products profitably, including the OBBBA and the IRA.
Such shareholder activism may also create uncertainties with respect to our financial position and operations, may adversely affect our ability to attract and retain key employees and may result in loss of potential business opportunities with our current and potential customers and business partners, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations.
Such shareholder activism may also create uncertainties with respect to our financial position and operations, may adversely affect our ability to attract and retain key employees and may result in loss of potential business opportunities with our current and potential customers and business partners, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
In addition, the lenders under our 2022 Amended Credit Agreement and holders of our senior notes may impose additional operating and financial restrictions on us as a condition to granting any such waiver.
In addition, the lenders under our 2025 Credit Agreement and holders of our senior notes may impose additional operating and financial restrictions on us as a condition to granting any such waiver.
Further, if faced with these incidents of adverse drug reactions, unintended side effects or misuse relating to our products, we may elect to voluntarily implement a recall or market withdrawal of our product.
Further, if faced with these incidents of adverse drug reactions, unintended side effects or misuse relating to our products or for other reasons, we may elect to voluntarily implement a recall or market withdrawal of our product.
We may not consummate some negotiations for acquisitions or other arrangements, which could result in significant diversion of management and other employee time, as well as substantial out-of-pocket costs. In addition, there are a number of risks and uncertainties relating to the consummation of potential transactions.
Acquisitions or similar arrangements may be complex, time consuming and expensive. We may not consummate some negotiations for acquisitions or other arrangements, which could result in significant diversion of management and other employee time, as well as substantial out-of-pocket costs. In addition, there are a number of risks and uncertainties relating to the consummation of potential transactions.
These asset impairments were primarily attributable to revisions in sales forecasts associated with discontinuances, generic competition and other market forces. In addition to impairments to finite-lived intangible assets, for 2024 there was no impairment to goodwill. For 2023 and 2022, we recognized $493 million and $824 million, respectively in impairments to goodwill.
These asset impairments were primarily attributable to revisions in sales forecasts associated with discontinuances, generic competition and other market forces. In addition to impairments to finite-lived intangible assets, for 2024 there was no impairment to goodwill. For 2025 and 2023, we recognized $145 million and $493 46 million in impairments to goodwill, respectively.
In the past, our credit ratings have been downgraded. Any further downgrade in our corporate credit ratings or other credit ratings may increase our cost of borrowing and may negatively impact our ability to raise additional debt capital.
In the past, our credit ratings have been downgraded. Any further downgrade in our corporate or Bausch + Lomb’s credit ratings or other credit ratings may, among other things, increase our cost of borrowing and may negatively impact our ability to raise additional debt capital.
Furthermore, we will be required to use the net proceeds (or substantial portions 32 thereof) from certain asset sales to repay the term loans under the 2022 Amended Credit Agreement, subject to certain reinvestment rights.
Furthermore, we will be required to use the net proceeds (or substantial portions thereof) from certain asset sales to repay the term loans under the 2025 Credit Agreement, subject to certain reinvestment rights.
Although we establish reserves based on our prior experience, wholesaler data, then-current on-hand inventory, our best estimates of the impact that these policies may have in subsequent periods and certain other considerations, we cannot ensure that our reserves are adequate or that actual product returns, rebates, allowances and chargebacks will not exceed our estimates, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities to decline.
Although we establish reserves based on our prior experience, wholesaler data, then-current on-hand inventory, our best estimates of the impact that these policies may have in subsequent periods and certain other considerations, we cannot ensure that our reserves are adequate or that actual product returns, rebates, allowances and chargebacks will not exceed our estimates, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
The unauthorized access to or disclosure of our proprietary information or the loss of such intellectual property rights may impact our ability to develop, manufacture and market our own products or may assist competitors in the development, manufacture and sale of competing products, which could have a material adverse effect on our revenues, financial condition, cash flows or results of operations and could cause the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities to decline.
The unauthorized access to or disclosure of our proprietary information or the loss of such intellectual property rights may impact our ability to develop, manufacture and market our own products or may assist competitors in the development, manufacture and sale of competing products, which could have a material adverse effect on our revenues, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
If our development projects are not successful or are significantly delayed, we may not recover our substantial investments in the pipeline product and our failure to bring these pipeline products to market on a timely basis, or at all, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities to decline.
If our development projects are not successful or are significantly delayed, we may not recover our substantial investments in the pipeline product and our failure to bring these pipeline products to market on a timely basis, or at all, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Under the pillar one proposals, a portion of the residual profits of multinational enterprise (“MNE”) groups with global turnover above €20 billion and a profit margin above 10% will be allocated to market jurisdictions where such allocated profits would be taxed.
Under pillar one, a portion of the residual profits of multinational enterprise (“MNE”) groups with global turnover above €20 billion and a profit margin above 10% would be allocated to (and taxed in) market jurisdictions.
We may also suffer reputational harm as a result of our continued operations in Russia, which may adversely impact our sales and other businesses in other countries. Finally, we have one global clinical trial involving Russia, Ukraine and Belarus with patients enrolled. We continue to support the existing patients, but have no plans to enroll new patients at this time.
We may also suffer reputational harm as a result of our continued operations in Russia. Finally, we have one global clinical trial involving Russia, Ukraine and Belarus with patients enrolled. We continue to support the existing patients, but have no plans to enroll new patients at this time.
We have begun to incorporate proprietary and third party artificial intelligence (“AI”) into certain aspects of our business and operations, and may continue to do so in the future. There may be significant risks involved in utilizing AI and no assurance can be provided that our use will enhance our business and operations or produce the intended results.
We utilize proprietary and third party artificial intelligence (“AI”) in various aspects of our business and operations, and may continue to do so in the future. There may be significant risks involved in utilizing AI and no assurance can be provided that our use will enhance our business and operations or produce the intended results.
As a result, quarter-to-quarter comparisons of results from operations, or any other similar period-to-period comparisons, may not be reliable indicators of our future performance. In any quarterly period, our results may be below the expectations of market analysts and investors, which could cause the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities to decline. Item 1B.
As a result, quarter-to-quarter comparisons of results from operations, or any other similar period-to-period comparisons, may not be reliable indicators of our future performance. In any quarterly period, our results may be below the expectations of market analysts and investors, which could cause the market value of our securities to decline. Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments None.
The commercial launch of a product takes significant time, resources, personnel and expertise, which we may not have in sufficient levels to achieve success, and is subject to various market conditions, some of which may be beyond our control.
Launching and commercializing products is time consuming, expensive and unpredictable. The commercial launch of a product takes significant time, resources, personnel and expertise, which we may not have in sufficient levels to achieve success, and is subject to various market conditions, some of which may be beyond our control.
In addition, such shareholder activism may cause significant fluctuations in the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities based on temporary or speculative market perceptions, uncertainties or other factors that do not necessarily reflect the underlying fundamentals and prospects of our business, and could cause the market value of our common shares to decline.
In addition, such shareholder activism may cause significant fluctuations in the market value of our securities based on temporary or speculative market perceptions, uncertainties or other factors that do not necessarily reflect the underlying fundamentals and prospects of our business.
However, we can make no assurance that we will be able to comply with the restrictive covenants contained in the 2022 Amended Credit Agreement and indentures in the future.
We can make no assurance that we will be able to comply with the restrictive covenants contained in the 2025 Credit Agreement and indentures in the future.
We have operations in various countries that have differing tax laws and rates. Our tax reporting is supported by current domestic tax laws in the countries in which we operate and the application of tax treaties between the various countries in which we operate. Our income tax reporting is subject to audit by domestic and foreign authorities.
Our tax reporting is supported by current domestic tax laws in the countries in which we operate and the application of tax treaties between the various countries in which we operate. Our income tax reporting is subject to audit by domestic and foreign authorities.
Our failure to comply with these covenants could trigger events, which could result in the acceleration of the related debt, a cross-default or cross-acceleration to other debt, foreclosure upon any collateral securing the debt and termination of any commitments to lend, each of which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations and would cause the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities to decline and could lead to bankruptcy or liquidation.
Our failure to comply with these covenants could trigger events, which could result in the acceleration of the related debt, a cross-default or cross-acceleration to other debt, foreclosure upon any collateral securing the debt and termination of any commitments to lend, each of which would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and cash flows, and could lead to bankruptcy or liquidation.
In addition, we could, in the future, face additional legal proceedings and investigations and inquiries by governmental agencies relating to these or similar matters. For more information regarding legal proceedings, see Note 20, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements.
In addition, we could, in the future, face additional legal and governmental proceedings relating to these or similar matters. For more information regarding legal proceedings, see Note 21, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements.
If impairment exists, we would be required to take an impairment charge with respect to the impaired asset. For example, for 2024, 2023 and 2022, we recognized impairments to finite-lived intangible assets of $24 million, $54 million and $15 million, respectively.
If impairment exists, we would be required to take an impairment charge with respect to the impaired asset. For example, for 2025, 2024 and 2023, we recognized impairments to finite-lived intangible assets of $8 million, $29 million and $54 million, respectively.
