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Side-by-side financial comparison of Citigroup (C) and PDD Holdings Inc. (PDD). Click either name above to swap in a different company.
Citigroup is the larger business by last-quarter revenue ($19.9B vs $15.2B, roughly 1.3× PDD Holdings Inc.). PDD Holdings Inc. runs the higher net margin — 27.1% vs 12.4%, a 14.7% gap on every dollar of revenue.
Citigroup Inc. or Citi is an American multinational investment bank and financial services company based in New York City. The company was formed in 1998 by the merger of Citicorp, the bank holding company for Citibank, and Travelers; Travelers was spun off from the company in 2002.
Pinduoduo is a Chinese online retailer, with a focus on the traditional agriculture industry. The business is the largest product of PDD Holdings, a company currently headquartered in Ireland that also owns the online marketplace Temu.
C vs PDD — Head-to-Head
Income Statement — Q4 FY2025 vs Q3 FY2025
| Metric | | |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue | $19.9B | $15.2B |
| Net Profit | $2.5B | $4.1B |
| Gross Margin | — | 56.7% |
| Operating Margin | 19.2% | 23.1% |
| Net Margin | 12.4% | 27.1% |
| Revenue YoY | — | — |
| Net Profit YoY | — | — |
| EPS (diluted) | $1.21 | — |
Green = leading value per metric. Periods may differ when fiscal calendars don't align.
8-Quarter Revenue & Profit Trend
Side-by-side quarterly history. Quarters aligned by calendar period so offset fiscal years line up.
| Q4 25 | $19.9B | — | ||
| Q3 25 | $22.1B | $15.2B | ||
| Q2 25 | $21.7B | $14.5B | ||
| Q1 25 | $21.6B | — | ||
| Q3 24 | $20.3B | $14.2B | ||
| Q2 24 | $20.1B | — | ||
| Q1 24 | $21.1B | $12.0B | ||
| Q3 23 | — | $9.4B |
| Q4 25 | $2.5B | — | ||
| Q3 25 | $3.8B | $4.1B | ||
| Q2 25 | $4.0B | $4.3B | ||
| Q1 25 | $4.1B | — | ||
| Q3 24 | $3.2B | $3.6B | ||
| Q2 24 | $3.2B | — | ||
| Q1 24 | $3.4B | $3.9B | ||
| Q3 23 | — | $2.1B |
| Q4 25 | — | — | ||
| Q3 25 | — | 56.7% | ||
| Q2 25 | — | 55.9% | ||
| Q1 25 | — | — | ||
| Q3 24 | — | 60.0% | ||
| Q2 24 | — | — | ||
| Q1 24 | — | 62.3% | ||
| Q3 23 | — | 61.0% |
| Q4 25 | 19.2% | — | ||
| Q3 25 | 24.2% | 23.1% | ||
| Q2 25 | 24.1% | 24.8% | ||
| Q1 25 | 25.2% | — | ||
| Q3 24 | 21.6% | 24.5% | ||
| Q2 24 | 21.4% | — | ||
| Q1 24 | 21.5% | 29.9% | ||
| Q3 23 | — | 24.2% |
| Q4 25 | 12.4% | — | ||
| Q3 25 | 17.0% | 27.1% | ||
| Q2 25 | 18.5% | 29.6% | ||
| Q1 25 | 18.8% | — | ||
| Q3 24 | 15.9% | 25.1% | ||
| Q2 24 | 16.0% | — | ||
| Q1 24 | 16.0% | 32.3% | ||
| Q3 23 | — | 22.6% |
| Q4 25 | $1.21 | — | ||
| Q3 25 | $1.86 | — | ||
| Q2 25 | $1.96 | — | ||
| Q1 25 | $1.96 | — | ||
| Q3 24 | $1.51 | — | ||
| Q2 24 | $1.52 | — | ||
| Q1 24 | $1.58 | — | ||
| Q3 23 | — | — |
Balance Sheet & Financial Strength
Snapshot of each company's liquidity, leverage and book value from the latest quarter.
| Metric | | |
|---|---|---|
| Cash + ST InvestmentsLiquidity on hand | — | $13.0B |
| Total DebtLower is stronger | $315.8B | — |
| Stockholders' EquityBook value | $212.3B | $55.0B |
| Total Assets | $2657.2B | $86.2B |
| Debt / EquityLower = less leverage | 1.49× | — |
8-quarter trend — quarters aligned by calendar period.