If we fail to achieve compliance, we will not be able to market and sell the non-compliant products in the EEA, nor will we be able to rely on the non-compliant registration for such products in regions outside of the EEA, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations in the EEA and, possibly, on a consolidated basis, and could cause the market value of our common shares to decline.
If we fail to achieve compliance, we will not be able to market and sell the non-compliant products in the EEA, nor will we be able to rely on the non-compliant registration for such products in regions outside of the EEA, which could have a material adverse effect on our business in the EEA and, possibly, on a consolidated basis, could cause the market value of our securities to decline.
Bausch + Lomb may experience difficulties in integrating any acquired assets, products and businesses and Bausch + Lomb may fail to realize the anticipated benefits of any such acquisitions. 33 Bausch + Lomb has recently completed a number of acquisitions and in-licensing transactions.
Bausch + Lomb may experience difficulties in integrating any acquired assets, products and businesses and Bausch + Lomb may fail to realize the anticipated benefits of any such acquisitions. Over the last several years, Bausch + Lomb has completed a number of acquisitions and in-licensing transactions.
The pharmaceutical, OTC and medical device industries are extremely competitive. Our success and future growth depend, in part, on our ability to develop, license or acquire products that are more effective than those of our competitors or that incorporate the latest technologies and our ability to effectively manufacture and market those products.
Our success and future growth depend, in part, on our ability to develop, license or acquire products that are more effective than those of our competitors or that incorporate the latest technologies and our ability to effectively manufacture and market those products.
As of February 12, 2025, the new Trump administration has signed over 60 executive orders on a range of issues, including with respect to diversity, equity, inclusion and accessibility programs, policies and related issues, tariffs and other trade protection measures, environmental and energy-related matters, regulation of artificial intelligence and review of existing legislation and regulations (such as the FCPA and IRA).
The Trump administration has signed many executive orders on a range of issues, including with respect to diversity, equity, inclusion and accessibility programs, policies and related issues, tariffs and other trade protection measures, environmental and energy-related matters, regulation of artificial intelligence and review of existing legislation and regulations (such as the FCPA and IRA). Additional executive orders are anticipated.
The continuation of the conflict between Ukraine and Russia, any escalation of that conflict, and the financial and economic sanctions and import and/or export controls imposed on Russia by the U.S., the UK, the EU, Canada and others, and the above-mentioned adverse effect on our operations (both in this region and generally) and on the wider global economy and market conditions could, in turn, have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities to decline.
The continuation of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, any escalation of that conflict, and the financial and economic sanctions and import and/or export controls imposed on Russia by the U.S., the UK, the EU, Canada and others, and the above-mentioned adverse effect on our operations (both in this region and generally) and on the wider global economy and market conditions could, in turn, have a material adverse impact on our business.
The effects of the ongoing conflict could heighten many of our known risks described in these “Risk Factors.” Risks Relating to Information Technology We have become increasingly dependent on information technology systems and infrastructure and any breakdown, interruption, breach or other compromise of our or our third-party service providers’ information technology systems could compromise sensitive information related to our business or prevent us from accessing critical information and subject us to liability or interrupt the operation of our business, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities to decline.
The effects of the ongoing conflict could heighten many of our known risks described in these “Risk Factors.” Risks Relating to Information Technology We have become increasingly dependent on information technology systems and infrastructure and any breakdown, interruption, breach or other compromise of our or our third-party service providers’ information technology systems could compromise sensitive information related to our business or prevent us from accessing critical information and subject us to liability or interrupt the operation of our business, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
In addition, wholesalers and retail drug chains have undergone, and are continuing to undergo, significant consolidation. This consolidation may result in these groups gaining additional purchasing leverage and consequently increasing the product pricing pressures facing our business.
In addition, wholesalers and retail drug chains have undergone, and are continuing to undergo, significant consolidation. This consolidation may result in these groups gaining additional purchasing leverage and consequently increasing the product pricing pressures facing our business. The result of these developments could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Any failure of such third parties to meet these legal, contractual and regulatory obligations or any improper actions by such third parties or even allegations of such non-compliance or actions could damage our reputation, adversely impact our ability to conduct business in certain markets and subject us to civil or criminal legal proceedings and regulatory investigations, monetary and non-monetary damages and penalties and could cause us to incur significant legal and investigatory fees and, as a result, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities to decline.
Any failure of such third parties to meet these legal, contractual and regulatory obligations or any improper actions by such third parties or even allegations of such non-compliance or actions could damage our reputation, adversely impact our ability to conduct business in certain markets and subject us to civil or criminal legal proceedings and regulatory investigations, monetary and non-monetary damages and penalties and could cause us to incur significant legal and investigatory fees and, as a result, could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Our inability to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our debt obligations or to refinance our obligations on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities to decline.
Our inability to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our debt obligations or to refinance our obligations on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
As noted above, given recent executive orders, additional proposed changes to such legislation and regulations are also anticipated from the new Trump administration.
As noted above, given the Trump administration’s executive orders, additional proposed changes to such legislation and regulations are also anticipated.
We are also subject to various state, federal and international laws and regulations governing the collection, transmission, dissemination, use, privacy, confidentiality, security, retention, availability, integrity and other processing of health-related and other sensitive and personal information, including HIPAA. Many states in which we operate have laws that protect the privacy and security of sensitive and personal information, including health-related information.
We are also subject to various state, federal and international laws and regulations governing the collection, transmission, dissemination, use, privacy, confidentiality, security, retention, availability, integrity and other processing of health-related and other sensitive and personal information, including HIPAA and CCPA.

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Item 1C. Cybersecurity

Cybersecurity — threats and controls disclosure

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The purpose of the Program is to deploy a comprehensive framework designed to reasonably protect our information assets, systems, and networks from potential threats; and enable a prompt response to cybersecurity events and, if necessary, recovery from cyber-attacks using a combination of risk management and cybersecurity frameworks.
The purpose of the Program is to deploy a comprehensive framework designed to reasonably protect our information assets, systems, and networks from potential threats, and to enable a prompt response to cybersecurity events and, if necessary, recovery from cyber-attacks using a combination of risk management and cybersecurity frameworks.
The policies and procedures established pursuant to the Program include: • Govern – Identify cybersecurity priorities and related outcomes as a component of the Company’s strategic planning processes. • Identification – Identify and manage cybersecurity risk to systems, assets, data, people, and capabilities using measures such as asset management and assessment of suppliers and third-party partners, including using audits and testing. • Protection – I mplementation of safeguards designed to ensure delivery of critical infrastructure services, including identity management and access control, security training, and use of protective technologies. • Detection – Detection of the occurrence of a nomalies and cybersecurity events through logging, monitoring and communicating to appropriate personnel. • Response – Establishing appropriate responses when cybersecurity events are detected, including response planning and leveraging communications channels. • Recovery – R estore any capabilities or services that were impaired as a result of a cybersecurity incident, by executing documented recovery plans.
The policies and procedures established pursuant to the Program include: • Govern – Identify cybersecurity priorities and related outcomes as a component of the Company’s strategic planning processes. 48 • Identification – Identify and manage cybersecurity risk to systems, assets, data, people, and capabilities using measures such as asset management and assessment of suppliers and third-party partners, including using audits and testing. • Protection – I mplementation of safeguards designed to ensure delivery of critical infrastructure services, including identity management and access control, security training, and use of protective technologies. • Detection – Detection of the occurrence of a nomalies and cybersecurity events through logging, monitoring and communicating to appropriate personnel. • Response – Establishing appropriate responses when cybersecurity events are detected, including response planning and leveraging communications channels. • Recovery – R estore any capabilities or services that were impaired as a result of a cybersecurity incident, by executing documented recovery plans.
Members of our Global Cybersecurity Disclosure Committee have work experience managing cybersecurity and information security risks, an understanding of the cybersecurity threat landscape and/or knowledge of emerging cybersecurity and data privacy risks.
Members of our Global Cybersecurity Disclosure Committee have work experience managing cybersecurity and information security risks, an understanding of the cybersecurity threat landscape and/or knowledge of emerging cybersecurity and data privacy risks. 49
Please refer to “Risk Factors— Risks Relating to Information Technology—We have become increasingly dependent on information technology systems and infrastructure and any breakdown, interruption, breach or other compromise of our or our third-party service providers’ information technology systems could compromise sensitive information related to our business or prevent us from accessing critical information and subject us to liability or interrupt the operation of our business, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common shares and/or debt securities to decline.” under Item 1A. of this Form 10-K for additional description of cybersecurity risks and potential related impacts on our Company. 55 Governance The Audit and Risk Committee of the Board, comprised fully of independent directors, is responsible for assisting the Board in oversight of risk, including cybersecurity risks.
Please refer to “Risk Factors— Risks Relating to Information Technology—We have become increasingly dependent on information technology systems and infrastructure and any breakdown, interruption, breach or other compromise of our or our third-party service providers’ information technology systems could compromise sensitive information related to our business or prevent us from accessing critical information and subject us to liability or interrupt the operation of our business, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations.” under Item 1A. of this Form 10-K for additional description of cybersecurity risks and potential related impacts on our Company.
Added
Governance The Audit and Risk Committee of the Board, comprised fully of independent directors, is responsible for assisting the Board in oversight of risk, including cybersecurity risks.

Item 2. Properties

Properties — owned and leased real estate

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Item 2. Properties We own and lease a number of properties. Our headquarters and one of our manufacturing facilities are located in Laval, Quebec. We own several manufacturing facilities throughout the U.S.
Item 2. Properties We own and lease a number of properties. Our headquarters and one of our manufacturing facilities are located in Laval, Quebec with an administrative office shared with Bausch + Lomb in Bridgewater, New Jersey. We own several manufacturing facilities throughout the U.S.
We also own or have an interest in manufacturing plants or other properties outside the U.S., including in Canada, Mexico, and certain countries in Europe, Asia and South America. We consider our facilities to be in satisfactory condition and suitable for their intended use. Our administrative, marketing, research/laboratory, distribution and warehousing facilities are located in various parts of the world.
We also own or have an interest in manufacturing plants or other properties outside the U.S., including in Canada, Mexico, and certain countries in Europe, Asia and South America. Our facilities in aggregate are approximately 10 million square feet. We consider our facilities to be in satisfactory condition, suitable for their intended use and sufficient to conduct our operations.
As a result, the Company recognized an impairment to the right-of-use asset and a charge for the required termination payment. Item 3. Legal Proceedings See Note 20, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for details on legal proceedings. Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures Not applicable. 57 PART II
Our scientists, engineers, quality assurance/quality control professionals and manufacturing technicians work side-by-side in designing and manufacturing products that fit the needs and requirements of our customers, regulators and business units. Item 3. Legal Proceedings See Note 21, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for details on legal proceedings. Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures Not applicable. 50 PART II
Removed
We co-locate our R&D activities with our manufacturing at the plant level in a number of facilities. Our scientists, engineers, quality assurance/quality control professionals and manufacturing technicians work side-by-side in designing and manufacturing products that fit the needs and requirements of our customers, regulators and business units. 56 We believe that we have sufficient facilities to conduct our operations.
Added
Our administrative, marketing, research/laboratory, distribution and warehousing facilities are located in various parts of the world. We co-locate our R&D activities with our manufacturing at the plant level in a number of facilities.
Removed
Our facilities in aggregate are approximately 10 million square feet and include, among others, the following principal properties: Bausch Health Location Purpose Owned or Leased Approximate Square Footage Laval, Quebec, Canada Corporate headquarters, R&D, manufacturing and warehouse facility Owned 338,000 Bridgewater, New Jersey (1) Administration shared with Bausch + Lomb Leased 310,000 San Juan del Rio, Mexico Offices and manufacturing facility Owned 853,000 Jelenia Gora, Poland Offices, R&D, manufacturing and warehouse facility Owned 521,000 Rzeszow, Poland Offices, R&D, manufacturing and warehouse facility Owned 380,000 Steinbach, Canada Offices, manufacturing and warehouse facility Owned 241,000 Bausch + Lomb Location Purpose Owned or Leased Approximate Square Footage Vaughan, Ontario, Canada Corporate headquarters and distribution facility Leased 66,000 Bridgewater, New Jersey Administration shared with Bausch Health Leased 310,000 Rochester, New York Offices, R&D and manufacturing facility Owned 953,000 Waterford, Ireland R&D and manufacturing facility Owned 500,000 Woodruff, South Carolina Distribution facility Leased 432,000 Jinan, China Offices and manufacturing facility Owned 418,000 Berlin, Germany R&D, manufacturing, distribution and office facility Owned 339,000 Greenville, South Carolina Manufacturing facility Owned 314,000 Lynchburg, Virginia Offices and distribution facility Owned 224,000 Aubenas, France Offices, manufacturing and warehouse facility Owned 193,000 Tampa, Florida R&D and manufacturing facility Owned 171,000 St.
Removed
Louis, Missouri Offices, R&D and manufacturing facility Owned 140,000 Macherio, Italy Offices, manufacturing and warehouse facility Owned 119,000 Clearwater, Florida R&D and manufacturing facility Owned 102,000 Beijing, China Manufacturing facility Owned 97,000 ____________________________________ (1) — A lease for a second building in Bridgewater, New Jersey was signed in 2015 and was not included in the square footage shown in the table above as the Company has never occupied the second building.
Removed
In 2016, the Company concluded that it would not occupy the second building and recognized the appropriate charge for all future rents due, net of the anticipated sub-let income associated with the second building. In 2023, the Company decided to exercise an option to early terminate the lease period.

Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity

Market for Common Equity — stock, dividends, buybacks

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Restrictions on Share Ownership by Non-Canadians There are no limitations under the laws of Canada or in our organizational documents on the right of foreigners to hold or vote securities of our Company, except that the Investment Canada Act (Canada) (the “Investment Canada Act”) may require review and approval by the Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry (Canada) (the “Minister”) of an acquisition of “control” of our Company by a “non-Canadian” as those terms are defined under the Investment Canada Act. 59 Investment Canada Act An acquisition of control of a Canadian business by a non-Canadian is either reviewable (a “Reviewable Transaction”), in which case it is subject to both a reporting obligation and an approval process, or notifiable, in which case it is subject to only a reporting obligation.
Restrictions on Share Ownership by Non-Canadians There are no limitations under the laws of Canada or in our organizational documents on the right of foreigners to hold or vote securities of our Company, except that the Investment Canada Act (Canada) (the “Investment Canada Act”) may require review and approval by the Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry (Canada) (the “Minister”) of an acquisition of “control” of our Company by a “non-Canadian” as those terms are defined under the Investment Canada Act. 52 Investment Canada Act An acquisition of control of a Canadian business by a non-Canadian is either reviewable (a “Reviewable Transaction”), in which case it is subject to both a reporting obligation and an approval process, or notifiable, in which case it is subject to only a reporting obligation.
This summary does not otherwise take into account or anticipate changes in law or administrative policies and assessing practices, whether by judicial, regulatory, 60 administrative or legislative decision or action, nor does it take into account provincial, territorial or foreign tax legislation or considerations, which may differ from those discussed herein.
This summary does not otherwise take into account or anticipate changes in law or administrative policies and assessing practices, whether by judicial, regulatory, 53 administrative or legislative decision or action, nor does it take into account provincial, territorial or foreign tax legislation or considerations, which may differ from those discussed herein.
While our Board of Directors will review our dividend policy periodically, we currently do not intend to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. In addition, our 2022 Amended Credit Agreement and indentures include restrictions on the payment of dividends. See Note 10, “FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for further details regarding these restrictions.
While our Board of Directors will review our dividend policy periodically, we currently do not intend to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. In addition, our 2025 Credit Agreement and indentures include restrictions on the payment of dividends. See Note 10, “FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for further details regarding these restrictions.
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans Information required under this Item will be included in our definitive proxy statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders expected to be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Form 10-K (the “2025 Proxy Statement”), and such required information is incorporated herein by reference.
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans Information required under this Item will be included in our definitive proxy statement for the 2026 Annual Meeting of Shareholders expected to be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Form 10-K (the “2026 Proxy Statement”), and such required information is incorporated herein by reference.
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Company and Affiliated Purchases There were no purchases of equity securities by the Company during the fourth quarter of the year ended December 31, 2024. Item 6. Reserved 61
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Company and Affiliated Purchases There were no purchases of equity securities by the Company during the fourth quarter of the year ended December 31, 2025. Item 6. Reserved 54
Holders The approximate number of holders of record of our common shares as of February 14, 2025 was 1,750. 58 Performance Graph The following performance graph compares the cumulative total return on a $100 investment on December 31, 2019, assuming reinvestment of all dividends, in: (i) our common shares, (ii) the S&P 500 Index, (iii) the S&P/TSX Composite Index and (iv) the NASDAQ Biotechnology Index.
Holders The approximate number of holders of record of our common shares as of February 13, 2026 was 1,737. 51 Performance Graph The following performance graph compares the cumulative total return on a $100 investment on December 31, 2020, assuming reinvestment of all dividends, in: (i) our common shares, (ii) the S&P 500 Index, (iii) the S&P/TSX Composite Index and (iv) the NASDAQ Biotechnology Index.
Five Year Performance - Cumulative total return on a $100 investment on December 31, 2019 As of December 31, 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Bausch Health Companies Inc. $100 $70 $92 $21 $27 $27 S&P 500 $100 $118 $152 $125 $158 $197 S&P/TSX Composite $100 $106 $132 $124 $139 $139 NASDAQ Biotechnology $100 $126 $126 $114 $119 $118 Dividends No dividends were declared or paid in 2024, 2023 or 2022.