| Q4 25 | — | — | ||
| Q3 25 | — | $13.0B | ||
| Q2 25 | — | $8.8B | ||
| Q1 25 | — | — | ||
| Q3 24 | — | $9.3B | ||
| Q2 24 | — | — | ||
| Q1 24 | — | $7.7B | ||
| Q3 23 | — | $7.5B |
| Q4 25 | $315.8B | — | ||
| Q3 25 | $315.8B | — | ||
| Q2 25 | $317.8B | — | ||
| Q1 25 | $295.7B | — | ||
| Q3 24 | $299.1B | — | ||
| Q2 24 | $280.3B | — | ||
| Q1 24 | $285.5B | — | ||
| Q3 23 | — | — |
| Q4 25 | $212.3B | — | ||
| Q3 25 | $213.0B | $55.0B | ||
| Q2 25 | $213.2B | $50.5B | ||
| Q1 25 | $212.4B | — | ||
| Q3 24 | $209.1B | $39.7B | ||
| Q2 24 | $208.3B | — | ||
| Q1 24 | $206.6B | $30.3B | ||
| Q3 23 | — | $22.2B |
| Q4 25 | $2657.2B | — | ||
| Q3 25 | $2642.5B | $86.2B | ||
| Q2 25 | $2622.8B | $79.2B | ||
| Q1 25 | $2571.5B | — | ||
| Q3 24 | $2430.7B | $66.5B | ||
| Q2 24 | $2405.7B | — | ||
| Q1 24 | $2432.5B | $52.3B | ||
| Q3 23 | — | $43.1B |
| Q4 25 | 1.49× | — | ||
| Q3 25 | 1.48× | — | ||
| Q2 25 | 1.49× | — | ||
| Q1 25 | 1.39× | — | ||
| Q3 24 | 1.43× | — | ||
| Q2 24 | 1.35× | — | ||
| Q1 24 | 1.38× | — | ||
| Q3 23 | — | — |
Cash Flow & Capital Efficiency
How much cash each business actually produces after reinvestment. Cash flow is harder to manipulate than net income.
| Metric | | |
|---|---|---|
| Operating Cash FlowLast quarter | $26.6B | $6.4B |
| Free Cash FlowOCF − Capex | $24.9B | — |
| FCF MarginFCF / Revenue | 125.4% | — |
| Capex IntensityCapex / Revenue | 8.2% | — |
| Cash ConversionOCF / Net Profit | 10.75× | 1.56× |
| TTM Free Cash FlowTrailing 4 quarters | $-74.2B | — |
8-quarter trend — quarters aligned by calendar period.
| Q4 25 | $26.6B | — | ||
| Q3 25 | $1.1B | $6.4B | ||
| Q2 25 | $-36.6B | $3.0B | ||
| Q1 25 | $-58.7B | — | ||
| Q3 24 | — | $3.9B | ||
| Q2 24 | — | — | ||
| Q1 24 | $-10.8B | $2.9B | ||
| Q3 23 | — | $4.5B |
| Q4 25 | $24.9B | — | ||
| Q3 25 | $-517.0M | — | ||
| Q2 25 | $-38.3B | — | ||
| Q1 25 | $-60.2B | — | ||
| Q3 24 | — | — | ||
| Q2 24 | — | — | ||
| Q1 24 | $-12.4B | — | ||
| Q3 23 | — | — |
| Q4 25 | 125.4% | — | ||
| Q3 25 | -2.3% | — | ||
| Q2 25 | -176.9% | — | ||
| Q1 25 | -278.9% | — | ||
| Q3 24 | — | — | ||
| Q2 24 | — | — | ||
| Q1 24 | -58.9% | — | ||
| Q3 23 | — | — |
| Q4 25 | 8.2% | — | ||
| Q3 25 | 7.3% | — | ||
| Q2 25 | 8.1% | — | ||
| Q1 25 | 7.0% | — | ||
| Q3 24 | — | — | ||
| Q2 24 | — | — | ||
| Q1 24 | 7.6% | — | ||
| Q3 23 | — | — |
| Q4 25 | 10.75× | — | ||
| Q3 25 | 0.29× | 1.56× | ||
| Q2 25 | -9.10× | 0.70× | ||
| Q1 25 | -14.45× | — | ||
| Q3 24 | — | 1.10× | ||
| Q2 24 | — | — | ||
| Q1 24 | -3.21× | 0.75× | ||
| Q3 23 | — | 2.09× |
Financial Flow Comparison
Revenue → gross profit → operating profit → net profit for each company.
Revenue Breakdown by Segment
C
| Services | $5.9B | 30% |
| Markets | $4.5B | 23% |
| Commissions And Fees | $3.1B | 16% |
| Banking Segment | $2.2B | 11% |
| Wealth | $2.1B | 11% |
| Commercial Portfolio Segment | $1.7B | 9% |
| Brokerage Commissions | $249.0M | 1% |
PDD
Segment breakdown not available.