Five Year Performance - Cumulative total return on a $100 investment on December 31, 2020 As of December 31, 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Bausch Health Companies Inc. $100 $133 $30 $39 $39 $33 S&P 500 $100 $129 $105 $133 $166 $196 S&P/TSX Composite $100 $125 $118 $132 $160 $211 NASDAQ Biotechnology $100 $100 $90 $94 $93 $128 Dividends No dividends were declared or paid in 2025, 2024 or 2023.

Item 7. Management's Discussion & Analysis

Management's Discussion & Analysis (MD&A) — revenue / margin commentary

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These products and year of expected LOE include, but are not limited to, Aplenzin ® (2026), Bryhali ® (2026), Relistor ® Subcutaneous (2028) and Xifaxan ® (2028) in the U.S. and Jublia ® (2028) Canada. These dates may change based on, among other things, challenges to our patents, settlement of existing or future patent litigation and at-risk generic launches.
These products and year of expected LOE include, but are not limited to, Aplenzin ® (2026), Bryhali ® (2026), Relistor ® Subcutaneous (2028) and Xifaxan ® (2028) in the U.S. and Jublia ® (2028) in Canada. These dates may change based on, among other things, challenges to our patents, settlement of existing or future patent litigation and at-risk generic launches.
Investing Activities Net cash used in investing activities was $454 million in 2024 and was primarily driven by Purchases of property, plant and equipment and B+L acquisitions and other investments.
Net cash used in investing activities was $454 million in 2024 and was primarily driven by Purchases of property, plant and equipment and B+L acquisitions and other investments.
Accounting for the 2022 Exchange The Company performed an assessment of the 2022 Exchange and determined that it met the criteria to be accounted for as a troubled debt restructuring under Accounting Standards Codification 470-60.
The Company performed an assessment of the 2022 Exchange and determined that it met the criteria to be accounted for as a troubled debt restructuring under Accounting Standards Codification 470-60.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES Critical accounting policies and estimates are those policies and estimates that are most important and material to the preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements, and which require management’s most subjective and complex judgments due to the need to select policies from among alternatives available, and to make estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES Critical accounting estimates are those estimates that are most important and material to the preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements, and which require management’s most subjective and complex judgments due to the need to select policies from among alternatives available, and to make estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain.
Financing Activities Net cash used in financing activities during 2024 was $868 million and was primarily driven by the Repayments of long-term debt of $1,460 million which includes: (i) the repurchase and retirement of certain outstanding senior unsecured notes with aggregate par value of $555 million for approximately $530 million, (ii) $400 million of repayments under the B+L Revolving Credit Facility, (iii) $295 million of contractual interest payments on the 2022 Secured Notes allocated to the reduction of the 85 recorded premiums, (iv) $155 million of amortization on the Term Loan B Facilities and (v) repayments of $50 million under our AR Credit Facility and $30 million under our 2027 Revolving Credit Facility, partially offset by the Issuance of long-term debt of $661 million, representing $396 million from the B+L May 2027 Incremental Term Loan B Facility, borrowings of $235 million under the B+L Revolving Credit Facility and $30 million under the 2027 Revolving Credit Facility.
Net cash used in financing activities during 2024 was $868 million and was primarily driven by the Repayments of long-term debt of $1,460 million which includes: (i) the repurchase and retirement of certain outstanding senior unsecured notes with aggregate par value of $555 million for approximately $530 million, (ii) $400 million of repayments under the B+L Revolving Credit Facility, (iii) $295 million of contractual interest payments on the 2022 Secured Notes allocated to the reduction of the recorded premiums, (iv) $155 million of amortization on the Term Loan B Facilities and (v) repayments of $50 million under our AR Credit Facility and $30 million under our 2027 Revolving Credit Facility, partially offset by the Issuance of long-term debt of $661 million, representing $396 million from the B+L May 2027 Incremental Term Loan B Facility, borrowings of $235 million under the B+L Revolving Credit Facility and $30 million under the 2027 Revolving Credit Facility.
(“we”, “us”, “our”, the “Company” or “Bausch Health”) is a global, diversified specialty pharmaceutical and medical device company that develops, manufactures and markets, primarily in the therapeutic areas of gastroenterology (“GI”), hepatology, neurology and dermatology, a broad range of branded, generic and branded generic pharmaceuticals, over-the-counter (“OTC”) products and aesthetic medical devices and, through our approximately 88% ownership of Bausch + Lomb Corporation (“Bausch + Lomb” or “B+L”), branded, and branded generic pharmaceuticals, OTC products and medical devices (contact lenses, intraocular lenses, ophthalmic surgical equipment) in the therapeutic areas of eye health.
(“we”, “us”, “our”, the “Company” or “Bausch Health”) is a global, diversified specialty pharmaceutical and medical device company that develops, manufactures and markets, primarily in the therapeutic areas of gastroenterology (“GI”), hepatology, neurology and dermatology, a broad range of branded, generic and branded generic pharmaceuticals, over-the-counter (“OTC”) products and aesthetic medical devices and, through our approximately 88% 55 ownership of Bausch + Lomb Corporation (“Bausch + Lomb” or “B+L”), branded, and branded generic pharmaceuticals, OTC products and medical devices (contact lenses, intraocular lenses, ophthalmic surgical equipment) in the therapeutic areas of eye health.
In August 2022, the IRA was signed into law, which among other matters made significant changes to how drugs are covered and paid for under the Medicare program, including imposing financial penalties if drug prices are increased at a rate faster than inflation, redesigning Medicare Part D benefits to shift a greater portion of the costs to manufacturers and allowing 70 the U.S. government to set prices for certain drugs in Medicare.
In August 2022, the IRA was signed into law, which among other matters made significant changes to how drugs are covered and paid for under the Medicare program, including imposing financial penalties if drug prices are increased at a rate faster than inflation, redesigning Medicare Part D benefits to shift a greater portion of the costs to manufacturers and allowing the U.S. government to set prices for certain drugs in Medicare.
Effectively Managing Our Capital Structure At the time of our announcement of the B+L Separation, we emphasized that it is important that the post-separation entities be appropriately capitalized, with appropriate leverage and with access to additional capital, if and when needed, to provide each entity with the ability to independently allocate capital to areas that will strengthen their own competitive positions in their respective lines of business and position each entity for sustainable growth.
Effectively Managing Our Capital Structure At the time of our announcement of the B+L Separation, we emphasized that it is important that the post-separation entities be appropriately capitalized, with appropriate leverage and with access to additional capital, if and when needed, to 56 provide each entity with the ability to independently allocate capital to areas that will strengthen their own competitive positions in their respective lines of business and position each entity for sustainable growth.
Such events and circumstances could include increased competition and unexpected loss of market share, increased input costs relative to our projections (for example due to regulatory or industry changes), disposals of significant products or components of our business, unexpected business disruptions (for example due to a natural disaster, pandemic, unexpected changes in the regulatory environment, unexpected loss of exclusivity to a significant product, loss of a supplier, or other significant business relationship), unexpected significant declines in operating results, significant adverse changes in the markets in which we operate, or changes in management strategy.
Such events and circumstances could include increased competition and unexpected loss of market share, increased input costs relative to our projections (for example due to regulatory or industry changes), disposals of significant products or components of our business, unexpected business disruptions (for example due to a natural disaster, pandemic, unexpected changes in the regulatory environment, unexpected loss of exclusivity to a significant product, loss of a supplier, or other significant business relationship), unexpected significant declines in operating results, significant adverse changes in the markets in which we 84 operate, or changes in management strategy.
These inputs may include: (i) the estimated amount and timing of projected cash flows, (ii) the probability of the achievement of the factor(s) on which the contingency is based and (iii) the risk-adjusted discount rate used to present value the probability-weighted cash flows. • Goodwill is recorded with the acquisition and is calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred and the values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.
These inputs may include: (i) the estimated amount and timing of projected cash flows, (ii) the probability of the achievement of the factor(s) on which the contingency is based and (iii) the risk-adjusted discount rate used to present value the probability-weighted cash flows. 83 • Goodwill is recorded with the acquisition and is calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred and the values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.
However, the repayment of the credit facility, senior 92 notes and the intercompany loans denominated in U.S. dollars does not result in a foreign exchange gain or loss being recognized in our Consolidated Financial Statements, as these statements are prepared in U.S. dollars. Interest Rate Risk We currently do not hold financial instruments for speculative purposes.
However, the repayment of the credit facility, senior notes and the intercompany loans denominated in U.S. dollars does not result in a foreign exchange gain or loss being recognized in our Consolidated Financial Statements, as these statements are prepared in U.S. dollars. Interest Rate Risk We currently do not hold financial instruments for speculative purposes.
In September 2023, Bausch + Lomb acquired XIIDRA ® , the first and only non-steroid eye drop specifically approved to treat the signs and symptoms of dry eye disease focusing on inflammation associated with dry eye, and certain other ophthalmology assets from Novartis Pharma AG and Novartis Finance Corporation (together with Novartis Pharma AG, “Novartis”) (the “XIIDRA Acquisition”).
In September 2023, Bausch + Lomb acquired XIIDRA ® , the first and only non-steroid eye drop specifically approved to treat the signs and symptoms of dry eye disease focusing on inflammation associated with dry eye, and certain other ophthalmology assets from Novartis Pharma AG and Novartis Finance Corporation (together with Novartis Pharma AG, 60 “Novartis”) (the “XIIDRA Acquisition”).
In addition, to the extent that we require, as a source of debt repayment, earnings and cash flows from some of our operations located in foreign countries, we are subject to risk of changes in the value of the U.S. dollar, relative to all other currencies in which we operate, which may materially affect our results of operations.
In addition, to the extent that we require, as a source of 81 debt repayment, earnings and cash flows from some of our operations located in foreign countries, we are subject to risk of changes in the value of the U.S. dollar, relative to all other currencies in which we operate, which may materially affect our results of operations.
This acquisition has enabled Bausch + Lomb to continue to grow its global OTC business. In January 2023, Bausch + Lomb acquired AcuFocus, Inc. (“AcuFocus”), an ophthalmic medical device company that has delivered breakthrough small aperture intraocular technology to address the diverse unmet needs in eye care.
This acquisition has enabled Bausch + Lomb to continue to grow its global OTC business. In January 2023, Bausch + Lomb acquired AcuFocus, Inc., an ophthalmic medical device company that has delivered breakthrough small aperture intraocular technology to address the diverse unmet needs in eye care.
We believe that our current pipeline is strong enough to meet these objectives and provide future sources of revenues, in our core 71 businesses, sufficient enough to sustain our growth and corporate health as other products in our established portfolio face generic competition and lose momentum.
We believe that our current pipeline is strong enough to meet these objectives and provide future sources of revenues, in our core businesses, sufficient enough to sustain our growth and corporate health as other products in our established portfolio face generic competition and lose momentum.
Operating Expenses Cost of Goods Sold (excluding amortization and impairments of intangible assets) Cost of goods sold primarily includes: manufacturing and packaging; the cost of products we purchase from third parties; royalty payments we make to third parties; depreciation of manufacturing facilities and equipment; and lower of cost or net realizable value adjustments to inventories.
Operating Expenses Cost of Goods Sold (excluding amortization and impairments of intangible assets) Cost of goods sold primarily includes: manufacturing and packaging; the cost of products we purchase from third parties; royalty payments we make to third parties; depreciation of manufacturing facilities and equipment; and lower of cost or net 68 realizable value adjustments to inventories.
We believe that we have a well-established product portfolio that is diversified within our core businesses. We also believe that we have a robust pipeline that not only provides for the next generation of our existing products, but also brings new solutions into the market. See Item 1A.
We believe that we have a well-established product portfolio that is diversified within our core businesses. We also believe that we have a pipeline that not only provides for the next generation of our existing products, but also brings new solutions into the market. See Item 1A.
We believe that these measures, along with our continued commitment to improving people’s lives through our health products, help position us to unlock potential value across our portfolio of assets by separating our eye health and pharmaceutical businesses.
We believe that these measures, along with our continued commitment to improving people’s lives through our health products, help position us to unlock potential value across our portfolio of assets, including by separating our eye health and pharmaceutical businesses.
See Note 8, “INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for further details related to our intangible assets. 77 Goodwill Impairments Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment at least annually at the reporting unit level.
See Note 8, “INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for further details related to our intangible assets. Goodwill Impairments Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment at least annually at the reporting unit level.
The extent and timing of future charges for these costs cannot be reasonably estimated at this time and could be material. Litigation Payments In the ordinary course of business, the Company is involved in litigation, claims, government inquiries, investigations, charges and proceedings.
The extent and timing of future charges for these costs cannot be reasonably estimated at this time and could be material. 80 Litigation Payments In the ordinary course of business, the Company is involved in litigation, claims, government inquiries, investigations, charges and proceedings.
We believe we have a robust pipeline that not only provides for the next generation of our existing products but is also poised to bring new products to market.
We believe we have a pipeline that not only provides for the next generation of our existing products but is also poised to bring new products to market.
Non-GAAP measures are not standardized measures under the financial reporting framework used to prepare the Company’s financial statements and might not be comparable to similar financial measures disclosed by other issuers. 81 Organic revenue (non-GAAP) and change in organic revenue (non-GAAP), are defined as GAAP Revenue and change in GAAP revenue (the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures), adjusted for changes in foreign currency exchange rates (if applicable) and excluding the impact of recent acquisitions, divestitures and discontinuations, as defined below.
Non-GAAP measures are not standardized measures under the financial reporting framework used to prepare the Company’s financial statements and might not be comparable to similar financial measures disclosed by other issuers. 72 Organic revenue (non-GAAP) and change in organic revenue (non-GAAP), are defined as GAAP Revenue and change in GAAP revenue (the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures), adjusted for changes in foreign currency exchange rates (if applicable) and excluding the impact of recent acquisitions, divestitures and discontinuations, as defined below.
See Note 8, “INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for further details on the goodwill impairments recognized in 2024, 2023 and 2022. Contingencies In the normal course of business, we are subject to loss contingencies, such as claims and assessments arising from litigation and other legal proceedings, contractual indemnities, product and environmental liabilities and tax matters.
See Note 8, “INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for further details on the goodwill impairments recognized in 2025, 2024 and 2023. Contingencies In the normal course of business, we are subject to loss contingencies, such as claims and assessments arising from litigation and other legal proceedings, contractual indemnities, product and environmental liabilities and tax matters.
We determined that, no events occurred, or circumstances changed that would indicate that the fair value of any reporting unit might be below its carrying value as of December 31, 2024. Our reporting units that were impaired were written down to their respective fair values resulting in zero headroom as of the applicable impairment test dates.
We determined that, no events occurred, or circumstances changed that would indicate that the fair value of any reporting unit might be below its carrying value as of December 31, 2025. Our reporting units that were impaired were written down to their respective fair values resulting in zero headroom as of the applicable impairment test dates.
As of December 31, 2024, we maintain 10 reporting units, nine of which comprise our goodwill balance. We test our reporting units for impairment annually as of October 1, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.
As of December 31, 2025, we maintain 10 reporting units, nine of which comprise our goodwill balance. We test our reporting units for impairment annually as of October 1, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.
It is expected that state legislatures will continue to focus on drug pricing in 2025 and beyond and that similar bills will be passed in more states. These proposals create new authorities for state regulatory bodies to limit reimbursement for certain drugs and such efforts may expand to additional states.
It is expected that state legislatures will continue to focus on drug pricing in 2026 and beyond and that similar bills will be passed in more states. These proposals create new authorities for state regulatory bodies to limit reimbursement for certain drugs and such efforts may expand to additional states.
If interest rates were to decrease by 100 basis-points, the fair value of our issued fixed rate debt would increase by approximately $265 million. We are subject to interest rate risk on our variable rate debt as changes in interest rates could adversely affect earnings and cash flows.
If interest rates were to decrease by 100 basis-points, the fair value of our issued fixed rate debt would increase by approximately $347 million. We are subject to interest rate risk on our variable rate debt as changes in interest rates could adversely affect earnings and cash flows.
The quantitative assessment utilized a long-term growth rate of 1.0% and a discount rate of 8.50% in the estimation of the reporting unit’s fair value. After completing the testing, the fair value of Generics reporting unit exceeded its carrying value by approximately 50%, and therefore, there was no impairment to goodwill.
The quantitative assessment utilized a long-term growth rate of 1.0% and a discount rate of 8.50% in the estimation of the reporting unit’s fair value. After completing the testing, the fair value of Generics reporting unit exceeded its carrying value and therefore, there was no impairment to goodwill.
The ultimate outcome of any litigation or other contingency may be material to our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. See Note 20, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for further details regarding our current legal proceedings.
The ultimate outcome of any litigation or other contingency may be material to our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. See Note 21, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for further details regarding our current legal proceedings.
See Note 22, “SEGMENT INFORMATION” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for the disaggregation of revenue which depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by the economic factors of each category of customer contracts.
See Note 23, “SEGMENT INFORMATION” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for the disaggregation of revenue which depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by the economic factors of each category of customer contracts.
Although a specific plan does not exist at this time, the Company may identify and take additional exit and cost-rationalization restructuring actions in the future, the costs of which could be material. Separation costs for 2024 and 2023 were not material.
Although a specific plan does not exist at this time, the Company may identify and take additional exit and cost-rationalization restructuring actions in the future, the costs of which could be material. Separation costs for 2025 and 2024 were not material.
A 100 basis-points increase in interest rates, would have an annualized pre-tax effect of approximately $59 million in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, based on current outstanding borrowings and effective interest rates on our variable rate debt.
A 100 basis-points increase in interest rates, would have an annualized pre-tax effect of approximately $67 million in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, based on current outstanding borrowings and effective interest rates on our variable rate debt.
When relying on our forward-looking statements to make decisions with respect to the Company, investors and others should carefully consider the foregoing factors and other uncertainties and potential events. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made.
When relying on our forward-looking statements to make decisions with respect to the Company, investors and others should carefully consider the aforementioned factors and other uncertainties and potential events. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made.
Our revenues attributable to Russia, Ukraine and Belarus for 2024, 2023 and 2022 were approximately 2% of our total revenues each year. In addition, we do not have any research or manufacturing facilities in Russia, Ukraine or Belarus.
Our revenues attributable to Russia, Ukraine and Belarus for 2025, 2024 and 2023 were approximately 2% of our total revenues each year. In addition, we do not have any research or manufacturing facilities in Russia, Ukraine or Belarus.
Where we have the rights, we may elect to launch an authorized generic (“AG”) of such product (either ourselves or through a third-party) prior to, upon or following generic entry, which may mitigate the anticipated decrease in product sales; however, even with launch of an authorized generic, the decline in product sales of such product would still be expected to be significant, and the effect on our future revenues could be material. 2026 through 2028 LOE Branded Products - Based on current patent expiration dates, settlement agreements and/or competitive information, we have identified branded products that we believe could begin facing potential LOE and/or generic competition in the U.S. during the years 2026 through 2028.
Where we have the rights, we may elect to launch an AG of such product (either ourselves or through a third-party) prior to, upon or following generic entry, which may mitigate the anticipated decrease in product sales; however, even with launch of an AG, the decline in product sales of such product would still be expected to be significant, and the effect on our future revenues could be material. 2026 through 2029 LOE Branded Products - Based on current patent expiration dates, settlement agreements and/or competitive information, we have identified branded products that we believe could begin facing potential LOE and/or generic competition in the U.S. during the years 2026 through 2029.
After considering the limited headroom as a result of the impairment to goodwill of the Neurology reporting unit when previously tested (October 1, 2022), the Company determined that these changes in facts and circumstances, as well as increases in market interest rates during the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Neurology reporting unit was impaired.
After considering the limited headroom as a result of the impairment to goodwill of the Neuroscience reporting unit when previously tested (October 1, 2022), the Company determined that these 85 changes in facts and circumstances, as well as increases in market interest rates during the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Neuroscience reporting unit was impaired.
The following table also presents segment profits, segment profits as a percentage of segment revenues and the year-over-year changes in segment profits for 2024 and 2023. Years Ended December 31, Change 2024 2023 2023 to 2024 (in millions) Amount Pct. Amount Pct. Amount Pct.
The following table also presents segment profits, segment profits as a percentage of segment revenues and the year-over-year changes in segment profits for 2025 and 2024. Years Ended December 31, Change 2025 2024 2024 to 2025 (in millions) Amount Pct. Amount Pct. Amount Pct.
Our ability to successfully defend the Company against pending and future litigation may impact future cash flows. See Note 20, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.
Our ability to successfully defend the Company against pending and future litigation may impact future cash flows. See Note 21, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.
If we revise these forecasts or determine that certain planning events will not occur, an adjustment to the valuation allowance will be made to tax expense in the period such determination is made. 99 NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS Information regarding the recently issued new accounting guidance (adopted and not adopted as of December 31, 2024) is contained in Note 2, “SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements.
If we revise these forecasts or determine that certain planning events will not occur, an adjustment to the valuation allowance will be made to tax expense in the period such determination is made. 88 NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS Information regarding the recently issued new accounting guidance (adopted and not adopted as of December 31, 2025) is contained in Note 2, “SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements.
We allocate resources to promote our core businesses globally through: (i) strategic acquisitions, (ii) R&D investment, (iii) strategic licensing agreements and (iv) strategic investments in our infrastructure. We believe that the outcome of this process allows us to better drive value in our product portfolio and generate operational efficiencies.
We allocate resources to promote our core businesses globally through: (i) R&D investment, (ii) strategic licensing agreements and (iii) strategic acquisitions. We believe that the outcome of this process allows us to better drive value in our product portfolio and generate operational efficiencies.
Provisions recorded to reduce gross product sales to net product sales and revenues for 2024 and 2023 were as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Amount Pct. Amount Pct.
Provisions recorded to reduce gross product sales to net product sales and revenues for 2025 and 2024 were as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2025 2024 (in millions) Amount Pct. Amount Pct.
Year ended December 31, 2024 Year ended December 31, 2023 Change in Organic Revenue (Non-GAAP) Revenue as Reported Changes in Exchange Rates Acquisitions Organic Revenue (Non-GAAP) Revenue as Reported Divestitures and Discontinuations Organic Revenue (Non-GAAP) (in millions) Amount Pct.
Year ended December 31, 2025 Year ended December 31, 2024 Change in Organic Revenue (Non-GAAP) Revenue as Reported Changes in Exchange Rates Acquisitions Organic Revenue (Non-GAAP) Revenue as Reported Divestitures and Discontinuations Organic Revenue (Non-GAAP) (in millions) Amount Pct.
Our consolidated foreign rate differential reflects the net total tax cost or benefit on income earned or losses incurred in jurisdictions outside of Canada as compared to the net total tax cost or benefit of such income (on a jurisdictional basis) at the Canadian statutory rate of 26.9%.
Our consolidated foreign rate differential reflects the net total tax cost or benefit on income earned or losses incurred in jurisdictions outside of Canada as compared to the net total tax cost or benefit of such income (on a jurisdictional basis) at the Canadian statutory rate of 25%.
The following table presents a reconciliation of GAAP revenues to organic revenues (non-GAAP) and the year over year changes in organic revenue (Non-GAAP) for 2024 and 2023 by segment.
The following table presents a reconciliation of GAAP revenues to organic revenues (non-GAAP) and the year over year changes in organic revenue (Non-GAAP) for 2025 and 2024 by segment.
We continue to evaluate all relevant factors and considerations related to the B+L Separation, including the Xifaxan ® Generics Litigation (see “ Xifaxan ® Paragraph IV Proceedings ” of Note 20, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements) on the B+L Separation.
We continue to evaluate all relevant factors and considerations related to the B+L Separation, including the Xifaxan ® Generics Litigation (see “ Xifaxan ® Paragraph IV Proceedings ” of Note 21, “LEGAL PROCEEDINGS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements).
The IRA also provides for (i) the U.S. government to set or “negotiate” prices for select high-cost Medicare Part D (beginning in 2026) and Medicare Part B drugs (beginning in 2028) that are more than nine years (for small-molecule drugs) or 13 years (for biological products) from their initial FDA approval, (ii) manufacturers to pay a rebate for Medicare Part B and Part D drugs when prices increase faster than inflation beginning in 2022 for Medicare Part D and 2023 for Medicare Part B drugs and (iii) Medicare Part D redesign which replaces the current Part D Coverage Gap Discount Program and establishes a $2,000 cap for out-of-pocket limits costs for Medicare beneficiaries beginning in 2025, with manufacturers being responsible for 10% of costs up to the $2,000 cap and 20% after that cap is reached.
The IRA provides for (i) the U.S. government to set or “negotiate” prices for select high-cost Medicare Part D (beginning in 2026) and Medicare Part B drugs (beginning in 2028) that are more than nine years (for small-molecule drugs) or 13 years (for biological products) from their initial FDA approval, (ii) manufacturers to pay a rebate for Medicare Part B and Part D drugs when prices increase faster than inflation beginning in 2022 for Medicare Part D and 2023 for Medicare Part B drugs and (iii) Medicare Part D redesign which replaced the current Part D Coverage Gap Discount Program and established a $2,000 cap for out-of-pocket limits costs for Medicare beneficiaries beginning in 2025, which has increased to $2,100 for 2026, with manufacturers being responsible for 10% of costs up to the $2,100 cap and 20% after that cap is reached.
In 2024, our effective tax rate differs from the statutory Canadian income tax rate primarily due to: (i) the recording of valuation allowances on entities for which no tax benefit of losses is recorded, (ii) changes in uncertain tax positions, (iii) the tax provision generated from our mix of earnings by jurisdiction, (iv) changes in the valuation allowance related to foreign tax credits and net operating losses and (v) changes in tax attributes.
In 2025, our effective tax rate differs from the statutory Canadian income tax rate primarily due to: (i) the recording of valuation allowances on entities for which no tax benefit of losses is recorded, (ii) the tax provision generated from our mix of earnings by jurisdiction, (iii) changes in the realizability of net deferred tax assets, (iv) changes in uncertain tax positions and (v) changes in tax attributes. 71 In 2024, our effective tax rate differs from the statutory Canadian income tax rate primarily due to: (i) the recording of valuation allowances on entities for which no tax benefit of losses is recorded, (ii) changes in uncertain tax positions, (iii) the tax provision generated from our mix of earnings by jurisdiction, (iv) changes in the valuation allowance related to foreign tax credits and net operating losses and (v) changes in tax attributes.
A change in any of these assumptions could produce a different fair value, which could have a material impact on our results of operations. At December 31, 2024, the fair value measurements of acquisition-related contingent consideration were determined using risk-adjusted discount rates ranging from 6% to 28%.
A change in any of these assumptions could produce a different fair value, which could have a material impact on our results of operations. At December 31, 2025, the fair value measurements of acquisition-related contingent consideration were determined using risk-adjusted discount rates ranging from 6% to 16%.
Contractual interest payments will be allocated to the reduction of the recorded premium and interest expense as presented below. The amount of interest which reduces the recorded premium will be reported as a financing activity in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Contractual interest payments of the Remaining Secured Notes will be allocated to the reduction of the recorded premium and interest expense as presented below. The amount of interest which reduces the recorded premium will be reported as a financing activity in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
As of December 31, 2024, the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet includes accrued loss contingencies of $332 million related to matters which are both probable and reasonably estimable, however, a reliable estimate of the period in which the remaining loss contingencies will be payable, if ever, cannot be made.
As of December 31, 2025, the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet includes accrued loss contingencies of $178 million related to matters which are both probable and reasonably estimable, however, a reliable estimate of the period in which the remaining loss contingencies will be payable, if ever, cannot be made.
The fair value of acquired in-process research and development (“IPR&D”) is also recognized at fair value using an income approach and consists of the following estimates and inputs: (i) each asset’s probability-adjusted future cash flows, which reflect the different stages of development of each product and the associated probability of successful completion and (ii) the risk-adjusted discount rate used to present value the cash flows. • Acquisition-related contingent consideration, which primarily consists of potential milestone payments, is determined in accordance with the acquisition method of accounting.
The fair value of acquired IPR&D is also recognized at fair value using an income approach and consists of the following estimates and inputs: (i) each asset’s probability-adjusted future cash flows, which reflect the different stages of development of each product and the associated probability of successful completion and (ii) the risk-adjusted discount rate used to present value the cash flows. • Acquisition-related contingent consideration, which primarily consists of potential milestone payments, is determined in accordance with the acquisition method of accounting.
The Company’s products are marketed directly or indirectly in approximately 90 countries. We generated revenues for 2024, 2023 and 2022, of $9,625 million, $8,757 million and $8,124 million, respectively. Our portfolio of products falls into five reportable segments: (i) Salix, (ii) International, (iii) Solta Medical, (iv) Diversified and (v) Bausch + Lomb.
The Company’s products are marketed directly or indirectly in approximately 90 countries. We generated revenues for 2025, 2024 and 2023, of $10,266 million, $9,625 million and $8,757 million, respectively. Our portfolio of products falls into five reportable segments: (i) Salix, (ii) International, (iii) Solta Medical, (iv) Diversified and (v) Bausch + Lomb.
Separation of the Bausch + Lomb Eye Health Business On August 6, 2020, we announced our plan to separate our eye health business consisting of our Bausch + Lomb global Vision Care, Surgical and Pharmaceuticals businesses into an independent publicly traded entity, Bausch + Lomb, from the remainder of Bausch Health Companies Inc. (the “B+L Separation”).
Separation of the Bausch + Lomb Eye Health Business On August 6, 2020, we announced our plan to separate our eye health business consisting of our Bausch + Lomb global Vision Care, Surgical and Pharmaceuticals businesses into an independent publicly traded entity, Bausch + Lomb (the “B+L Separation”).
Bausch + Lomb Corporation Rating Agency Corporate Rating Senior Secured Rating Senior Unsecured Rating Outlook Corporate Rating Senior Secured Rating Outlook Moody’s Caa2 Caa1 Ca Stable B1 Stable Standard & Poor’s CCC+ B- CCC Negative B- B- Positive Fitch CCC B C No Outlook B- BB- Rating Watch Evolving Bausch Health Companies Inc. - There were no changes to the corporate credit ratings or other credit ratings of the Company during the fourth quarter of 2024.
Bausch + Lomb Corporation Rating Agency Corporate Rating Senior Secured Rating Senior Unsecured Rating Outlook Corporate Rating Senior Secured Rating Outlook Moody’s Caa2 Caa1 Ca Stable B1 Stable Standard & Poor’s B- B- CCC+ Negative B B Developing Fitch B BB Rating Watch Evolving Bausch Health Companies Inc. - There were no changes to the corporate credit ratings or other credit ratings of the Company during the fourth quarter of 2025.
Management continually assesses the useful lives of the Company’s long-lived assets. Indefinite-lived intangible assets, including Acquired in-process research and development and the B&L corporate trademark, are tested for impairment annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances between annual tests indicate that the asset may be impaired.
Management continually assesses the useful lives of the Company’s long-lived assets. Indefinite-lived intangible assets, including Acquired IPR&D and the B&L corporate trademark, are tested for impairment annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances between annual tests indicate that the asset may be impaired.
Further, in the ordinary course of business, we may borrow and repay additional amounts under our credit facilities using cash on hand, cash from operations and cash provided from other financing or refinancing actions, including the sale of equity or equity-linked securities, additional debt financings, and the monetization of a portion of our holdings of Bausch + Lomb; • Capital expenditures —We expect to make payments of approximately $340 million for property, plant and equipment during 2025; • Contingent consideration and milestone payments —We expect to make contingent consideration and milestone payments of approximately $50 million during 2025 and; • Benefit obligations —We expect to make aggregate payments under our pension and postretirement obligations of $6 million during 2025.
Further, in the ordinary course of business, we may borrow and repay additional amounts under our credit facilities using cash on hand, cash from operations and cash provided from other financing or refinancing actions, including the sale of equity or equity-linked securities, additional debt financings, and the monetization of a portion of our holdings of Bausch + Lomb; • Capital expenditures —We expect to make payments of approximately $345 million for property, plant and equipment during 2026; • Contingent consideration and milestone payments —We expect to make contingent consideration and milestone payments of approximately $175 million during 2026; and • Benefit obligations —We expect to make aggregate payments under our pension and postretirement obligations of $10 million during 2026.
Additionally, as of December 31, 2024, the unrealized foreign exchange gain on certain intercompany balances was equal to $667 million. One-half of any realized foreign exchange gain or loss will be included in our Canadian taxable income.
Additionally, as of December 31, 2025, the unrealized foreign exchange gain on certain intercompany balances was equal to $554 million. One-half of any realized foreign exchange gain or loss will be included in our Canadian taxable income.
Given the continuation of the market conditions and trends in business performance in 2024 for this reporting unit, a separate quantitative fair value test was performed.
Given the continuation of the market conditions and trends in business performance in 2024 for this reporting unit, a separate quantitative fair value test was performed as of October 1, 2024.
Managing Our Capital Structure in 2023 B+L Term Loan B Facility and Senior Secured Notes On September 29, 2023, Bausch + Lomb entered into a new term loan facility (“B+L September 2028 Term Loan B Facility”) of $500 million and issued new Senior Secured Notes (“B+L October 2028 Secured Notes”) of $1,400 million to finance the $1,750 million upfront payment related to the acquisition of XIIDRA ® and certain other ophthalmology assets from Novartis and associated acquisition-related transaction and financing costs (as discussed in “-Strategic Acquisitions” below and Note 10, “FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS” to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements).
Managing Our Capital Structure in 2023 On September 29, 2023, Bausch + Lomb entered into a new term loan facility (“B+L September 2028 Term Loan B Facility”) of $500 million and issued new Senior Secured Notes (“B+L October 2028 Senior Secured Notes”) of $1,400 million to finance the $1,750 million upfront payment related to the acquisition of XIIDRA ® and certain other ophthalmology assets from Novartis and associated acquisition-related transaction and financing costs (as discussed in “—Strategic Acquisitions” below).
Accounts Receivable Credit Facility On June 30, 2023, certain of our subsidiaries entered into a Credit and Security Agreement (the “AR Facility Agreement”) with certain third-party lenders, providing for a non-recourse financing facility collateralized by certain accounts receivable originated by a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “AR Credit Facility”).
Accounts Receivable Credit Facility Termination On June 30, 2023, certain subsidiaries of the Company entered into a Credit and Security Agreement (as amended, the “AR Facility Agreement”) with certain third-party lenders, providing for a non-recourse financing facility collateralized by 57 certain accounts receivable originated by a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “AR Credit Facility”).
A maximum of 3,356,344 common shares could be issued upon vesting of the performance-based RSUs outstanding. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK Our business and financial results are affected by fluctuations in world financial markets, including the impacts of foreign currency exchange rate and interest rate movements.
A maximum of 6,609,618 common shares could be issued upon vesting of the performance-based RSUs outstanding. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK Our business and financial results are affected by fluctuations in world financial markets, including the impacts of foreign currency exchange rate and interest rate movements.
When we establish/increase or reduce/decrease the valuation allowance, the provision for income taxes will increase or decrease, respectively, in the period such determination is made. Our valuation allowance against deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $2,284 million and $2,254 million, respectively, an increase of $30 million, as discussed above.
When we establish/increase or reduce/decrease the valuation allowance, the provision for income taxes will increase or decrease, respectively, in the period such determination is made. Our valuation allowance against deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 was $2,576 million and $2,284 million, respectively, an increase of $292 million, as discussed above.
Additionally, factors such as our inability to successfully execute our business strategies, failure to attain our assumed growth rates and margins or should we decide to divest certain non-strategic assets could lead to the impairment of one or more of our reporting units in the future. 98 As outlined above, our quantitative fair value testing procedures performed as of October 1, 2024 represented in the aggregate, approximately $556 million, or 5% of our $11,087 million goodwill balance as of December 31, 2024.
Additionally, factors such as our inability to successfully execute our business strategies, failure to attain our assumed growth rates and margins or should we decide to divest certain non-strategic assets could lead to the impairment of one or more of our reporting units in the future. 87 As outlined above, our quantitative fair value testing procedures performed as of October 1, 2025 represented in the aggregate, approximately $4,556 million, or 40% of our $11,271 million goodwill balance as of December 31, 2025.
Cost of goods sold typically vary between periods as a result of product mix, volume, royalties, changes in foreign currency and inflation. Cost of goods sold excludes the amortization and impairments of intangible assets. Cost of goods sold was $2,729 million and $2,519 million for 2024 and 2023, respectively, an increase of $210 million, or 8%.
Cost of goods sold typically vary between periods as a result of product mix, volume, royalties, changes in foreign currency and inflation. Cost of goods sold excludes the amortization and impairments of intangible assets. Cost of goods sold was $2,949 million and $2,729 million for 2025 and 2024, respectively, an increase of $220 million, or 8%.
Quality assurance are the costs incurred to meet evolving customer and regulatory standards and include: employee compensation costs; overhead and occupancy costs; amortization of software; and other third-party costs. R&D expenses were $616 million and $604 million for 2024 and 2023, respectively, an increase of $12 million, or 2%.
Quality assurance are the costs incurred to meet evolving customer and regulatory standards and include: employee compensation costs; overhead and occupancy costs; amortization of software; and other third-party costs. R&D expenses were $629 million and $616 million for 2025 and 2024, respectively, an increase of $13 million, or 2%.
Solta Medical • Clear + Brilliant ® Touch - Next generation Clear + Brilliant ® laser is designed to deliver a customized and more comprehensive treatment protocol by providing patients of all ages and skin types the benefits of two wavelengths.
Solta Medical • Clear + Brilliant ® Touch - The latest generation Clear + Brilliant ® laser is designed to deliver a customized and more comprehensive skin resurfacing treatment protocol by providing patients of all ages and skin types the benefits of two wavelengths in one treatment.
Under the pillar one proposals, a portion of the residual profits of multinational enterprise (“MNE”) groups with global turnover above €20 billion and a profit margin above 10% will be allocated to market jurisdictions where such allocated profits would be taxed.
Under pillar one, a portion of the residual profits of multinational enterprise (“MNE”) groups with global turnover above €20 billion and a profit margin above 10% would be allocated to (and taxed in) market jurisdictions.
As of December 31, 2024, a 1% change in foreign currency exchange rates would have impacted our shareholders’ deficit by approximately $40 million. As of December 31, 2024, the unrealized foreign exchange loss on the translation of the remaining principal amount of U.S. denominated credit facility, senior secured and unsecured notes was $1,451 million, for Canadian income tax purposes.
As of December 31, 2025, a 1% change in foreign currency exchange rates would have impacted our shareholders’ deficit by approximately $43 million. As of December 31, 2025, the unrealized foreign exchange gain on the translation of the remaining principal amount of U.S. denominated credit facility, senior secured and unsecured notes was $147 million, for Canadian income tax purposes.
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations INTRODUCTION This “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” has been updated through February 19, 2025 and should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations INTRODUCTION This “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” has been updated through February 18, 2026 and should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
The fair value of a reporting unit refers to the price that would be received to sell the reporting unit in an orderly transaction between market participants. We estimate the fair values of our reporting units using a discounted cash flow model, which utilizes Level 3 unobservable inputs. There were no impairments to goodwill during 2024.
The fair value of a reporting unit refers to the price that would be received to sell the reporting unit in an orderly transaction between market participants. We estimate the fair values of our reporting units using a discounted cash flow model, which utilizes Level 3 unobservable inputs.
R&D expenses as a percentage of Product sales were approximately 6% and 7% for 2024 and 2023, respectively. Amortization of Intangible Assets Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, generally 2 to 20 years.
R&D expenses as a percentage of Product sales were approximately 6% for each of the years 2025 and 2024. Amortization of Intangible Assets Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, generally 1 to 20 years.
In line with this focus on our core businesses, we have: (i) made progress in effectively managing our capital structure, including taking actions to reduce the principal balances of our long-term debt, (ii) directed capital allocation to drive growth within these core businesses, (iii) increased our efforts to improve patient access, (iv) divested assets to improve our capital structure and simplify our business and (v) continued to invest in sustainable growth drivers to position us for long-term growth.
In line with this focus on our core businesses, we have: (i) made measurable progress in effectively managing our capital structure, including taking actions to reduce the principal balances or extend maturities of our long-term debt, (ii) directed capital allocation to drive growth within our core businesses, (iii) increased our efforts to improve patient access and (iv) continued to invest in sustainable growth drivers to position us for long-term growth.
Many of these changes focus on health care cost containment, which result in pricing pressures relating to the sales and reimbursements of health care products.
Many of these changes focused on health care cost containment, which resulted in pricing pressures relating to the sales and reimbursements of health care products.
Foreign Exchange and Other Foreign exchange and other was a loss of $47 million and $52 million for 2024 and 2023, respectively, a favorable net change of $5 million. Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for under the liability method.
Foreign Exchange and Other Foreign exchange and other was a loss of $52 million and $47 million for 2025 and 2024, respectively, an unfavorable net change of $5 million. Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for under the liability method.
The original premium recorded on the 2022 Secured Notes was $1,835 million, which will be reduced as contractual interest payments are made on the 2022 Secured Notes.
The original premium recorded on the 2022 Secured Notes was $1,835 million, which has been reduced as contractual interest payments are made on the 2022 Secured Notes.
Weighted Average Interest Rate The accounting for the 2022 Exchange results in the 2022 Secured Notes being carried at a premium relative to their principal amount and will result in no interest expense to be recorded in our financial statements for a significant portion of the 2022 Secured Notes.
Weighted Average Interest Rate The accounting for the 2022 Exchange results in the Remaining Secured Notes being carried at a premium relative to their principal amount and will result in reduced interest expense to be recorded in our financial statements for a significant portion of the Remaining Secured Notes as depicted in the table above.
In July 2024, Bausch + Lomb acquired TearLab Corporation, d/b/a Trukera Medical (“Trukera Medical”) a U.S.-based privately held ophthalmic medical diagnostic company. Trukera Medical commercializes ScoutPro ® , a point-of-care portable 67 device for precisely measuring osmolarity, the salt content of a person’s tears. This acquisition is expected to expand Bausch + Lomb’s presence in the DED market.
In July 2024, Bausch + Lomb acquired TearLab Corporation, d/b/a Trukera Medical (“Trukera Medical”), a U.S.-based privately held ophthalmic medical diagnostic company. Trukera Medical commercializes ScoutPro ® , a point-of-care portable device for precisely measuring osmolarity, the salt content of a person’s tears. This acquisition expands Bausch + Lomb’s presence in the dry eye market.
In addition to our working capital requirements, as of December 31, 2024, we expect our primary cash requirements for 2025 to include: • Debt repayments and interest payments —Based on our debt portfolio, we expect to make mandatory maturities and amortization payments of approximately $2,380 million and interest payments of approximately $1,570 million during 2025.
In addition to our working capital requirements, as of December 31, 2025, we expect our primary cash requirements for 2026 to include: • Debt repayments and interest payments —Based on our debt portfolio, we expect to make mandatory maturities and amortization payments of approximately $58 million and interest payments of approximately $1,720 million during 2026.
The estimated fair value of our issued fixed rate debt as of December 31, 2024 was $12,367 million. If interest rates were to increase by 100 basis-points, the fair value of our issued fixed rate debt would decrease by approximately $260 million.
The estimated fair value of our issued fixed rate debt as of December 31, 2025 was $12,984 million. If interest rates were to increase by 100 basis-points, the fair value of our issued fixed rate debt would decrease by approximately $350 million.
The Company has incurred and expects to continue to incur, incremental costs with respect to the B+L Separation. These separation-related costs include, but are not limited to rebranding costs and costs associated with facility relocation and/or modification. SG&A expenses were $3,296 million and $2,917 million for 2024 and 2023, respectively, an increase of $379 million, or 13%.
The Company has incurred and expects to continue to incur, incremental costs with respect to the B+L Separation. These separation-related costs include, but are not limited to rebranding costs and costs associated with facility relocation and/or modification. SG&A expenses were $3,438 million and $3,296 million for 2025 and 2024, respectively, an increase of $142 million, or 4%.

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